«Ageing» Experiment Gravity effects during space flights upon aging and longevity of the living organisms: modeling the gravity of solar system planets

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 121-121
Author(s):  
V.V. Frol'kis ◽  
◽  
Kh.K. Muradian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Space Flights ◽  
Gravity Effects ◽  
Living Organisms

scholarly journals Simultaneous Exposure of Cultured Human Lymphoblastic Cells to Simulated Microgravity and Radiation Increases Chromosome Aberrations

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakuya Yamanouchi ◽  
Jordan Rhone ◽  
Jian-Hua Mao ◽  
Keigi Fujiwara ◽  
Premkumar B. Saganti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Aberrations ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
Simultaneous Exposure ◽  
Response Data ◽  
Gravity Effects ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Tk6 Cells ◽  
Lymphoblastic Cells ◽  
In Cells

During space travel, humans are continuously exposed to two major environmental stresses, microgravity (μG) and space radiation. One of the fundamental questions is whether the two stressors are interactive. For over half a century, many studies were carried out in space, as well as using devices that simulated μG on the ground to investigate gravity effects on cells and organisms, and we have gained insights into how living organisms respond to μG. However, our knowledge on how to assess and manage human health risks in long-term mission to the Moon or Mars is drastically limited. For example, little information is available on how cells respond to simultaneous exposure to space radiation and μG. In this study, we analyzed the frequencies of chromosome aberrations (CA) in cultured human lymphoblastic TK6 cells exposed to X-ray or carbon ion under the simulated μG conditions. A higher frequency of both simple and complex types of CA were observed in cells exposed to radiation and μG simultaneously compared to CA frequency in cells exposed to radiation only. Our study shows that the dose response data on space radiation obtained at the 1G condition could lead to the underestimation of astronauts’ potential risk for health deterioration, including cancer. This study also emphasizes the importance of obtaining data on the molecular and cellular responses to irradiation under μG conditions.

scholarly journals HUGE QUANTUM GRAVITY EFFECTS IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 2271-2274 ◽  
Author(s):  
DON N. PAGE
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Planetary Motion ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Classical Chaos ◽  
Gravity Effects ◽  
The Galaxy

Normally one thinks of the motion of the planets around the Sun as a highly classical phenomenon, so that one can neglect quantum gravity in the solar system. However, classical chaos in the planetary motion amplifies quantum uncertainties so that they become very large, giving huge quantum gravity effects. For example, evidence suggests that Uranus may eventually be ejected from the solar system, but quantum uncertainties would make the direction at which it leaves almost entirely uncertain, and the time of its exit uncertain by about one quadrillion years. For a time a quadrillion years from now, there are huge quantum uncertainties whether Uranus will be within the solar system, within the galaxy, or even within causal contact of the galaxy.

scholarly journals Seeding the Solar System with Life: Mars, Venus, Earth, Moon, Protoplanets

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-157
Author(s):  
Rhawn G. Joseph ◽  
Olivier Planchon ◽  
Carl H. Gibson ◽  
Rudolph Schild
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Lunar Surface ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Solar Winds ◽  
Ultimate Source ◽  
Galactic Cluster ◽  
Entire Universe ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Microbial Organisms

AbstractIn the space of the entire universe, the only conclusive evidence of life, is found on Earth. Although the ultimate source of all life is unknown, many investigators believe Earth, Mars, and Venus may have been seeded with life when these planets, and the sun, were forming in a galactic cluster of thousands of stars and protoplanets. Yet others hypothesize that while and after becoming established members of this solar system, these worlds became contaminated with life during the heavy bombardment phase when struck by millions of life-bearing meteors, asteroids, comets and oceans of ice. Because bolide impacts may eject tons of life-bearing debris into space, and as powerful solar winds may blow upper atmospheric organisms into space, these three planets may have repeatedly exchanged living organisms for billions of years. In support of these hypotheses is evidence suggestive of stromatolites, algae, and lichens on Mars, fungi on Mars and Venus, and formations resembling fossilized acritarchs and metazoans on Mars, and fossilized impressions resembling microbial organisms on the lunar surface, and dormant microbes recovered from the interior of a lunar camera. The evidence reviewed in this report supports the interplanetary transfer hypothesis and that Earth may be seeding this solar system with life.

scholarly journals Verlinde gravity effects on the orbits of the planets and the Moon in the Solar System

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (13) ◽  
pp. 135007
Author(s):  
Youngsub Yoon ◽  
Luciano Ariel Darriba
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Gravity Effects

scholarly journals Organic molecules in meteorites

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (A29B) ◽  
pp. 411-415
Author(s):  
Zita Martins
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Parent Body ◽  
Early Solar System ◽  
Aqueous Alteration ◽  
Enantiomer Excess ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Exogenous Delivery ◽  
Living Organisms

AbstractThe analysis of the organic content of meteorites provides a window into the conditions of the early solar system, such as the extension of aqueous alteration or thermal metamorphism on the meteorite parent bodies. The analysis of the soluble organic content of CM chondrites indicates that extensive aqueous alteration on their meteorite parent body may result on 1) the decomposition of α-amino acids; 2) synthesis of β- and γ-amino acids; 3) higher relative abundances of alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); and 4) higher L-enantiomer excess (Lee) value of isovaline. Exogenous delivery of organic matter by meteorites may have contributed to the organic inventory of the early Earth, providing a diversity of resources to the first living organisms on Earth and on other places of our solar system where life could have potentially originated.

scholarly journals Rutherford’s extended formula and optimization of the gravity assists beam modelling in the Solar system

2021 ◽  
Vol 2090 (1) ◽  
pp. 012083
Author(s):  
A Grushevskii ◽  
Yu Golubev ◽  
V Koryanov ◽  
A Tuchin ◽  
D Tuchin
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Interplanetary Space ◽  
Coulomb Field ◽  
Gravity Assist ◽  
Space Flights ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Gravitational Scattering ◽  
Gravity Assists ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Α Particles

Abstract Rutherford’s formula for the scattering of charged α-particles in the Coulomb field can be easily generalized to the case of gravitational scattering. The extended Rutherford formula for the gravitational scattering is presented. One of the types of the gravitational scattering in the Solar system is the gravity assist maneuvers. In this paper, an effective gravitational scattering cross-section is introduced by analogy for them and the generalized Rutherford formula for gravitational scattering is presented out when performing gravity assists. Modern methods of the ballistic design of the interplanetary space flights using gravity assist maneuvers around planets [1-3] are associated with the need to calculate a lot of trajectories (i.e. of the phase beams). For their effective use it is necessary to study the structure of non-linear flyby gravitational scattering using the Rutherford’ formula and to construct the corresponding effective modelling using according regularized phase beams. It is shown that with using of such approach, it is possible to significantly increase the efficiency of the recurrent procedure for the gravity assists chains searching for ballistic scenarios of the modern interplanetary flights.

scholarly journals Theory of Origin of Water in the Solar System

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Mammadov Sabir Ahmedovich
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Biological Evolution ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Heat Radiation ◽  
Outer Planets ◽  
Living Organisms

The created cosmogonic theory provides objective solutions to the problems of cosmogony - the origin of the solar system and the mechanism of the emergence of the Earth’s atmosphere and hydrosphere and four giant outer planets during the first stage, the formation of their structure by the reaction of methane and ammonia with oxygen. In the light of modern data from cosmochemistry, geochemistry, and also on the basis of fundamental theoretical research, a previously unknown new phenomenon was discovered that in the Earth’s cores and four giant outer planets there is a constant generation of organogenic chemical elements - hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen as a result of controlled thermonuclear synthesis from helium (inherited by the predecessor of the solar system - a giant star - about 8 billion years after the Big Bang, and this also proves the origin of the Solar system and the mechanism of planetary origin. The weak intensity of thermonuclear processes is a function of the mass of these planets. This is also evidenced by their heat radiation several times more than they receive it from the sun, as well as their high electromagnetic field and the speed of revolution around its axis and endogenous activity), which explains the mechanism of occurrence of methane, ammonia, carbon dioxide and water in their magma and atmosphere during their existence and at the present time, and which also proves the cause of dehydration planet Earth. The history of the origin of life on Earth, previously erased, has been restored - as a result of the occurrence of water in its primary atmosphere and in an acid-water environment with the ozone layer of the atmosphere and as a result of the chemical and biological evolution of amino acids and proteins (based on sequentially organogenic elements arising in its primary atmosphere - hydrogen carbon in the form of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen, as well as methane and ammonia). It has been revealed that there is a constant cycle of water on the planet Earth, that is, on the one hand, there is its consumption for photosynthetic oxygen, on the other hand, it is generated from hydrogen and oxygen and from the reaction of methane and ammonia with oxygen, as well as in the respiration process of living organisms. This explains the mechanisms of the formation of natural phenomena of cyclones, typhoons, volcanoes and earthquakes during the geological history and at present.

The Origin of the Moon

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Ruskol
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solar System ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Origin Of The Moon

The difference between average densities of the Moon and Earth was interpreted in the preceding report by Professor H. Urey as indicating a difference in their chemical composition. Therefore, Urey assumes the Moon's formation to have taken place far away from the Earth, under conditions differing substantially from the conditions of Earth's formation. In such a case, the Earth should have captured the Moon. As is admitted by Professor Urey himself, such a capture is a very improbable event. In addition, an assumption that the “lunar” dimensions were representative of protoplanetary bodies in the entire solar system encounters great difficulties.

The Origin of the Moon and its Relationship to the Origin of the Solar System

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold C. Urey
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Origin Of The Moon

During the last 10 years, the writer has presented evidence indicating that the Moon was captured by the Earth and that the large collisions with its surface occurred within a surprisingly short period of time. These observations have been a continuous preoccupation during the past years and some explanation that seemed physically possible and reasonably probable has been sought.

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