scholarly journals Developmental Changes of Speed-accuracy Trade-offs in Manual Skills

2007 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Okuzumi ◽  
Mitsuru Kokubun ◽  
Kyoko Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Manual Skills ◽  
Speed Accuracy

Balancing Bilinguals

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1400-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn J. Kohnert ◽  
Elizabeth Bates ◽  
Arturo E. Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Mixed Condition ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Language Condition ◽  
Speed Accuracy

The present study investigated developmental changes in lexical production skills in early sequential bilinguals, in both Spanish (L1) and English (L2), exploring the effects of age, years of experience, and basic-level cognitive processing (specifically the ability to resist interference) within a timed picture-naming task. To assess resistance to interference, naming was compared in low competition (blocked-single language) vs. high competition (mixed-alternating language) conditions. Participants were 100 individuals, 20 at each of 5 different age levels (5–7, 8–10, 11–13, 14–16, & young adults). All had learned Spanish as a first language in the home, with formal English experience beginning at 5 years. Gains were made in both languages across age. However, there was a developmental crossover from Spanish dominance in the youngest children, through a period of relatively balanced Spanish and English skills in middle childhood, culminating in a clear pattern of English dominance among adolescents and young adults. Although all groups experienced a greater slowing of response times in the mixed-language condition relative to the blocked-language condition, developmental changes in the pattern of speed-accuracy trade-offs in the mixed condition can be interpreted to reflect a change in the ability to resist cognitive interference during word production.

Dual Goals for Speed and Accuracy on the Same Performance Task

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olive Emil Wetter ◽  
Jürgen Wegge ◽  
Klaus Jonas ◽  
Klaus-Helmut Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Memory Scanning ◽  
Performance Task ◽  
Performance Tasks ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Test Experiment ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
New Finding ◽  
Sternberg Paradigm ◽  
Speed Accuracy ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

In most work contexts, several performance goals coexist, and conflicts between them and trade-offs can occur. Our paper is the first to contrast a dual goal for speed and accuracy with a single goal for speed on the same task. The Sternberg paradigm (Experiment 1, n = 57) and the d2 test (Experiment 2, n = 19) were used as performance tasks. Speed measures and errors revealed in both experiments that dual as well as single goals increase performance by enhancing memory scanning. However, the single speed goal triggered a speed-accuracy trade-off, favoring speed over accuracy, whereas this was not the case with the dual goal. In difficult trials, dual goals slowed down scanning processes again so that errors could be prevented. This new finding is particularly relevant for security domains, where both aspects have to be managed simultaneously.

scholarly journals Evidence from cluster analysis for differentiation of antisaccade performance groups based on speed/accuracy trade-offs

2012 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingyang Li ◽  
Michael T. Amlung ◽  
Manouela Valtcheva ◽  
Jazmin Camchong ◽  
Benjamin P. Austin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Speed Accuracy

Playing With BEARS: Balancing Effort, Accuracy, and Response Speed in a Semantic Feature Verification Anomia Treatment Game

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
William S. Evans ◽  
Robert Cavanaugh ◽  
Yina Quique ◽  
Emily Boss ◽  
Jeffrey J. Starns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Retrieval Practice ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Semantic Feature ◽  
System Calibration ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Practice Efficiency ◽  
Speed Accuracy

Purpose The purpose of this study was to develop and pilot a novel treatment framework called BEARS (Balancing Effort, Accuracy, and Response Speed). People with aphasia (PWA) have been shown to maladaptively balance speed and accuracy during language tasks. BEARS is designed to train PWA to balance speed–accuracy trade-offs and improve system calibration (i.e., to adaptively match system use with its current capability), which was hypothesized to improve treatment outcomes by maximizing retrieval practice and minimizing error learning. In this study, BEARS was applied in the context of a semantically oriented anomia treatment based on semantic feature verification (SFV). Method Nine PWA received 25 hr of treatment in a multiple-baseline single-case series design. BEARS + SFV combined computer-based SFV with clinician-provided BEARS metacognitive training. Naming probe accuracy, efficiency, and proportion of “pass” responses on inaccurate trials were analyzed using Bayesian generalized linear mixed-effects models. Generalization to discourse and correlations between practice efficiency and treatment outcomes were also assessed. Results Participants improved on naming probe accuracy and efficiency of treated and untreated items, although untreated item gains could not be distinguished from the effects of repeated exposure. There were no improvements on discourse performance, but participants demonstrated improved system calibration based on their performance on inaccurate treatment trials, with an increasing proportion of “pass” responses compared to paraphasia or timeout nonresponses. In addition, levels of practice efficiency during treatment were positively correlated with treatment outcomes, suggesting that improved practice efficiency promoted greater treatment generalization and improved naming efficiency. Conclusions BEARS is a promising, theoretically motivated treatment framework for addressing the interplay between effort, accuracy, and processing speed in aphasia. This study establishes the feasibility of BEARS + SFV and provides preliminary evidence for its efficacy. This study highlights the importance of considering processing efficiency in anomia treatment, in addition to performance accuracy. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14935812

scholarly journals Combining speed and accuracy to control for speed-accuracy trade-offs(?)

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinrich René Liesefeld ◽  
Markus Janczyk
Keyword(s):  
Trade Offs ◽  
Speed Accuracy ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

scholarly journals Quorums enable optimal pooling of independent judgements

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Marshall ◽  
Ralf H.J.M. Kurvers ◽  
Jens Krause ◽  
Max Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Signal Detection ◽  
Signal Detection Theory ◽  
Detection Theory ◽  
Collective Decision ◽  
Majority Voting ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Collective Decision Making ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Speed Accuracy

Majority-voting and the Condorcet Jury Theorem pervade thinking about collective decision-making. Thus, it is typically assumed that majority-voting is the best possible decision mechanism, and that scenarios exist where individually-weak decision-makers should not pool information. Condorcet and its applications implicitly assume that only one kind of error can be made, yet signal detection theory shows two kinds of errors exist, ‘false positives’ and ‘false negatives’. We apply signal detection theory to collective decision-making to show that majority voting is frequently sub-optimal, and can be optimally replaced by quorum decision-making. While quorums have been proposed to resolve within-group conflicts, or manage speed-accuracy trade-offs, our analysis applies to groups with aligned interests undertaking single-shot decisions. Our results help explain the ubiquity of quorum decision-making in nature, relate the use of sub- and super-majority quorums to decision ecology, and may inform the design of artificial decision-making systems.Impact StatementTheory typically assumes that majority voting is optimal; this is incorrect – majority voting is typically sub-optimal, and should be replaced by sub-majority or super-majority quorum voting. This helps explain the prevalence of quorum-sensing in even the simplest collective systems, such as bacterial communities.

Speed–accuracy trade-offs in myocontrol

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. Fimbel ◽  
Martin Lemay ◽  
Martin Arguin
Keyword(s):  
Trade Offs ◽  
Speed Accuracy

Speed-Accuracy Trade-offs in Motor Behavior: Theories of Impulse Variability

1985 ◽  
pp. 79-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Schmidt ◽  
D. E. Sherwood ◽  
H. N. Zelaznik ◽  
B. J. Leikind
Keyword(s):  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Behavior Theories ◽  
Impulse Variability ◽  
Speed Accuracy
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