Carbon Dioxide and Water Exchange Between Spruce and Atmosphere in the Spring-Summer in Different Weather Conditions

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Weather Conditions

Water exchange-assisted vs. carbon dioxide-insufflated single-balloon enteroscopy: randomized controlled trial

Endoscopy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaopeng Liu ◽  
Tao Dong ◽  
Yupeng Shi ◽  
Hui Luo ◽  
Xianmin Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Balloon Enteroscopy ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Single Balloon ◽  
Single Balloon Enteroscopy

<b>Background and study aims</b> Single-balloon enteroscopy (SBE) is a valuable but difficult modality for the diagnosis and treatment of small-bowel diseases. The water exchange (WE) method has the advantage of facilitating intubation during colonoscopy. Here, we evaluated the effects of WE on procedure-related variables related to SBE. <b>Patients and methods</b> This randomized controlled trial was conducted in a tertiary-care referral center in China. Patients with attempt at total enteroscopy (ATE) were randomly allocated to undergo WE-assisted (WE group) or carbon dioxide-insufflated enteroscopy (CO<sub>2</sub> group). All patients were planned to undergo both antegrade and retrograde procedures. The primary outcome was the total enteroscopy rate (TER). Secondary outcomes included maximal insertion depth, positive findings, procedural time and adverse events. <b>Results</b> In total, 110 patients were enrolled, with 55 in each group. Baseline characteristics between the two groups were comparable. TER was achieved in 58.2% (32/55) of the WE group and 36.4% (20/55) of the control group (p=0.022). The estimated intubation depth was 521.2±101.4 cm in the WE group and 481.6±95.2 cm in the CO<sub>2</sub> group (p=0.037). The insertion time was prolonged in the WE group compared with CO<sub>2</sub> group (178.9±45.1 min vs. 154.2±27.6 min, p<0.001). Endoscopic findings and adverse events were comparable between the two groups. <b>Conclusions</b> The WE method improved TER and increased intubation depth during SBE. The use of WE did not increase complications of enteroscopy. Clinical trial registation: https://clinicaltrials.gov/， NCT01942863.

scholarly journals Predicting photosynthesis and transpiration responses to ozone: decoupling modeled photosynthesis and stomatal conductance

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 3113-3130 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Lombardozzi ◽  
S. Levis ◽  
G. Bonan ◽  
J. P. Sparks
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Community Land Model ◽  
Climate Regulation ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Tulip Poplar

Abstract. Plants exchange greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and water with the atmosphere through the processes of photosynthesis and transpiration, making them essential in climate regulation. Carbon dioxide and water exchange are typically coupled through the control of stomatal conductance, and the parameterization in many models often predict conductance based on photosynthesis values. Some environmental conditions, like exposure to high ozone (O3) concentrations, alter photosynthesis independent of stomatal conductance, so models that couple these processes cannot accurately predict both. The goals of this study were to test direct and indirect photosynthesis and stomatal conductance modifications based on O3 damage to tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) in a coupled Farquhar/Ball-Berry model. The same modifications were then tested in the Community Land Model (CLM) to determine the impacts on gross primary productivity (GPP) and transpiration at a constant O3 concentration of 100 parts per billion (ppb). Modifying the Vcmax parameter and directly modifying stomatal conductance best predicts photosynthesis and stomatal conductance responses to chronic O3 over a range of environmental conditions. On a global scale, directly modifying conductance reduces the effect of O3 on both transpiration and GPP compared to indirectly modifying conductance, particularly in the tropics. The results of this study suggest that independently modifying stomatal conductance can improve the ability of models to predict hydrologic cycling, and therefore improve future climate predictions.

Materials and methods for carbon dioxide and water exchange analysis§

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 371-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARNOLD J. BLOOM ◽  
HAROLD A. MOONEY ◽  
OLLE BJÖRKMAN ◽  
JOSEPH BERRY
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Water Exchange

scholarly journals Wireless sensor networks for monitoring microclimate parameters on cattle farms

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
R.M. Ilyin ◽  
◽  
S.V. Vtory
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Graphical Models ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Cattle Farms

The results of a study of changes in temperature and humidity conditions and concentration of carbon dioxide depending on weather conditions in cowsheds for 200 heads of tethered and 320 heads of loose housing are presented. The graphical models of the distribution of temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration inside the cowsheds under similar weather conditions are provided.

Design Considerations of a Subsea Shuttle Tanker System for Liquid Carbon Dioxide Transportation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihan Xing ◽  
Muk Chen Ong ◽  
Tor Hemmingsen ◽  
Kjell Einar Ellingsen ◽  
Lorents Reinås
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Co2 Injection ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Liquid Co2 ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Subsea Pipelines

Abstract Subsea pipelines and umbilicals are used for the transportation of fluids and electrical power between subsea installations and floating production systems (FPUs). The installation and maintenance of these systems can be expensive. In a conventional subsea field development, the produced fluids can be transported from the well to a FPU where they can be offloaded to a tanker (surface ship). In the case of carbon dioxide (CO2) injection into the well, the direction of flow is reversed, i.e., CO2 flows from the tanker to the FPU, down the riser base and through the subsea pipelines to the well. This offloading process is weather-dependent and cannot be performed in severe weather conditions, i.e., strong winds and large waves. This paper presents a novel subsea shuttle tanker system proposed by Equinor ASA designed to be a possible alternative to subsea pipelines, umbilicals and tanker ships. The subsea shuttle is intended to operate submerged under the sea surface to transport liquid CO2 from an existing offshore/land facility where CO2 is captured to a subsea well where the CO2 is injected into the reservoir. As the shuttle is subsea, it can operate under any type of weather conditions. Even though the subsea shuttle is proposed as a vehicle for liquid CO2 transport, it can also transport other types of cargo such as hydrocarbons, injection fluids, electrical power or subsea tools. The paper will discuss the most important design considerations surrounding the subsea shuttle tanker.

Comparison of Right Colon Adenoma Miss Rates Between Water Exchange and Carbon Dioxide Insufflation

2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Liang Cheng ◽  
Yen-Lin Kuo ◽  
Yu-Hsi Hsieh ◽  
Jui-Hsiang Tang ◽  
Felix W. Leung
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Right Colon ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Insufflation ◽  
Colon Adenoma

EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF WATER-EXCHANGE ENTEROSCOPY COMPARED TO CARBON DIOXIDE INSUFFLATION DURING ENTEROSCOPY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Blanco-Velasco ◽  
RA Zamarripa-Mottu ◽  
R Soria-Rodríguez ◽  
OM Solórzano-Pineda ◽  
E Murcio-Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Insufflation
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