scholarly journals Vocabulary size of an adult Lithuanian native speaker

2019 ◽  
pp. 154-181
Author(s):  
Karolina Andriuškevičiūtė ◽  
Loreta Vilkienė
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Vocabulary Size ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Two Age Groups

This paper aims to answer the question about the vocabulary size of an adult native speaker of the Lithuanian language and to check which sociolinguistic factors have a significant impact on the size of the vocabulary. The material for this study consists of 132 responses given to a sociolinguistic survey and a vocabulary size test. The data was analysed using the statistical R-Studio program. T-test and regression analysis were also applied in the research. Participants of the study were divided into two age groups (the younger and the older) as the adult age range is very broad. In total, the younger group consisted of 68 participants: 31 females and 37 males. The average age of this group is about 22. The older group consisted of 64 participants: 30 females and 34 males. The average age of this group is about 49. The study has revealed that the vocabulary of a younger native speaker (about 22 years old) is about 57,490 words and that the vocabulary size varies between 42,021 and 72,703 words. It has been found that the vocabulary of an older native speaker (about 49 years old) is about 60,770 and that the vocabulary size varies between 46,690 and 76,705 words. Regression analysis data shows that such factors as education, knowledge of foreign languages and reading fiction have a significant impact on the size of vocabulary. The study has also revealed that the size of the vocabulary is significantly larger for participants with a Master’s degree. Furthermore, the vocabulary size is larger for those individuals who know several languages which may not necessarily share any vocabulary with the Lithuanian language. Regression analysis data also indicates that reading fiction can significantly influence the size of vocabulary and that the vocabulary is larger for those participants who read sometimes, often or daily. It must be noted that the sample of participants in this study is relatively small, so all the findings and insights need to be verified by expanding the study groups.

scholarly journals On a System Modelling a Population with Two Age Groups

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongliang Gao ◽  
Ruyun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Principal Eigenvalue ◽  
Linear Part ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
First Order ◽  
Existence And Nonexistence ◽  
Linearized System ◽  
Two Age Groups

A system of first order ordinary differential equations describing a population divided into juvenile and adult age groups is studied. The system is not cooperative but its linear part is, and this makes it possible to establish the existence and nonexistence results of positive solutions for the system in terms of the principal eigenvalue of the corresponding linearized system.

scholarly journals Harmonies and tensions in Chinese intergenerational communication

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Bing Zhang ◽  
Mary Lee Hummert
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Intergenerational Communication ◽  
Communication Behaviors ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Two Age Groups

This study examined interview accounts of intergenerational communication from twenty younger adults (M age = 24.05; Age range: 19 to 33) and thirteen older adults (M age = 67.10; Age range: 62 to 72) in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). The interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed into Chinese. Meaningful descriptions of intergenerational communication were then translated to English. Using an emergent theme analysis approach, we identified themes that fell into three broad areas: 1) positive intergenerational communication behaviors, 2) negative intergenerational behaviors, and 3) ideal intergenerational communication. The analysis also revealed that some themes of the two age groups were congruent (e.g., the mutual endorsement of filial piety), while others were incongruent with each other (e.g., disagreement on perceptions on equality and superiority). Themes are compared to descriptions of intergenerational communication found in research within Western cultures. Themes are also discussed in relation to cross-cultural intergenerational research, the Communication Predicament of Aging model, and the changing Chinese economic and political system.

Developing Size Specifications of 3D Body Models for Males Aged between 7 and 18

2012 ◽  
Vol 605-607 ◽  
pp. 156-165
Author(s):  
Young Lim Choi
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Body Measurement ◽  
Detailed Measurement ◽  
Representative Element ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Two Age Groups ◽  
Height Factor

This study aims to set the size ranges for male human body aged between 7 and 18, and to develop detailed body measurement criteria for each size. For that purpose, total 31 items were selected from the references of 5th SizeKorea Survey to carry out a statistical analysis, and they included 11 items for height, 15 for circumference and 15 items for length. Through the factorial analysis of those 31 items for body measurement, two dominant factors of obesity and height could be extracted as representative elements for body types. The circumference of waist was designated as the representative element for obesity factor, and the height as the representative element for height factor, and the size ranges were set to 3cm and 5cm intervals each for waste circumference and height. With two age groups of 7-12 and 13-18, the waste circumference and the height were cross-analyzed to decide high frequency sections, and based on this, the size ranges for 3D model development were decided. Lastly, detailed measurement specifications according to size ranges were developed through regression analysis. In this regression analysis, the circumference of waist was put as independent variable and the height as dependent variable. As a result, it was proved in this study that the circumference of waste was a strong element to explain obesity factor, and the height was to explain height factor in body measurement, and size specifications were developed according to different size ranges.

scholarly journals PROMET: the effect of age on patient outcomes in non-laser transvenous lead extraction

EP Europace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Akhtar ◽  
A Elbatran ◽  
CT Starck ◽  
L WM Leung ◽  
M Sohal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Lead Extraction ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Patient Age ◽  
Patient Âgé ◽  
Two Age Groups

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. OnBehalf PROMET group Background Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) improve morbidity and mortality. This has fuelled an upsurge in implantation of these devices across all patient cohorts, simultaneously increasing the need for transvenous lead extractions (TLE). As the global population expands and life-expectancy extends, TLE will play a significant role in CIED management. Advancing patient age is a recognised risk factor for poor outcomes however the association between patient age and TLE outcomes remains unclear.  We sought to evaluate the relationship between patient age and non-laser TLE outcomes. Method Data of 2205 patients (3849 leads) was collected retrospectively from six high-volume TLE institutes across Europe (PROMET) between January 2005-December 2018. Propensity 1:1 score matching was performed to limit the effects of confounding variables, pairing 353 patients in the >80 years of age category with 353 patients in <80 years of age group. Procedural outcomes were compared between the two age groups and multivariate regression analysis was used for predictors of 30-day mortality. Results In the <80 and >80 years-of-age cohorts, there was a similar proportion of male patients (65.3% vs 67.9%, p = 0.47) treated under general anaesthesia (96.5% vs 93.4%, p = 0.078) for a pre-dominant infectious indication (56.7% vs 60.3%, p = 0.52) but with a higher requirement of the EvolutionTM sheath in the octogenarians (39.4% vs 48.4%, p = 0.015). A similar clinical success per lead was achieved between the two age groups (96.6% vs 98%, <80 vs >80 years, p = 0.245) as was complete lead extraction (95.5% vs 96.6%, <80 vs >80 years, p = 0.44) with a comparable minor complication rate (2.3% vs 3.1%, <80 vs >80 years, p = 0.29) and major complications (1.1% vs 1.4%, <80 vs >80 years, p = 0.74). Thirty-day mortality was higher in the octogenarian cohort than the <80-year-olds without reaching statistical significance (5.4% vs 2.6%, p = 0.08); peri-procedural mortality was similar in both age groups (0.3% vs 0.6%, respectively, p = 0.56). Multivariate regression analysis revealed age (p = 0.013, OR 1.06 [1.01-1.12]), systemic infection (p = 0.026, OR 3.4 [1.16-10.35]) and lead dwell time (p = 0.007, OR 1.01 [1.003-1.017]) increased the odds of 30-day mortality. Conclusion Transvenous lead extraction is similar in efficacy and safety across all age groups. Thirty-day mortality is higher in the advanced age group, signifying the importance of post-procedural management in this cohort.

Attitudes toward Youth as a Function of Adult Age: A Multivariate Study in Intergenerational Dynamics

1973 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur G. Cryns ◽  
Abraham Monk
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Youth Groups ◽  
Elderly Males ◽  
The Social ◽  
Age Range

This study explores the social attitudes of three groups of adult males-young adult, middle-aged, and elderly-toward three, present-day youth groups (young people today, our boys in Vietnam, college students). Utilizing a semantic differential measure of attitude and testing for adult age group differences in attitudes toward the young, the study establishes that young adults are least accepting of youth, that elderly males are most accepting, and that middle-aged males assume an intermediate position between the other two age groups. These results suggest that acceptance of youth is a linearly increasing function of age. It was further observed that the subjects of this study, irrespective of their position on the adult age range, are significantly more positively inclined toward the young military in Vietnam than they are toward the generalized young or to college students. The latter receive the least favorable attitudinal ratings. The authors discuss a number of possible interpretations of the results obtained.

scholarly journals Adolescent Social Anxiety and Substance Use: The Role of Susceptibility to Peer Pressure

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke W. Blöte ◽  
Anne C. Miers ◽  
P. Michiel Westenberg
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Socially Anxious ◽  
Two Age Groups

The aim of this study was to further our understanding of the link between social anxiety and substance use in adolescents, in particular the role susceptibility to peer pressure plays in this link. The relation between social anxiety and susceptibility to peer pressure was studied in two community samples (n=534 and n=117) each consisting of two age groups (12-13 and 15–17 years). The relation of these two variables with substance use was evaluated in the second sample using regression analysis. Social anxiety was related to susceptibility to peer pressure in both groups and not related to substance use in the younger group and negatively related to substance use in the older group. Susceptibility to peer pressure acted as a suppressor in the relation between social anxiety and substance use. Results suggest that socially anxious adolescents basically avoid substance use but, if susceptible, may yield to peer pressure and start using substances. Parents, teachers, and therapists should be aware of this susceptibility to possibly negative peer pressure of socially anxious adolescents.

Distribution of cerebellar tonsil position: implications for understanding Chiari malformation

2013 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 812-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon W. Smith ◽  
Jennifer Strahle ◽  
J. Rajiv Bapuraj ◽  
Karin M. Muraszko ◽  
Hugh J. L. Garton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Chiari Malformation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Cerebellar Tonsil ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Essentially Normal ◽  
Age Range

Object Prior attempts to define normal cerebellar tonsil position have been limited by small numbers of patients precluding analysis of normal distribution by age group. The authors' objective in the present study was to analyze cerebellar tonsil location in every age range. Methods Two thousand four hundred patients were randomly selected from a database of 62,533 consecutive patients undergoing MRI and were organized into 8 age groups. Magnetic resonance images were directly examined for tonsil location, morphology, and other features. Patients with a history or imaging findings of posterior fossa abnormalities unrelated to Chiari malformation (CM) were excluded from analysis. The caudal extent of the cerebellar tonsils was measured at the midsagittal and lowest parasagittal positions. Results The mean tonsil height decreased slightly with advancing age into young adulthood and increased with advancing age in the adult age range. An increasing age in the adult age range was associated with a decreased likelihood of a tonsil position 5 mm or more below the foramen magnum (p = 0.0004). In general, the lowest tonsil position in each age group was normally distributed. Patients with pegged morphology were more likely to have a tonsil location at least 5 mm below the foramen magnum (85%), as compared with those having intermediate (38%) or rounded (2%) morphology (p < 0.0001). Female sex was associated with a lower mean tonsil position (p < 0.0001). Patients with a lower tonsil position also tended to have an asymmetrical tonsil position, usually lower on the right (p < 0.0001). Conclusions Cerebellar tonsil position follows an essentially normal distribution and varies significantly by age. This finding has implications for advancing our understanding of CM.

scholarly journals Polypharmacy and major adverse events in atrial fibrillation

EP Europace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Tsagkaris ◽  
A Kartas ◽  
A Samaras ◽  
A Papazoglou ◽  
D Moysidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Funding Sources

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Polypharmacy has been defined as the daily use of more than 4 drugs, by an individual, regardless of the condition(s) they have been prescribed for and their efficacy. The burden of polypharmacy pertains to adverse drug reactions, disability, frequent and longtime hospitalization and long-term mortality. The prevalence of polypharmacy exceeds 10% in most adult age groups and particularly in the elderly. At the same time, atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent sustained cardiac arrhythmia, afflicting more than 8% of the elderly and those with multiple comorbidities. Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the presence of polypharmacy and outcomes among AF patients. Methods This is a retrospective analysis among 1140 patients enrolled in the MISOAC-AF trial. All cause- and cardiovascular- mortality have been defined as primary endpoints. Independent clinical predictors of polypharmacy and of major adverse outcomes were identified via bootstrapped multivariate logistic and Cox regression analysis, respectively. Results The mean number of prescribed medications at patients’ discharge was 3.9 ± 1.6 and polypharmacy (use of more than 4 medications daily) was found in 36.9% of the patients. Smoking (p = 0.036), dyslipidemia (p &lt; 0.001), coronary artery disease (p &lt; 0.001), heart failure (HF; p = 0.003) and chronic kidney disease (p &lt; 0.001) were independent predictors of polypharmacy among AF paients. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that AF patients with polypharmacy have significantly greater risk of CV death (p = 0.040), while Cox regression analysis indicated polypharmacy as an independent predictor for all-cause and CV- mortality [adjusted hazard ratios: 1.31(1.03 - 1.67) and 1.39(1.05 - 1.84), respectively] and for the composite outcome of AF- or HF- related hospitalization or CV death [adjusted hazard ratio: 1.31 (1.05 - 1.63)]. Conclusion This study highlights the implications of polypharmacy in the context of AF, a prevalent, chronic, life-threatening condition. Investigating polypharmacy is quite relevant in the era of pharmacovigilance, contributing to rational pharmacotherapy with regard to cardiovascular conditions and beyond. Abstract Figure. Mortality rates by polypharmacy presence

Concordance of Glucose-Based and of HbA1c-Based Diagnoses of Diabetes in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease—A Comparison between Two Age Groups

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1522-P
Author(s):  
CHRISTOPH H. SAELY ◽  
ALEXANDER VONBANK ◽  
CHRISTINE HEINZLE ◽  
DANIELA ZANOLIN ◽  
BARBARA LARCHER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Artery Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Two Age Groups

Employing Gamma Ray Irradiated Giardia lamblia as Trialed Vaccine in Experimental Animal

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Kamil Abdul Sada ◽  
Amany Mohamed Al-Kaysi
Keyword(s):  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Gamma Irradiated

This is an experimental trial to prepare a vaccine from gamma-irradiated Giardia lamblia which is evaluated in experimental animals. The study was conducted from December 2015 to April 2016. The field survey of the parasite was conducted from those patients attending the laboratories of the Alawi Children's Hospital in Rusafa and the Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Karkh, through which 1250 stool samples of different age groups were examined. Five groups of mice were used in the study; the first was injected with normal saline and considered as a negative control group, the second was injected with cystic form of non-irradiated Giardia lamblia and considered as a positive control group, whereas the other three groups were injected with gamma irradiated Giardia lamblia at three different doses 10, 15 and 25 rad respectively. Giardia lamblia was primarily cultivated in liver infusion agar for ten days to obtain the active phase. On the sixth day, the cystic phase was purified and standardized to be used in the infection of mice with or without the exposure of gamma rays. Mice showed high sensitivity to parasitic infestation, in the gamma non-irradiated and the irradiated with gamma 10 rad, and 15 rad irradiated groups which was 100%. The results expressed an excystation process of the depleted phases and the release of the feeder phases. The results of the three irradiated groups consisted of histopathological changes of the small, and the rectum by dissection after two weeks of infection, with intestine amputation lesions, as well as ulceration and inflammation of the inflammatory cells represented in small numbers of neutrophil, lymphocytes, and eosinophils. The presence of ulceration and fall of epithelial cells in the intestinal cavity has been shown, and different forms of the parasite have been observed. Mice which was injected with irradiated G lamblia at high dose (25 rad), not show and sensitivity to the challenge infection and no excystation of thy parasite had been done. After 2 wreaks, a comparison was achieved between all study groups in which no histopathological changes were noticed in the mice irradiated with dose of25 rad. After another two weeks, a challenge dose was given (un-attenuated G lamblia) and mice were dissected after another two weeks, no changes on the level of histopathology of intestinal tissue were noticed the results suggested that mice acquire an immunity against the parasite infection.

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