scholarly journals Information Support for the Reform of the Scientific Sphere of Ukraine: the Role of National Libraries (from the experience of the Service of Information and Analytical Support of Public Authorities, V. I. Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine)

2021 ◽  
pp. 300-319
Author(s):  
Oleg Natarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Support ◽  
National Library ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
National Libraries

The Changing Role of the National Library in the New Information Environment

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham P. Cornish
Keyword(s):  
National Archive ◽  
Information Environment ◽  
National Library ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Information ◽  
Technical Advances ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
National Libraries

The new information environment is a combination of technical advances and cultural attitudes; both of these have major implications for the role of the national library. As part of a Unesco-funded study in 1990, a survey was carried out to determine how national libraries were coping with the present situation; the situation varies, but there is cause for concern. The three basic characteristics of a national library – that it is publicly funded, gives access to the public, and acts as the national archive of material published in the country – are all called into question. Functions such as collection building, exploitation of the collections, and creation of the national bibliographic record need to be rethought. The new information environment has much to contribute to the handicapped, and national libraries should ensure the development of services for those with special needs. They need to respond to the changing situation rapidly by taking the lead in their respective countries; failure to take the initiative will leave it to be taken by people who will make decisions on purely technical, economic or political grounds.

The National Libraries of the Countries of the Francophonie: A Comparative Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-146
Author(s):  
Marcel Lajeunesse
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
National Library ◽  
African Countries ◽  
National Archives ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
National Libraries

The International Organization of the Francophonie (Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie, OIF) which developed over the last decades of the twentieth century brings together, as of 2008, 53 State and government full members and 13 observer members, spread out over five continents. The Répertoire des bibliothèques nationales de la Francophonie, which is in its third edition (2008), presents index cards on every national library, or library fulfilling such a role, of each member or observer country. After presenting an overview of the International Organization of the Francophonie, this article looks at the creation of the national library in each country, legal deposit and national bibliography. Then, communication (websites) and international relations (membership of IFLA) are addressed. Of the 63 countries surveyed, only 9 countries do not have a national library, although the majority of these nine countries have another institution – a national documentation centre, public or parliamentary library or national archives – that normally fulfils the functions of a national library. It must be recognized that there is a large disparity between the national libraries of developed countries in Europe and North America and those in developing countries of sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and the Antilles. In some sub-Saharan African countries, the national library has only a nominal existence.

The Swiss National Library

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Frédéric Jauslin
Keyword(s):  
Information Service ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
Federal State ◽  
National Library ◽  
Information Centre ◽  
General Review ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
National Libraries ◽  
Information And Technology

This Swiss National Library, which dates from 1894, initially had the function of collecting Helvetica; later the construction of a union catalogue and the creation of a central information service were added to its responsibilities. It achieved much success, but from the 1970s reduced funds and a lack of foresight severely eroded its standing and role. Following the appointment of a new Director in 1990, a team of experts in information and technology was formed, a general review of the library's strengths and weaknesses was carried out, and an automation programme was started. A new policy has had to be defined for the role of a national library in a federal state. It is proposed that the library's responsibilities should include all kinds of information resources, and give equal attention to conversation and the provision of services, the latter particularly as an information centre for material of Swiss interest. Greatly increased funds and staff are being sought. A revision of the law relating to the National Library has been submitted to Parliament; this defines its collection policy (including legal deposit, which the library has not hitherto had) and prescribes its bibliographic services. These developments should lead to the regaining of a prominent position for the library and thence to a national coordination plan for Swiss libraries. The National Library will seek solutions for the problems posed by multilingualism. It will also look for cooperation with other national libraries in Europe.

scholarly journals Experience and Problems of Increasing the Efficiency of Scientific Activity of National Libraries

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir R. Firsov
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
National Library ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Research Function ◽  
National Libraries

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the further development and increase of the efficiency of scientific research and scientific-methodical activity as the main type of activity of the National Libraries (NL). There is presented the analysis of the legal basis of the research function of NL — legislation in the field of librarianship, science and scientific and technological policy. The author considers the reflection of this function in the Statutes of NL of different times and stages of development. The article reveals the modern forms of institutionalization of scientific activity and scientometric approach to assessing the efficiency of scientific institutions. The author records the necessity of comparative analysis of the legal substantiation of the forms of organization and content of scientific activity of the National libraries of different countries. The author analyses domestic and foreign sources on this problem, as well as determines the scope of missing information for more profound and comprehensive assessment of the current state of research activities of NL. To this end, the author examines the official websites of the libraries and reveals the following results. Most of NL are engaged in scientific research. Based on the analysis, the article substantiates the conclusion about the presence of general trends in their content, corresponding to the modern requirements of socio-economic and cultural development. The author presents the conclusion on the need to develop scientific activity of the National Library of Russia in accordance with the “Concept of Development of the National Library of Russia for 2018—2025”. The article analyses the normative and regulatory documents of domestic and foreign NL, as well as the experience of domestic and foreign researchers over the past 20 years, which proves the important place and role of scientific research in the activities of the modern NL. The conducted analysis will contribute to improving the efficiency of scientific activities of NL, strengthening of their role as a scientific and methodological centre for the Central libraries of the Russian Federation, as well as the role of regional libraries in the formation of the research space and the environment of professional scientific communications.

Public Libraries as National Libraries – The Caribbean Experience

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Peltier-Davis
Keyword(s):  
Public Libraries ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Library Services ◽  
National Library ◽  
National Heritage ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
National Libraries

While it is essential that national library functions and services are carried out, within the English-speaking Caribbean these functions can be provided by extending the role of the country's main public library. A questionnaire was administered in 1994 to 14 public libraries and one national library in the region to ascertain if public libraries performed any national library functions and if so to assess how effectively, with a view to formulating proposals as to how best this dual role could be achieved. The survey, in which 13 libraries participated, revealed that a majority of the libraries did in fact act as de facto national libraries, performing many of the functions of traditional national libraries, though there were major deficiencies (e.g. only seven had legal deposit, and only four produced national bibliographies). A structure for a dual-function Public/National Library is proposed, with three functional divisions (Public Library Services, Technical Services, and National Heritage) and a powerful National Library Services Board.

Scientific information resources for innovative development. History of one seminar

Infolib ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-7
Author(s):  
Umida Teshabayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Information ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
National Library ◽  
Development History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
World Information

The article is devoted to the issues of access to electronic scientific and educational resources of the world’s leading publishers for universities and research centers of Uzbekistan. Organized with the support of the National library of Uzbekistan, the international seminar «Scientific information resources for innovative development» opened up opportunities for scientists, teachers, students and librarians to get important information for their activities. The history of the seminar organization and the great role of such events in information support, the entry of the Republic into the world information space and importance it in the innovative development of the country is described.

Excerpts from the history of libraries

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
E. N. Kasyanchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Libraries ◽  
Central City ◽  
University Libraries ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
National Library ◽  
History Of ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
The Masses ◽  
National Libraries

The article provides a brief overview of the history of the beginning and development of libraries: from the oldest library of Ashurbanipal, in whose collection books were clay cuneiform tablets to the recognized world’s best multifunctional city library of Helsinki with modern equipment. The author hadn’t task to create a detailed chronology of the history of libraries development. Author focused on not only to public libraries, but also to University libraries, since University libraries have always been the flagships of librarianship. The important role of national libraries in the formation of statehood is mentioned. The websites of the MSU Scientific Library, the Russian National Library, and the Central City Library of Helsinki Oodi (Finland) were analyzed. The influence of the invention of printing on libraries is noted. The history of library’s functions expansion is considered: from the function of protection book heritage to the function of support of readers. The role and significance of the library in educating the masses is noted. The author mentions the ideological component of educational activities of libraries in Soviet Russia. The author speaks about the serious impact of global technological changes that took place in the XXI century and the introduction of digital technologies in library’s activities, and the search for new forms of library’s work. Conclusions were drawn about the direction in which libraries are being transformed as a socio- cultural institution. Author relied on the scientific works of Boris F. Volodin, Alexey G. Glukhov and other researchers in this field, while preparing this article.

De la gestión local a la gobernanza global: actores e interacciones multiniveles en la gestión del agua en la ciudad de México

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-66
Author(s):  
Joyce Valdovinos
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Service Contracts ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The One

The provision of water services has traditionally been considered a responsibility of the state. During the late 1980s, the private sector emerged as a key actor in the provision of public services. Mexico City was no exception to this trend and public authorities awarded service contracts to four private consortia in 1993. Through consideration of this case study, two main questions arise: First, why do public authorities establish partnerships with the private sector? Second, what are the implications of these partnerships for water governance? This article focuses, on the one hand, on the conceptual debate of water as a public and/or private good, while identifying new trends and strategies carried out by private operators. On the other hand, it analyzes the role of the state and its relationships with other actors through a governance model characterized by partnerships and multilevel networks.Spanish La provisión del servicio del agua ha sido tradicionalmente considerada como una responsabilidad del Estado. A finales de la década de 1980, el sector privado emerge como un actor clave en el suministro de servicios públicos. La ciudad de México no escapa a esta tendencia y en 1993 las autoridades públicas firman contratos de servicios con cuatro consorcios privados. A través de este estudio de caso, dos preguntas son planteadas: ¿Por qué las autoridades públicas establecen partenariados con el sector privado? ¿Cuáles son las implicaciones de dichos partenariados en la gobernanza del agua? Este artículo aborda por una parte, el debate conceptual del agua como bien público y/o privado, identificando nuevas tendencias y estrategias de los operadores privados. Por otra parte, se analizan el rol y las relaciones del Estado con otros actores a través de un modelo de gobernanza, definido en términos de partenariados y redes multi-niveles.French Les services de l'eau ont été traditionnellement considérés comme une responsabilité de l'État. À la fin des années 1980, le secteur privé est apparu comme un acteur clé dans la fourniture de certains services publics. La ville de Mexico n'a pas échappé à cette tendance et en 1993, les autorités publiques ont signé des contrats de services avec quatre consortiums privés. À travers cette étude de cas, nous nous interrogerons sur deux aspects : pourquoi les autorités publiques établissentelles des partenariats avec le secteur privé ? Quelles sont les implications de ces partenariats sur la gouvernance de l'eau ? Cet article s'intéresse, d'une part, au débat conceptuel sur l'eau en tant que bien public et/ou privé, en identifiant les tendances nouvelles et les stratégies menées par les opérateurs privés. D'autre part y sont analysés le rôle de l'État et ses relations avec d'autres acteurs à travers un modèle de gouvernance, défini en termes de partenariats, et des réseaux multi-niveaux.

The Fight against Smuggling at the Soviet-Polish Border throughout 1921-1939

2017 ◽  
pp. 192-201
Author(s):  
Roman Kotsan
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Private Capital ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Security Services ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Liability Limitation

The article considers smuggling as economic crime in the Soviet-Polish border in the interwar period. The reasons for smuggling activities are studied and summarized. Range of smuggled goods is shown. The number of arrested smugglers, their nationality, the value of seized goods both from Poland and the Soviet Union are investigated. Smuggling as a political phenomenon in the Soviet-Polish border in 1921-1939 is under study. The use of smugglers by the intelligence agencies of both Poland and the USSR are emphasized. The role of public authorities of both abovementioned countries in the fight against smuggling, namely Border Guard Corps from Poland; border guards, customs, security services and local Soviet authorities on the part of the USSR are studied. The influence of anti smuggling measures (increased criminal liability, limitation of private capital in trade, strengthen of the state borders protection) on its amount decrease is studied. Keywords: State border, smuggling, crime, scouting, Poland, USSR

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