Long Term Ground Leases and the Redevelopment Option the Case of Transition Economies

1998 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economies ◽  
Ground Leases

Globalisation and Equity Issues in Post-socialist Transition Economies

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-296
Author(s):  
G. W. Kolodko
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economies ◽  
World Market ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Equity Issues ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Rich

Equity issues in policymaking are difficult to resolve because they are linked not only to the economic situation but also to social constraints and political conflicts within a country. This is even more true in the case of post-socialist economies during their transition to a market system in the era of globalisation. The historical and irreversible process of liberalisation and integration of capital, goods and services, and labour markets into one world market, as well as the gradual construction of new institutions and the process of privatisation cause a significant shift in the income pattern of post-socialist emerging markets. Contrary to expectations, inequality increases affecting the standard of living and long-term growth. While globalisation contributes to the long-term acceleration of economic growth and offers a chance for many countries and regions to catch up with more advanced economies, it results in growing inequality both between the countries and within them. On average, the standard of living increases, but so does the gap between the rich and the poor. Therefore, equality issues should always be of concern to policymakers, especially in the early years of the change of regime in post-socialist transition economies.

scholarly journals FDI in the Post-Soviet Space Three Decades after the Disintegration of the Soviet Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 30-60
Author(s):  
K. Kalotay ◽  
A. Sulstarova
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Outward Fdi ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The former Soviet Union disintegrated three decades ago. That momentous 1991 was not only the starting point for independence of the countries of the post-Soviet space but also the starting point for their transformation from centrally planned economy to capitalism, often with local specificities. At the moment of writing this article aiming at analysing the long-term, structural characteristics of inward and outward foreign direct investment (FDI), these 12 economies are facing new COVID-19-related challenges, different from the problems of transformation undertaken in the past decades. After a brief literature survey, in which the main issues raised by academic research are highlighted, the article analyses the long-term trends and the main characteristics (geographical and sectoral) of FDI, with special reference to greenfield project announcements from 2003 on (the starting year of data availability). It also explores how much economic development was based on either attracting inward or promoting outward FDI or both. The performance of the 12 post-Soviet economies is controlled against the performance of other transition economies such as the Baltic States, South-East Europe and/or the Visegrad Group. The article concludes that indeed efforts towards using inward or outward FDI for development has been modest, even if in inflows one can observe some convergence with the other transition economies, which have been relying more wittingly using FDI for their development.

The provision of long-term financing in the transition economies

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Tasić ◽  
Neven Valev
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economies

scholarly journals Foreign Direct Investment and growth in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (271) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Sapienza
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Capital Inflow ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Know How

The argument that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) plays a significant role in promoting growth has provided support for the policy stance emerged since the end of the 80s, when the majority of developing and transition countries started to introduce measures to liberalise trade and to create a favourable climate for FDI , adopting in many cases frameworks designed to attract foreign investors. FDI, in fact, is sonsidered an important source of growth and financing for developing and transition economies as it supplements inadequate domestic resources to finance both ownership change and capital formation and helps to replace large amounts of obsolete capital accumulated during years of central planning. Moreover FDI, as stable long-term capital inflow, is also perceived as a catalyst of growth since it could bring technology, managerial know-how and skills necessary for restructuring firms and help local enterprises to expand into foreign markets.

Local Economic Development in Transition Economies

2020 ◽  
pp. 522-539
Author(s):  
József Káposzta ◽  
Krisztián Ritter ◽  
Henrietta Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Spatial Processes ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Endogenous Potentials ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

There are significant inequalities in development both within and over the borders of countries, in addition, urban and rural areas show significant differences in the level of development. The reason for the occurrence of spatial discrepancies is that the economic and social processes are always restructured in space and time and such processes are even accelerated by the globalization. In order to get precise and realistic picture about territorial processes, it is worth to learn the spatial processes that have already happened as well as their impacts on the spatial structure, since these may enable the regions to break out from the disadvantaged situation. In such a multivariable system, the development strategies need to be built on the endogenous potentials and own strengths of the regions. The aim of this chapter is to highlight the importance of local values and local conditions in the sustainable rural development, thus emphasizing the importance of localization in long-term progress. The chapter puts emphasis on the characteristics and features of transition countries.

Variable Rental Provisions in Long Term Ground Leases

1972 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 625
Author(s):  
Neil S. Hecht
Keyword(s):  
Ground Leases

scholarly journals The Relationship between Public Expenditures and Economic Growth in Transition Economies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Batuhan Tufaner
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Cointegration Tests ◽  
Causality Tests ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

The effect of public expenditures on economic growth gained importance, especially after the First World War. In this study, the effect of public expenditures on economic growth was analyzed using data from the 1996-2017 period for 12 Transition Economies (Azerbaijan, Belarus, Armenia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan) in the transition period. In this context, the relationship between public expenditures and economic growth is investigated by applying unit root test, short and long term cointegration tests and causality tests. According to the results of the analysis, there is a long-term negative cointegration relationship between public expenditures and economic growth. However, there is a two-way causal relationship between public expenditures and economic growth.

scholarly journals Institutions, Policies and Growth

2004 ◽  
pp. 35-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kolodko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Actual Growth ◽  
New Institutions ◽  
Production Dynamics

Growth factors and the causes of disparities between the potential and actual growth rates are considered in the article. Issues pertaining to the interaction between the structure and functioning of market economy institutions as well as the policy followed within their framework with an accent on the experience of the transition economies are analyzed. The necessity of learning in the process of mastering new institutions is stressed. Special attention is paid to the analysis of gray sector in politics. Requirements to effective economic policy accounting for consequences for long-term production dynamics are formulated.

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