Platelets as potential peripheral markers to study functioning of the high-affinity sodium-dependent glutamate transporters in the nerve terminals of the brain

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
T.A. Borisova ◽  
◽  
L.A. Kasatkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamate Transporters ◽  
Nerve Terminals ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Sodium Dependent ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Peripheral Markers

Differentiation of Substrate and Nonsubstrate Inhibitors of the High-Affinity, Sodium-Dependent Glutamate Transporters

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1095-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans P. Koch ◽  
Michael P. Kavanaugh ◽  
Christopher S. Esslinger ◽  
Noah Zerangue ◽  
John M. Humphrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamate Transporters ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Sodium Dependent

Neuronal High-Affinity Sodium-Dependent Glutamate Transporters (EAATs): Targets for the Development of Novel Therapeutics Against Neurodegenerative Diseases

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 599-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Campiani ◽  
Caterina Fattorusso ◽  
Meri Angelis ◽  
Bruno Catalanotti ◽  
Stefania Butini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Glutamate Transporters ◽  
Novel Therapeutics ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Sodium Dependent

scholarly journals Potential for imaging the high-affinity state of the 5-HT1B receptor: a comparison of three PET radioligands with differing intrinsic activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Lindberg ◽  
Ryosuke Arakawa ◽  
Tsuyoshi Nogami ◽  
Sangram Nag ◽  
Magnus Schou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Intrinsic Activity ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Agonist Affinity States ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract Background Over the last decade, a few radioligands have been developed for PET imaging of brain 5-HT1B receptors. The 5-HT1B receptor is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that exists in two different agonist affinity states. An agonist ligand is expected to be more sensitive towards competition from another agonist, such as endogenous 5-HT, than an antagonist ligand. It is of interest to know whether the intrinsic activity of a PET radioligand for the 5-HT1B receptor impacts on its ability to detect changes in endogenous synaptic 5-HT density. Three high-affinity 11C-labeled 5-HT1B PET radioligands with differing intrinsic activity were applied to PET measurements in cynomolgus monkey to evaluate their sensitivity to be displaced within the brain by endogenous 5-HT. For these experiments, fenfluramine was pre-administered at two different doses (1.0 and 5.0 mg/kg, i.v.) to induce synaptic 5-HT release. Results A dose-dependent response to fenfluramine was detected for all three radioligands. At the highest dose of fenfluramine (5.0 mg/kg, i.v.), reductions in specific binding in the occipital cortex increased with radioligand agonist efficacy, reaching 61% for [11C]3. The most antagonistic radioligand showed the lowest reduction in specific binding. Conclusions Three 5-HT1B PET radioligands were identified with differing intrinsic activity that could be used in imaging high- and low-affinity states of 5-HT1B receptors using PET. From this limited study, radioligand sensitivity to endogenous 5-HT appears to depend on agonist efficacy. More extensive studies are required to substantiate this suggestion.

Monitoring of the velocity of high-affinity glutamate uptake by isolated brain nerve terminals using amperometric glutamate biosensor

Talanta ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Soldatkin ◽  
A. Nazarova ◽  
N. Krisanova ◽  
A. Borуsov ◽  
D. Kucherenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamate Uptake ◽  
Nerve Terminals ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Brain Nerve Terminals

scholarly journals ULTRASTRUCTURAL IDENTIFICATION OF CATECHOLAMINE-CONTAINING CENTRAL SYNAPTIC TERMINALS

1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
FLOYD E. BLOOM
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Terminals ◽  
Synaptic Terminals ◽  
Direct Localization ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Neurotransmitter Substances ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Selective Accumulation ◽  
Peripheral Sympathetic Nervous System

Cytochemical methods for the localization of central catecholamine-containing synaptic terminals have been developed from an extensive foundation of biochemical work and from extrapolation of results on the peripheral sympathetic nervous system. Direct localization of catecholamines in central nerve terminals in some parts of the brain can now be obtained by fixation with permanganates. More broadly applicable, but less direct localizing methods depend upon selective accumulation of tritiated catecholamines for autoradiography or the accumulation of reactive catecholamine congeners which act as markers with conventional fixation. The pattern of acute degenerative changes which result after treatment with 6-hydroxydopamine can also be used to provide an indirect localization of the terminals which had stored catecholamines. When the results of each of the methods are combined, the present techniques indicate that catecholamine-containing terminals in the brain can be identified more confidently than any other system of neurotransmitter substances. Nevertheless, there is considerable need for future cytochemical innovation.

scholarly journals Astroglial glutamate transporters in the brain: Regulating neurotransmitter homeostasis and synaptic transmission

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (11) ◽  
pp. 2140-2151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciaran Murphy-Royal ◽  
Julien Dupuis ◽  
Laurent Groc ◽  
Stéphane H. R. Oliet
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Glutamate Transporters ◽  
The Brain
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