Interactional Effect Of Educational Level And Gender On Public Stigmatization

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Low Sew Kim
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Interactional Effect

scholarly journals Comparing the Socioeconomic Development of G7 and BRICS Countries and Resilience to COVID-19: An Entropy–MARCOS Framework

2021 ◽  
pp. 227853372110154
Author(s):  
Sanjib Biswas ◽  
Shuvendu Majumder ◽  
Suman Kumar Dawn
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Health Research And Development

In this article, we aim to compare the socioeconomic development (SED) of the countries listed in G7 (representing developed nations) and BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa—developing countries). Further, we intend to delve into the nexus between the SED of a country and its resilience to the current pandemic, COVID-19. The initial apprehension is that a country with better SED can show better resilience. To test this assumption, we consider seven socioeconomic indicators representing income, employment status, educational level, health condition, government expenditures in essential areas, like health, research and development, and gender equality and apply a compromise solution–based multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) framework. Next, we consider three parameters, namely infected cases (IC), recovery rate (RR), and death rate (DR), as explanatory proxy variables to indicate the resilience of the countries to COVID-19 spread. Finally, we examine the association between the SED and resilience of the countries. The results show that the SED of a country does not lead to better resilience to COVID-19.

scholarly journals Adolescent Perception of Lowland Rice Farming at Cileungsi Village, Ciawi Subdistrict, Bogor Regency

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 339
Author(s):  
Yoshinta Meilina ◽  
Ratri Virianita
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Adolescent Perceptions ◽  
And Gender

Cileungsi Village, Ciawi Subdistrict, Bogor Regency is one of the potential areas of lowland rice farming. Adolescent of Cileungsi Village as the age of the workforce will be observed for their perceptions in farming. This research aims to identify the characteristics of adolescents and their environment, to analyze adolescent perceptions of lowland rice farming and factors which related with the adolescent of Cileungsi Village perception. The method of this research is survey method. The result obtained by the internal factors (educational level and gender) related with adolescent of the village’s perception (role and work comfort) about lowland rice farming.Keywords:  lowland rice, perception, adolescent--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRAKDesa Cileungsi, Kecamatan Ciawi, Kabupaten Bogor, merupakan salah satu daerah yang memiliki potensi alam yang mendukung untuk pertanian padi sawah. Remaja Desa Cileungsi sebagai salah satu orang dengan usia yang termasuk dalam angkatan kerja, akan diteliti persepsinya terhadap pekerjaan di sektor pertanian padi sawah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik remaja dan karakteristik lingkungan remaja di Desa Cileungsi, menganalisis persepsi remaja Desa Cileungsi terhadap pekerjaan di sektor pertanian padi sawah, dan mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang berhubungan dengan persepsi remaja Desa Cileungsi terhadap pekerjaan di sektor pertanian padi sawah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian survei. Adapun hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu faktor internal (tingkat pendidikan dan jenis kelamin) berhubungan dengan persepsi remaja Desa Cileungsi (dalam hal peranan dan kenyamanan kerja) terhadap pekerjaan di sektor pertanian padi sawah.Kata kunci: padi sawah, persepsi, remaja

scholarly journals Factores externos e internos influyentes en la variación de /θs/ en la ciudad de Sevilla

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juana Santana Marrero
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Proper Noun ◽  
Central Spain ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
North Central ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
And Gender

RESUMEN: El estudio del fonema /θs/ en muestras de habla recientes de la ciudad de Sevilla revelan la convivencia de sus variantes vernáculas divergentes (patrones de seseo, ceceo y jejeo) con realizaciones convergentes (escisión fonemática /s/ → [s] : /θ/ → [θ]). Esta última pauta pone de manifi esto la permeabilidad de rasgos de pronunciación procedentes del español centro-norteño, habitualmente asociado al modelo de prestigio lingüístico. En esta investigación se analizan estos procesos de variación a partir de los materiales de PRESEEA-Sevilla, recopilados entre los años 2009 y 2017. Concretamente, la alternancia de los alófonos se pone en relación con factores externos (nivel educativo, edad y sexo de los informantes de la muestra) y con factores internos (sonidos sibilantes en el entorno silábico cercano y tipo de sustantivo, común o propio). Los resultados revelan los cambios que se están produciendo actualmente en el habla de la capital hispalense, con un avance progresivo del patrón conservador /s/ → [s] : /θ/ → [θ], liderado especialmente por algunos sectores poblacionales como los hablantes con grado de instrucción alta y las mujeres. Por su parte, el tradicional patrón seseante pervive con fuerza entre los sujetos con nivel de estudios bajo, en estrecha lucha con la pauta convergente; el ceceo sigue percibiéndose como una norma minoritaria; y el jejeo queda reducido a casos esporádicos asociados a un número concreto de lexías. Se perciben diferentes grados de inseguridad, en tanto que es habitual que un mismo hablante combine, en distinta proporción, más de una variante en sus intervenciones. Por último, los factores internos no fueron especialmente determinantes, con cierta incidencia de la asimilación progresiva y, en algunos casos, del sustantivo propio.ABSTRACT: The study of the phoneme /θs/ in speaking samples recently taken in Seville reveals the coexistence between its divergent vernacular variants (seseo, ceceo and jejeo patterns) and the convergent realizations (phonemic division /s/ → [s] : /θ/ → [θ]). This aspect indicates a fl exible absorption of the pronunciation characteristics which come from north-central Spain, often associated with the linguistic standard. This investigation compiles a complete analysis of these variation processes included in PRESEEA-Seville corpus, collected between 2009 and 2017. Specifi cally, the alternation of the allophones depends on both extralinguistic factors, such as the informants’ educational level, age and gender; and linguistic parameters as is the case of sibilant sounds connecting with the nearby syllabus, or proper and common nouns. The results show how the spoken Spanish in Seville is constantly changing according to the conservatory patterns /s/ → [s]: /θ/ → [θ], which is led by certain population sectors such as high sociolects and women. As for, the seseo is highly used amongst low sociolects, counteracting with the convergent norm; the ceceo is still conceived as a minority rule; and the jejeo is scarcely associated to a particular number of words. A certain degree of insecurity is observed, in such a way that the same speaker combines, in different proportions, more than just one variant. Finally, the internal factors weren’t quite determinative, excepting the infl uence of the progressive assimilation, and, in some cases, of the proper noun.

On the Use of Intelligent Systems for the Modelling of Financial Literacy Parameters

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-35
Author(s):  
H. Tawfik ◽  
R. Huang ◽  
M. Samy ◽  
A.K. Nagar
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
And Gender

Research has shown that more young people lack good financial literacy and make poor financial decisions. Financial literacy is not only important for individuals, but also for families, financial institutions, and the entire economy. In this paper, artificial neural networks (ANNs) and support vector machines (SVMs) are used as tools to model the financial literacy levels of young university students across Australia and three Western European countries. The goal was to ascertain the students’ level of financial knowledge in relation to the use of credit card and loan facilities based on a number of input parameters such as age, gender and educational level. Sensitivity analysis is applied to determine the relative contribution of each input parameter to the overall financial literacy model. The experiments show that ANNs and SVMs exhibit promising results and capabilities for effectively modeling financial literacy. Our findings indicate that the main determinants of young people’s level of financial literacy include educational level, length of employment, age, and credit card status – in terms of the use of credit card facilities, and gender, living status and credit card status – in terms of the use of loan facilities.

scholarly journals Credit risk estimate using internal explicit knowledge

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdallah Al-Shawabkeh ◽  
Rama Kanungo
Keyword(s):  
Credit Risk ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Financial Information ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Degree Level ◽  
Loan Amount

Jordanian banks traditionally use a set of indicators, based on their internal explicit knowledge to examine the credit risk caused by default loans of individual borrowers. The banks are reliant on the personal and financial information of the borrowers, obtained by knowing them, often referred as internal explicit knowledge. Internal explicit knowledge characterizes both financial and non-financial indicators of individual borrowers, such as; loan amount, educational level, occupation, income, marital status, age, and gender. The authors studied 2755 default or non-performing personal loan profiles obtained from Jordanian Banks over a period of 1999 to 2014. The results show that low earning unemployed borrowers are very likely to default and contribute to non-performing loans by increasing the chances of credit risk. In addition, it is found that the unmarried, younger borrowers and moderate loan amount increase the probability of non-performing loans. On the contrary, borrowers employed in private sector and at least educated to a degree level are most likely to mitigate the credit risk. The study suggests improving the decision making process of Jordanian banks by making it more quantitative and dependable, instead of using only subjective or judgemental based understanding of borrowers.

scholarly journals Gender effect on classroom management skills and competencies of teachers: A meta-analysis study

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1543
Author(s):  
Ali Erden ◽  
Ali Erden ◽  
Tufan Aytaç ◽  
Tufan Aytaç ◽  
Hale Erden
Keyword(s):  
Classroom Management ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
School Type ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Moderator Analysis ◽  
And Gender

This study aims at determining the effect sizes of perceptions and opinions of teachers regarding classroom management skills and competencies according to their gender. 19 journal articles out of 28 journal articles specializing on teachers’ classroom management skills and competencies in Turkey downloaded from the national thesis archives of Higher Education Institution appropriate to inclusion criteria are included in the study. Also, moderators which could not be included to the assessment of primary researches as publication type, publication year, region where study conducted, educational level, school type, scale type, branches of the teachers and gender of the researcher moderators were analyzed as variables. As a result, according to fixed effects model (d=0,149) and random effects model (d=0,133) in favor of female teachers, effect size was statistically significant. Moderator analysis revealed that publication type (p=0,001), type of scale (either ready or improved) (p=0,049) and validity and reliability studies (p=0,008) were found as moderators. Furthermore, effect sizes of researches showed that gender awareness included a continuing tendency over the years. Moderator analysis showed that school type (p=0,054), educational level (p=0,477), region where research was conducted (p=0,075), teachers’ branches (p=0,257) and gender of the researchers were not considered as moderators. As a result, it is recommended not to use gender as an important independent variable in studies in relation to teachers’ perceptions and opinions on classroom management skills and competencies.

scholarly journals Wykształcenie par a (bez)dzietność w Polsce

2017 ◽  
pp. 71-96
Author(s):  
Beata Osiewalska
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Low Educated ◽  
Different Levels

Education is one of the most important determinants of fertility. The vast majority of previous research on the effect of educational level on reproductive behavior concerns women, while a couple perspective on fertility, although seems natural, is often omitted. Couples’ fertility might be influenced by individual (absolute) characteristics of both partners as well as by their joint (relative) characteristics. The aim of this study is to analyse childlessness and fertility by couples’ educational profile which is a combination of both partners’ educational levels. Different levels of educational exogamy are considered. Based on the two waves of Polish Generations and Gender Survey (GGS-PL) couples who completed their reproduction as well as those who are still in their reproductive ages are analysed. Among homogamous profiles the level of education negatively influences couples fertility, which means that highly educated have the lowest number of children. However, the level of (definite) childlessness is one of the highest among those who are low educated. Family size of heterogamous unions are similar among older generations, but for younger couples hypogamy limits the number of children as compared to hypergamy. This finding suggest that young couples in which women are more educated than their partners encounter more difficulties in combing work and family than unions in which a man is more educated than a woman.

scholarly journals Prevalence of psychosocial problems in children with and without epilepsy: A comparative cross-section study.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 557-563
Author(s):  
Erum Afzal ◽  
Waqas Imran Khan ◽  
Mohammad Khalid Iqbal ◽  
Kausar Aftab ◽  
Tanveer Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epileptic Children ◽  
Group A ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Group B

Objectives: To compare the prevalence of psychosocial problems in children with and without epilepsy. Study Design: Comparative Cross Sectional study. Settings: The Children’s Hospital and The Institute of Child Health Multan (CH & ICH). Period: July 2019 to December 2019. Material & Methods: Fifty-nine patients of either gender, 5 -12 years of age, diagnosed as Epilepsy were included in group A. For the group B the patient of same number, age and gender without epilepsy visiting the general outpatient department of the hospital with acute illness were included. The children having known psychiatric disorder, and intellectual disability were excluded. Educational level of parents, socioeconomic status, Time of onset, type, outcome of epilepsy, number of antiepileptic medicines used and EEG findings were noted. Intelligence Quotient of each patient was calculated. A Pediatric Symptom Checklist was used for psychosocial problems in all children. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Result: Out of 118 patients (59 in group A and 59 in group B), 68% (n=73) were male. Mean age of the participants was 10.2years (st dev.±11.1). Patients age ranging between 5-9 years constituted 32% (n=38) while 68% (n=80) were more than 9 to 12 years. Most of the children belonged to low socioeconomic status 66% (n=78). Educational level of parents was below matric in 67.8% (n=80) and 32.2% (n=38) were above matric. In Group A 64.41% (n=38) patients had generalized tonic clonic type of epilepsy, 28.81% (n=17) partial/focal type and 3.39% (n= 2) myoclonic type. In 42% (n=52) of patient’s epilepsy was controlled while in 58% (n=7) patients it was uncontrolled. Psychosocial problems were detected in 59.3% (n=35) patients in epileptic group A while in 23.7% (n=14) in non-epileptic group B. Single use of antiepileptic was important factor causing psychosocial problems in epileptic children. Conclusion: Psychosocial problems are more common in Epileptic children, so psychological evaluation and management must be integral part of their therapy.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of superiority and inferiority complexes of Ukrainians

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Lyudmyla Kolisnyk ◽  
Đorđe Čekrlija ◽  
Bogdan Kalagurka
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Life Choices ◽  
Central Concept ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Adlerian Theory ◽  
Inferiority Complex ◽  
And Gender

Introduction: The central concept of the Adlerian theory of personality is the feeling of inferiority, which main function is to activate compensatory processes that make a person want to improve, grow and overcome their perceived weakness (Adler, 1989). The evidence of such processes is the life choices of people in the sphere of education and occupation. Purpose: The main purpose of the present work is to highlight the study results of inferiority and superiority complexes peculiarities of Ukrainians, their relation to the education and occupation choices. Methodology: The study sample included 449 subjects (282 females, 168 male) between 17 and 85 years old (M=32,96, SD = 13.299). Subjects were recruited from the general population by students who participated in the data collection. Participation in the study was voluntary and anonymous. Inferiority and superiority complexes were assessed using Adlerian inferiority (COMPIN) and superiority (SUCOMP) complex shortened scales (Čekrlija et al., 2017); socio-demographic variables such as gender, age, education and occupation were included. Results: Results show that approximately 70% of respondents have an average level of inferiority and superiority complexes. There is no significant correlation between the mentioned complexes and gender, but there is a negative correlation between the inferiority complex and age (r=.187). The younger Ukrainians are the more intensive inferiority complex they have. Occupation correlates negatively with the inferiority complex (r=.-120) and positively with the superiority complex (r=. 119). The more intensive superiority complex is, the higher positions occupy the respondents. Only inferiority complex correlates negatively with a level of education (r=.-160). People with higher education have less intensive inferiority complex. Conclusion: In sum, it is peculiar to Ukrainians to overcome inferiority complex with age. The intensity of their inferiority and superiority complexes doesn’t depend on gender. Ukrainians who occupy the high positions have a lower inferiority complex and higher superiority complex. People with low educational level have inferiority complex propensity

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