scholarly journals Current state of the macrophytobenthos of the Georgian coast

Algologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-24
Author(s):  
G.G. Minicheva ◽  
◽  
M.S. Tsetskhladze ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Current State ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Macrophyte Biomass

Paper presents first data on seasonal and inter-annual features of macrophytobenthos of the Black Sea coast of Georgia. The study was conducted at four monitoring stations (Sarpi, Cape Zeleny, port Batumi, Tsikhisdziri) in different seasons of 2016–2019. A total of 27 species of macrophytes from the divisions Rhodophyta (13),Chlorophyta (9) and Ochrophyta (5) were identified. Their ecological activity was estimated based on the values of the specific surface of populations. The role of sensitive (S/Wp = 5–25 m2 ∙ m2 ∙ kg-1) and tolerant (S/Wp ≥ 25 m2 ∙ 2 ∙ kg-1) species in relation the quality of the marine environment in the structure benthic communities of macrophytobenthos was analyzed. Of the identified macrophytes, 8 species are classified as sensitive and 19 as tolerant. The largest number of sensitive species was found at Cape Zeleny and Tsihisdziri stations, which indicates a satisfactory ecological condition of these sites. At the Batumi port station, only tolerant species were recorded, which is evidence of a significant anthropogenic load in this area. Representatives of Rhodophyta demonstrated the greatest variability of ecological activity (325%). This allows them inhabit areas with different intensity of the primary production process. A regular relationship between the seasonal dynamics and the absolute values of macrophyte biomass was demonstrated. Communities in satisfactory ecological conditions, with a predominance of sensitive species and high biomass, demonstrate clear seasonal dynamics. The values of macrophyte biomass increase threefold in the spring and summer. Analysis of the year-on-year dynamics of macrophytobenthos along the coast of Georgia showed that 2016 was the most favorable year for macrophytobenthos communities.

scholarly journals Orchids of the Black Sea coast of Krasnodarsky Krai (Russia): current state, new records, conservation

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (Suppl.1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton V. Popovich ◽  
◽  
Elena A. Averyanova ◽  
Lev M. Shagarov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
New Records ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Current State ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Sea Coast

European union and the georgian-abkhaz conflict

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Alexandr S. Krivcov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
The Right ◽  
Settlement Of Disputes ◽  
The Eu

Tensions between various ethnic groups living in Abkhazia, on the Black Sea coast, escalated into violent conflict in 1992-1993. At the heart of the conflict, which broke out along with a number of other conflicts after the collapse of the Soviet Union, lies the contradiction between the principles of territorial integrity and the right of nations to self-determination. This tension was centered around competing historical claims of Georgians and Abkhazians on the territory of Abkhazia. Abkhaz demands for greater autonomy increased when the Soviet Union collapsed. Nationalism spread, tension grew, and in 1992 a 13-month war began. This article assesses how the warring parties perceive the process of Europeanization of their region, as well as the role of the European Union in the conflict around Abkhazia and its possible outcome in the future. It is noted that the efforts made by the EU to facilitate the settlement of disputes on the Georgian-Abkhaz issue are long-standing and multifaceted. However, there is a dissonance between the EU’s strong interest in resolving these conflicts, its strong commitment and its long-standing involvement in promoting such a settlement, and its actual, ineffective contribution to this goal.

The role of the diatom cell form in the competition for light energy

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Aleksey V. Fedorov ◽  
Leonid E. Paramonov ◽  
Vladimir A. Silkin
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Niche ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Diatom Cell ◽  
Diatom Species ◽  
Absorbed Energy ◽  
Cell Form ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Phytoplankton Cell ◽  
Competition For Light

We proposed a new parameter regulating distribution of the species – the daily average absorbed energy of PAR by a unit of phytoplankton cell volume, determined by the shape, size and concentration of pigments. We calculated this parameter for some dominant diatom species of the northeastern part of the Black Sea and normalize it by the average daily PAR for periods of dominance. We established that for species successfully compete for an ecological niche this parameter should be approximately at the same level in different seasons.

Dining in Utopia: A Taste of the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast under Socialism

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Neuburger
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Good Life ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The Good Life ◽  
State Legitimacy ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Food And Drink ◽  
National Cuisine ◽  
Sea Coast

This article explores the ways in which the Bulgarian socialist regime integrated a newly elaborated culture of food and drink into its promises for the “good life” and a utopian future. With a focus on Black Sea coast tourism, it argues that the development of more refined food and drink offerings and public dining venues played a dual role of shaping and serving a modern socialist citizenry. With tourism as a major engine of the Bulgarian economy, catering to Bulgarian, Bloc, and Western tourists meant that creating a gastronomic utopia by the sea was part and parcel of “building” and showcasing socialism. This was intimately tied to bolstering state legitimacy through the provision of leisure and abundance, but also to a newly minted Bulgarian national cuisine. By the late 1970s and 1980s, however, the Black Sea tourist phenomenon both exhibited and exacerbated the problem of growing shortages and hence the deep crisis of the system, which collapsed in 1989.

scholarly journals Beaches of the Black and Azov Seas in the Modern Russian Tourism Industry Structure: Current State and Development Prospects

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.38) ◽  
pp. 646
Author(s):  
Tatiana Aleksandrovna Volkova ◽  
Mikhail Yuryevich Belikov ◽  
Alexander Aleksandrovich Mishchenko ◽  
Vera Vladimirovna Minenkova ◽  
Anatoly Anatolyevich Filobok
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
High Season ◽  
Private Entrepreneurs ◽  
National Trends ◽  
Sea Coast

The state of the tourism industry reflects the level of the tourism development on a certain territory. Over the recent years the tourism industry of the Russian Federation has changed considerably. The Krasnodar Territory as one of the leading tourist regions of the country has general national trends, too. The number of holidaymakers at the Azov-Black Sea coast resorts has grown. Territorial development of the tourist and recreational complex of the Azov-Black Sea coast is characterized by unevenness: a great flow of tourists come to rest on beaches of the Black Sea of the Krasnodar Territory in the high season. It is possible to conditionally divide the beaches of the Black Sea coast in the Krasnodar Territory into five districts. A lot has been done to improve the level of beach service and landscaping. The general condition of beaches depends more on private entrepreneurs renting beaches. 

“Mansurov project” of the Russian Palestine (based on materials from a trip in 1857 to Holy Places)

2019 ◽  
pp. 292-298
Author(s):  
Andrey Allenov
Keyword(s):  
The Black Sea ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Holy Land ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
History Of

We consider the activity of B.P. Mansurov in organizing Russian pilgrimage to the Holy Land. We describe the preparation, course and results of B.P. Mansurov’s trip to the Orthodox East (1857) that largely predetermined the nature of the Russian presence in Palestine. In the framework of this trip, we consider the reasons for creating the joint-stock company “Russian Company of Shipping and Trading”. We reveal that created as an attempt to preserve the presence of Russia on the Black Sea coast, the company set the task to facilitate the movement of Russian pilgrims to Palestine and Athos. By this step, the Russian government intended to increase Russia’s humanitarian influence in the region. We pay attention to B.P. Mansurov’s service instructions in trip to the East, the significance of his work for the publication of the “Guide to the Orthodox Worshiper to Holy Places”, and also Mansurov’s own views on the problem of Russian Orthodox pilgrimage in Palestine. We show that B.P. Mansurov’s program envisaged an increase in the intensity of the steamship communication with Palestine, the acquisition of land and construction of pilgrimage shelters, the erection of temples for the Russian worship. The development issues of Orthodox pilgrimage should be managed through the Russian consulates operating in the Middle East, including in Jerusalem itself. Consideration of results of the journey in 1857 allowed to draw conclusions about the significant role of B.P. Mansurov in the history of the Russian presence in the Holy Land.

Pollution sources identification in the “land-sea” system

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
D. Dachev ◽  
S. Zlatanova
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Data File ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Environmental Status ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
The Impact

It is our opinon that the new scientific thinking and education in the 21st century will increase the significance of the multidisciplinary nature knowledge. The nature of the marine sediments as well as the biochemical features of the littoral organisms appear to be in close relation to the geochemical impact of the coastal onshore. The biogeochemical analysis of the terrestrial and marine biocenosis is still fragmental, without balance between the casual and sequential relationships. Along the Bulgarian Black Sea coast the latter necessitates the geological pattern clarification of the areas south of Bourgas. Even a superficial overview of the geological features of the region highlights the impact of the geochemical anomalies related to Rosen and Zidarovo volcanic apparatuses and intrusions, other ore deposits south and south-west as well. However, the intensive anthropogenic impact on the geochemical haloes should be pointed out in the complex of ecological damage to the coast. Through complementary geoecological studies a significant updating of the knowledge is suggested. The geoecological mapping is needed to present the ratio of the lands saturated with geonoxes, and anthropogenically polluted ones. The new methodology recommended was applied to make the distinction of such lands in the regions of Pirdop and Kardjali. Another key element appears to be the ecologicalÐeconomic characteristics in the offshore-onshore balance. The marine resources will be studied in the alternative context: benefit-damage from the onshore polluters, and the biogeochemical characteristics of the littoral zone. The coastal areas environmental status should make a distinction between the environmentally undamaged, environmentally damaged by nature, anthropogenically damaged and complex damaged lands. Each ecological study or analysis presenting the ecological condition of the environment in a status quo (at a certain moment and at a certain location) is described in this work as a Status Geoecological System. For environmental management and protection of the Black Sea we refer to an indispensable Data File representing the Dynamic Geoecological System.

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