Long-term trends in mass concentration of near-surface aerosol at Zvenigorod Research Station of A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Atmospheric Physics ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Obukhov Institute ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Evaluation and indirect estimation of nitrate losses from the agricultural microbasin Rybárik

Biologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Sebíň ◽  
Pavla Pekárová ◽  
Pavol Miklánek
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Empirical Relation ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrate Transport ◽  
Nitrate Losses ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Annual Amount

AbstractThe long-term trends of mean monthly nitrate concentrations in stream and drainage runoff were evaluated in the experimental microbasin Rybárik (0.119 km2) at the Institute of Hydrology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, during the period 1987–2005. The results of analyses indicate a decreasing trend of nitrate concentration after the year 1989, but with relatively high losses in some years and relatively low losses in other years. This decreasing trend is mainly caused by a decrease in the use of nitrogen fertilizers. The nitrate concentration in surface runoff strongly correlates with runoff and fertilization. Based on measured data, an empirical relation was found describing the dependence of annual nitrate transport in the stream on annual runoff depth and on the annual amount of applied nitrogen fertilizers.

Variations of electrical characteristics of near-surface atmosphere of the Earth during magnetic storm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Riabova ◽  
Alexander Spivak
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Magnetic Storms ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Geosphere Dynamics ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Magnetic Field

<p>Temporal variations of the electric field in near-surface layer of the Earth are determined by many factors, among which strong disturbances of the magnetic field should be especially noted. Magnetic storms cause an increase in the ionospheric electric field, which leads to variations in the gradient of the electric field potential near the Earth's surface. We consider the effect of magnetic storms in variations in the electrical characteristics of the atmosphere at Geophysical observatory «Mikhnevo» of Sadovsky Institute of Geosphere Dynamics of Russian Academy of Sciences and at Center for geophysical monitoring of Moscow of Sadovsky Institute of Geosphere Dynamics of Russian Academy of Sciences. We used data from the continuous monitoring of three components of the magnetic field, vertical components of the atmospheric electric field and atmospheric current carried out in fair weather. Experimental data processing and analysis show that accompanying magnetic storms with geomagnetic K index more or equal 5 increased variations in the electric field and vertical atmospheric current are characterized by different morphological structures. It is currently difficult to interpret the data. Nevertheless, the research results can be of great help in the development and verification of theoretical and computational models for generating variations in the electric field as a result of strong geomagnetic disturbances.</p>

scholarly journals Science’s role in socioeconomic development of integrated scientific and technological space of the union state of Russia and Belarus

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 1085-1094
Author(s):  
G. A. Zaikina
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Joint Session ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
State Programs ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Technological Space

On June 18, 2019, the Presidiums of the Russian Academy of Sciences and of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus held a joint session to discuss results of cooperation in 2018, prospective projects of Union State programs, and short-term plans for cooperation between the Russian Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Particular attention was paid to scientific support for development of strategic directions for long-term spatial-territorial and socioeconomic development of Russia and Belarus and to the concept of the United Eurasia megaproject.

scholarly journals METHANE IN THE SURFACE LAYER OF THE ATMOSPHERE: CURRENT CONTENT, LONG-TERM TRENDS AND INTRAANNUAL VARIABILITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 5-21
Author(s):  
V.V. Kuzovkin ◽  
◽  
S.M. Semenov ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Methane Concentration ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Time Shift ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Co2 Absorption ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Term Trends

The article is devoted to the empirical analysis of series of monthly mean concentrations of methane in the near-surface layer of the atmosphere from the global network of monitoring stations. They operate within the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) under the auspices of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The data is freely available at the World Data Center for Greenhouse Gases GAW/WMO (WDCGG) on its website https://gaw.kishou.go.jp/ . The temporal coverage is from the 1980s. Data series from 69 stations are considered, of which 22 stations represent the global background conditions. The rest of the stations are regional. Long-term trends in concentrations and intraannual (inter-monthly) deviations of mean monthly concentrations from long-term trends were studied. The multi-year trend was estimated using a series of 12-month running averages. To exclude systematic differences in methane concentrations, these series were adjusted to the series for the high-latitude Arctic station Alert (82° 30' N, 62° 21' W). The analysis showed that long-term trends are non-linear (including with a known pause in the growth of methane levels in 1999-2006), but are similar at most of the stations under consideration. Exceptions are 6 regional stations classified as ‘abnormal’ for methane. A possible cause of the abnormality is being under the influence of certain sources of methane (anthropogenic or natural). Long-term trends at the rest of the stations are just slightly differ from the average trend for global stations. The series of intra-annual (inter-monthly) deviations of mean monthly concentrations from long-term trends for many stations, even those located at very significant distances from each other, show high correlative similarity. However, it manifests itself at an optimal time shift from 5 months. towards earlier dates up to 6 months. towards later dates. The results of the analysis are consistent with the assumption that the intra-annual variability in methane concentration is largely driven by seasonal factors that are significantly related to latitude, including vertical mixing in the atmosphere and destruction in the troposphere in reactions with hydroxyl. The root-mean-square values of the intra-annual (inter-monthly) fluctuations in methane concentration significantly depend on latitude. The higher the latitude, the greater the overall value. Maximum values are reached in the latitudinal belt 45-50° N, and further, to the north, the Кузовкин В.В., Семенов С.М. 20 values decrease. This character of intra-annual fluctuations in the level of methane content may be explained, among other things, by significant inter-seasonal fluctuations in anthropogenic methane emissions at the indicated latitudes in countries with developed economies located in North America and Western Europe. The estimates of correlations of the series of intra-annual (inter-monthly) fluctuations of the average monthly concentrations of CH4 and CO2 showed that at optimal time shifts, they are rather high, about 0.8. Moreover, this is observed both at some polar stations and at tropical ones. This confirms the assumption that natural seasonal biogeochemical and geophysical processes play a significant role in the formation of intra-annual (inter-monthly) deviations of the methane and carbon dioxide content in the near-surface layer from long-term trends, namely, vertical mixing of air, CO2 absorption on the Earth's surface, destruction of methane in the troposphere in reactions with hydroxyl.

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