scholarly journals Informaciniai santykių mainų aspektai

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 14-29
Author(s):  
Tomas Rytel
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Marketing Management ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Know How ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
A Company

Šio straipsnio tikslas – atskleisti informacijos ir komunikacijos elementų svarbą šiuolaikinėje marketingo vadyboje, informaciją suvokiant kaip esminį mainų atributą, kuris skatina sandoriais (angl. transaction) grindžiamus mainus keisti santykių (angl. relationship) mainais. Šis aprašomojo pobūdžio tyrimas yra atliktas pasitelkiant mokslinės santykių marketingo literatūros šaltinių apžvalgos ir hipotetinio pobūdžio interpretacijomis grindžiamus mokslinės kūrybos metodus. Straipsnyje siekiama pagrįsti hipotezę, jog santykių mainai tarp įmonės ir vartotojo pasireiškia kaip informacijos ir komunikacijos procesų nulemta veikla, kuria mažinamas pažinimo disonansas, užtikrinamas saugumo jausmas, emocinis pasitenkinimas informacijos turiniu ir kiekiu. Santykių mainai nagrinėjami informacijos ir komunikacijos aspektais, siekiant atskleisti jų svarbą marketingo vadyboje. Informacija interpretuojama kaip esminė šiuolaikinės marketingo vadybos kategorija, nuo kurios valdymo priklauso būsima mainų tarp įmonės ir vartotojo forma bei mainų trukmė. Kintančio sociumo kontekste marketingas gali būti apibrėžiamas kaip informacijos procesų nulemta veikla, kuri leidžia didinti žinojimą apie rinką ir joje veikiančius dalyvius, šias žinias naudojant vertybiniams vartotojų bruožams nustatyti ir jomis remiantis kurti vertę rinkoje.Reikšminiai žodžiai: informacijos valdymas, komunikacija, dialogas, santykiai, socialinis emocinis ryšys.Informational aspects of relationship exchange in marketingTomas Rytel SummaryThe article aims at rationalizing a hypothesis that exchange of relations between a company and a user occurs as an activity conditioned by informational and communicational processes, which reduces cognitive dissonance and guarantees the feeling of safety and emotional satisfaction in terms of the content and amount of information. Information is interpreted as a basic category of modern marketing management, which influences the future swap between a company and a user as well as the duration of exchanges. Needs of current users may be approached as natural demand of a person for information, materialization of which in terms of content and amount enables to reduce cognitive dissonance in market exchanges. By applying postmodernistic discourse in the context of marketing management, the basic factor generating market-based exclusiveness and competitiveness (or an element of the value-establishing chain) is the know-how, and the main resource is information; thus, from the economic point of view, success or failure of any kind of business depends not on its production efficiency, but on the ability to involve the creative potential and know-how. An increasing need for brands and symbols in marketing prompts to satisfy individual expectations of users in terms of the content and amount of information. Users in today’s market are being governed by a great number of rapidly changing symbols which are being created in terms of the content and amount of information.The performed research has confirmed that relationship exchange is being generated as an activity determined by information and communication, which may change even the very conception of marketing management. The scientific problem discussed in the paper effectuates the following conclusions:1. Relations are being interpreted as an activity determined by verbal and non-verbal communication, which stimulate information spread, en courage a user to trust a company, minimize the search of alternatives, and increase loyalty towards a company, its products / services or brand name.2. Relationship exchanges appeal to the maximally individual relationship between a user and a company, which may occur only in the presence of the feeling of reliability and obligation, which is being generated as permanent phenomena of information exchange. These facts act as the basis for interpreting information and communication as a significant category of exchanges, which under participation in the process of exchange is likely to reduce formal separation and to increase the interdependence in terms of fellow-feeling.3. Relations are being generated on the emotional basis which is established according to the social-economic features of exchange. The mentioned features of exchange occur when swapping not material objects, but those involving the informational features.4. Bilateral communication is being developed, which discloses exchange as the process of information and know-how exchange capable of turning the interrelation between a company and a user into a relationship.5. Information and know-how turn into commodity which is a value for a company and a user. Information and know-how in the modern market ensure an organic link between a company and a user and serve for the development of relations, for exchanges based on relationship, reducing formal divides, determining a communication.Key words: information management, communication, dialogue, relationship.

scholarly journals USING THE METHOD OF SEQUENTIAL RESTRICTIONS FOR SOLVING A DUAL-OBJECTIVE PROBLEM OF PRODUCTION PLANNING

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia Dovha ◽  
◽  
Hryhorii Tsehelyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Production Plan ◽  
Optimal Production ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Maximum Profit

The processes of optimization of the production plan according to certain criteria by modeling were investigated. Achieving effective results directly depends on the optimal production plan. The most important thing in determining the optimal production plan is the choice of modeling criteria. For the most part, the quality of decisions is characterized not by one but by many incomparable criteria. Therefore, it is necessary to make decisions based not on one but on many criteria. This so-called multi-objective optimization problem. For solving such problems is widely used mathematical methods. Mathematical approach can be used to solve problems in any particular activity as mathematics abstracted from specific features characteristic of a particular solution. Therefore, from the point of view of mathematics, the optimal result can be obtained with various established criteria, but from the economic point of view it is important to choose the ones that are of decisive importance. That is, their weight is important for the consumer when making a purchase decision, and for the manufacturer – in terms of production capabilities of certain types and results (production efficiency). The basis of the operation of any enterprise is a production program (production and sales plan). The main task of the production plan is to meet the needs of consumers in high-quality products, which are produced with the best use of resources, on the one hand, and the enterprise to get the maximum profit, on the other. With this in mind, a two-criteria optimization model that allows to make a production plan was proposed. The plan ensures that products are produced with the best use of available resources and at the same time ensures maximum quality of manufactured products and maximum profit from sales of these products. The solution of the problem with two objective functions and linear constraints is achieved by step-by-step solution of the proposed mathematical model of optimization of the production plan using the method of sequential restrictions. The simplex method was also used. An example shows an algorithm for solving the optimization problem.

Werbungskosten oder Subvention? Zur Rechtfertigung der Entfernungspauschale und Perspektiven ihrer Ausgestaltung

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Homburg ◽  
Holger Karrenbrock ◽  
Johann Eekhoff
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Occupational Activity ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Housing Costs ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Cost Factors

AbstractStefan Homburg points out that in Germany commuting expenses have been deductible from the income tax base for a long time. Germany’s grand coalition has now restricted this deduction. The article analyses whether or not this was justified from an economic point of view. It is shown that, in the long run, the tax treatment of commuting expenses has nothing to do with production efficiency. Commuting rather represents a form of household production. The overall conclusion is that the more restrictive tax treatment seems economically justifiable.Whereas Holger Karrenbrock deals with the arguments of the proponents of the so-called ‘Werkstorprinzip’, a principle which means that for tax purposes the sphere of occupational activity ends at the factory gate. He demonstrates that expenses for commuting to and from work are incomerelated and therefore have to be tax deductible. The commutation to and from work is a condition precedent to income production, and the corresponding expenses solely arise from the taxpayer’s occupation, which both is essential in his opinion.Johann Eekhoff, however, emphasizes that since 2007 costs of commuting in Germany are in principle no longer deductible from taxable income. This change in taxation is appreciated because commuting costs can be substituted by housing costs. Generally speaking, the sum of both cost factors is the same at any distances from work. Only for married couples costs of a second household near the workplace should be tax-deductible if both partners are employed at different places.

Possible Use of New Materials for High Pressure Linepipe Construction: An Opening on X100 Grade Steel

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Barsanti ◽  
G. Mannucci ◽  
H. G. Hillenbrand ◽  
G. Demofonti ◽  
D. Harris
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Know How ◽  
Gas Market ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Steel Properties ◽  
Grade Steel

The increasing needs of natural gas, foreseen for the next years, makes more and more important the type of transportation chosen, both from strategic and economic point of view. The most important gas markets will be Northern America, Europe, Asia and Russia but the demand shall be fulfilled also by emerging producers as Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Eastern Siberia that at the moment are developing their resources in order to be competitive on Gas market. In this way producers and customers will be placed at greater and greater distances implying realization of complex gas transportation pipeline network, when use of LNG tankers is impossible or uneconomic. On the base of these considerations in 1997 began a feasibility study on X100 steel, given that, comparing different design approaches, it has been observed that consistent savings could be obtained by means of using high grade steel and high pressure linepipes. In this multi-sponsored project (Eni group, European Community of steel and Carbon, CSM, Corus and Europipe) CSM and Corus group were involved in the laboratory and full-scale pipes testing, Europipe was the pipes producer and Snam Rete Gas was involved in field weldability and technical coordination. No technical breakthrough, but only improvements in the existing expertise were involved in the X100 production; consequently, the production window is very narrow. However optimized steelmaking practices and processes enabled the material to reach the desired properties: strength, toughness and weldability. This paper is intended to present the general results arising from this project, in terms of steel properties (chemical composition, mechanical properties), ductile and brittle fracture resistance (results of full scale burst tests, West Jefferson tests) and field weldability, but above all the know-how stored till now on high grade steel and its possible use from a Gas company and a Pipe maker point of view.

scholarly journals Analisis Dimensi Kualitas Pelayanan Televisi Berlangganan

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Rorio Gomgom Simarmata
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Status ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Weather Variations ◽  
A Company

Broadcasting technology in a telecommunication company (TV) on continues to evolve along with the development of information and communication technology (ICT). Today's technological developments have grown rapidly and become more complex. The companies that do not bring innovation and the differentiation of their products will be left out of competitors in the same field. Users are exposed to a variety of products on the market that they may choose. How a company can grow in the midst of market competition depends on its ability to satisfy its customers. This study aims to analyze the achievements of pay TV companies in Indonesia from the point of view of customers, which is from satisfaction with product quality and quality of service. Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) is conducted to determine the status of indicators related to product and service quality to provide input to management in taking strategic steps. The results reveal that enhancement priorities are attractive design properties, following the latest trends, Resistance to intervention factors (weather), Variations in the channel given, The employee's progress in the repair visit, The employee’s speed in responding to request customer.

Rola technologii informacyjnej w zarządzaniu oraz jej wpływ na kształtowanie się społeczeństwa informacyjnego

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Ewa Oleksiejczuk ◽  
Anna Oleksiejczuk
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Know How ◽  
New Type ◽  
A Company

Information technology (IT) concerns using the computer science in various aspects of life.The possibilities of immediate information exchange at any time and any place in the worldhave created conditions for the rise a new type of an information society and economy basedon knowledge. Computer networks, especially the Internet, as well as modern wireless mediahave caused the disappearance of traditional barriers in human communication.In modern global economy competitiveness of companies depends on their innovations andknowledge. In a company the essential factor in effective knowledge and innovationmanagement is the implementation of a proper information system. Learning how to workwith computer is a must, both in professional and in private life. Our modern world has been dominated by IT, which influences every single aspect of our life.Nowadays, information and knowledge are treated as one of the most important factor of businessactivity. Introducing up-to-date IT helps to effectively use the company resources where informationsystems play more and more important role. Companies may obtain better economic results in fastchanging circumstances. In the information era companies are highly depended on IT and ITmeans much more than computers and their software. It is also know-how.

scholarly journals Automation of receivables accounting based on an integrated database of counterparties

2017 ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Kruchak ◽  
Volodymyr Muravskyi
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Electronic Communications ◽  
Modern Information Technology ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
A Company

The development of information and communication technology has led to the introduction of electronic communication channels to accounting processes. Electronic communications provide information interaction of all debtors and creditors of a company, through which collec- tion, processing and storage of data on payments to counterparties take place in a consoli- dated database. The received primary information can be used to automate receivables ac- counting. Theoretical and practical issues related to automation of receivables accounting are identified. The purpose of the article is to theoretically justify and practically introduce the possibilities of setting up a consolidated database on counterparties of a company; to study communication and organizational aspects of automation of receivables accounting in terms of modern information technology. The subject matter of the study is automation of receivables accounting in a company. The scope of the study is a set of theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of automated accounting of receivables through the introduction of a consolidated database of counterparties. Methods of analysis and synthesis are used to structure the area of research through identification and formalization of automation of receivables accounting facilitated by information and communication technology. The article considers a matter related to automation of receivables accounting and proposes recommendations on the introduction of an automated system for settlement with debtors in a company. The authors have developed an information model of a consolidated database which contains information on counterparties, contract relations, and settlement of receivables. A consolidated database acts as an information environment for electronic interactions of all participanys of financial transactions. There is an information exchange between suppliers, customers, banking institutions, legal and factoring organizations, state fiscal and statistics services. However, public access to a consolidated database can lead to a loss of confidential information, which means the need for valid methods of information protection of a company’s accounting system.

Wireless Organizational Communication: A Framework for Communicative Informatics

10.28945/2709 ◽  
2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda M. Gallant ◽  
Gloria M. Boone ◽  
Gregg Almquist
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Communication ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Personal Digital Assistant ◽  
Workplace Communication ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Organizational Settings ◽  
Organizational Sensemaking ◽  
Organizational Informatics ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
A Company

As mobile communication becomes more pervasive, there is an increasing need to study the potential uses of wireless organizational communication. The difficulty in analyzing information and communication technology (ICT) in organizational communication is the unintentional split between information processes perspectives and human communication perspectives in the discussions of workplace technology. By merging two constructs, organizational informatics and organizational sensemaking, this paper develops a communicative organizational informatics (COI) framework, which provides a robust perspective on how people communicate through the uses of technology in organizational settings. This communicative informatics framework offers a powerful lens to study the meanings, understandings, uses and gratifications, and potentials of technology in organizations and how it can facilitate workplace communication. A COI analysis of a personal digital assistant (PDA), a Palm VII, with a live wireless connection to a company sales database is examined by applying a usability testing methodology.

Sophie Laws, with Caroline Harper and Rachel Marcus. Research for Development: A Practical Guide. New Delhi: Vistaar Publications. 2003. xiii+475 pages. Paperback. Indian Rupees 450.00.

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-172
Author(s):  
Mir Annice Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Policy Research ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Is Research ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Development Workers

To implement any successful policy, research about the subject-matter is essential. Lack of knowledge would result in failure and, from an economic point of view, it would lead to a waste of scarce resources. The book under review is essentially a manual which highlights the use of research for development. The book is divided into two parts. Part One informs the reader about concepts and some theory, and Part Two deals with the issue of undertaking research for development. Both parts have 11 chapters each. Chapter 1 asks the basic question: Is research important in development work? The answer is that it is. Research has many dimensions: from the basic asking of questions to the more sophisticated broad-based analysis of policy issues. The chapter, in short, stresses the usefulness of research which development workers ignore at their own peril.

IT GOVERNANCE AUDIT AT PT PERUSAHAAN GAS NEGARA USING COBIT FRAMEWORK

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Mahendra Sunt Servanda ◽  
Achmad Benny Mutiara
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
It Governance ◽  
Maturity Model ◽  
Maturity Level ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
It Usage ◽  
A Company

The use of information and communication technology in a company gives an important contribution for the achievement of business objectives. PT Perusahaan Gas Negara, especially in the Business Solutions and Services Operations (BSSO), plays a significant role in the utilization of information and communication technology assets to PT Perusahaan Gas Negara. It takes a good IT governance for BSSO to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of IT usage. Audit of IT governance maturity using COBIT 4.1. Maturity model level used to determine the maturity level of IT usage in the enterprise with a scale of 0 (non-existent) to 5 (optimized). This study focused on two domains namely Plan and Organise (PO) and Monitor and Evaluate (ME) model to measure the maturity level of IT maturity levels in PT Perusahaan Gas Negara. From this study, the results of the maturity level domain PO is 3.13 and ME is 2.98, it can be given the conclusion that the maturity level of IT governance at PT PGN is in level 3 (defined). At this level means that all the procedures in the company are standardized and documented, but the company is still not able to detect the deviations that have occurred.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document