scholarly journals SIMULATED EFFECTS OF VARIED LANDSCAPE-SCALE FUEL TREATMENTS ON CARBON DYNAMICS AND FIRE BEHAVIOR IN THE KLAMATH MOUNTAINS OF CALIFORNIA

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Fire Behavior ◽  
Carbon Dynamics ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Klamath Mountains ◽  
Fuel Treatments

scholarly journals Landscape-scale modeling of reference period forest conditions and fire behavior on heavily logged lands

Ecosphere ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. art32 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Stockton Maxwell ◽  
Alan H. Taylor ◽  
Carl N. Skinner ◽  
Hugh D. Safford ◽  
Rachel E. Isaacs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fire Behavior ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Reference Period ◽  
Scale Modeling ◽  
Forest Conditions

Simulating fuel treatment effects in dry forests of the western United States: testing the principles of a fire-safe forest

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1018-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morris C. Johnson ◽  
Maureen C. Kennedy ◽  
David L. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Fire Behavior ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Crown Fire ◽  
Fuel Treatments ◽  
Dry Forests ◽  
Fuel Treatment

We used the Fire and Fuels Extension to the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FFE-FVS) to simulate fuel treatment effects on 45 162 stands in low- to midelevation dry forests (e.g., ponderosa pine ( Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex. P. & C. Laws.) and Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) of the western United States. We evaluated treatment effects on predicted post-treatment fire behavior (fire type) and fire hazard (torching index). FFE-FVS predicts that thinning and surface fuel treatments reduced crown fire behavior relative to no treatment; a large proportion of stands were predicted to transition from active crown fire pre-treatment to surface fire post-treatment. Intense thinning treatments (125 and 250 residual trees·ha–1) were predicted to be more effective than light thinning treatments (500 and 750 residual trees·ha–1). Prescribed fire was predicted to be the most effective surface fuel treatment, whereas FFE-FVS predicted no difference between no surface fuel treatment and extraction of fuels. This inability to discriminate the effects of certain fuel treatments illuminates the consequence of a documented limitation in how FFE-FVS incorporates fuel models and we suggest improvements. The concurrence of results from modeling and empirical studies provides quantitative support for “fire-safe” principles of forest fuel reduction (sensu Agee and Skinner 2005. For. Ecol. Manag. 211: 83–96).

scholarly journals Effect of Fuel Treatments on Fuels and Potential Fire Behavior in California, USA, National Forests

Fire Ecology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Vaillant ◽  
JoAnn Fites-Kaufman ◽  
Alicia L. Reiner ◽  
Erin K. Noonan-Wright ◽  
Scott N. Dailey
Keyword(s):  
Fire Behavior ◽  
National Forests ◽  
Fuel Treatments

Fuel treatments alter the effects of wildfire in a mixed-evergreen forest, Oregon, USA

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 2981-2995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystal L Raymond ◽  
David L Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Fire Behavior ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Fire Intensity ◽  
Crown Fire ◽  
Fuel Loading ◽  
Fuel Treatments ◽  
Surface Fire

We had the rare opportunity to quantify the relationship between fuels and fire severity using prefire surface and canopy fuel data and fire severity data after a wildfire. The study area is a mixed-evergreen forest of southwestern Oregon with a mixed-severity fire regime. Modeled fire behavior showed that thinning reduced canopy fuels, thereby decreasing the potential for crown fire spread. The potential for crown fire initiation remained fairly constant despite reductions in ladder fuels, because thinning increased surface fuels, which contributed to greater surface fire intensity. Thinning followed by underburning reduced canopy, ladder, and surface fuels, thereby decreasing surface fire intensity and crown fire potential. However, crown fire is not a prerequisite for high fire severity; damage to and mortality of overstory trees in the wildfire were extensive despite the absence of crown fire. Mortality was most severe in thinned treatments (80%–100%), moderate in untreated stands (53%–54%), and least severe in the thinned and underburned treatment (5%). Thinned treatments had higher fine-fuel loading and more extensive crown scorch, suggesting that greater consumption of fine fuels contributed to higher tree mortality. Fuel treatments intended to minimize tree mortality will be most effective if both ladder and surface fuels are treated.

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Fuel Reduction Treatments on Surface Fuel Loading in the Blue Mountains of Oregon

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1306
Author(s):  
Kat E. Morici ◽  
John D. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Fire Behavior ◽  
Fuel Load ◽  
Fire Season ◽  
Fuel Reduction ◽  
Prescribed Burn ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Fuel Loading ◽  
Fuel Treatments ◽  
Blue Mountains ◽  
Pre Treatment

Fire exclusion and a lengthening fire season has resulted in an era of megafires. Fuel reduction treatments in forested ecosystems are designed to guard against future extreme wildfire behavior. Treatments create a heterogenous landscape and facilitate ecosystem function and resilience in fire-adapted forests of the western United States. Despite widespread recognition that repeated fuel treatments are needed to maintain desired stand characteristics over time, few field studies have evaluated treatment longevity. The Blue Mountains Fire and Fire Surrogate site in northeastern Oregon presented an opportunity to investigate woody fuel loading 15–17 years after four treatments: mechanical thin, prescribed burn, both thin and burn, and no treatment control. The principal findings were: (1) fine fuel load 15 years post-burn remained slightly below pre-treatment values; (2) rotten coarse fuel load was reduced post-burn, but sound coarse fuel was not altered by any active treatment; and (3) total woody fuel load 15–17 years post-treatment was similar to pre-treatment values. Understanding surface fuel loading is essential for predicting fire behavior. Overall, the effects of fuel reduction treatments on woody surface fuels were transitory in dry mixed conifer forests. Frequent maintenance treatments are recommended to protect values at risk in areas with high fire hazards. Quantifying the persistence of changes in forest conditions aids in the planning and analysis of future fuel treatments, along with scheduling maintenance of existing treated areas.

scholarly journals Wildland Fire Behaviour Case Studies and Fuel Models for Landscape-Scale Fire Modeling

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul-Antoine Santoni ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Filippi ◽  
Jacques-Henri Balbi ◽  
Frédéric Bosseur
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Fire History ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Wildland Fire ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Fire Behavior ◽  
Fire Spread ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Fuel Models

This work presents the extension of a physical model for the spreading of surface fire at landscape scale. In previous work, the model was validated at laboratory scale for fire spreading across litters. The model was then modified to consider the structure of actual vegetation and was included in the wildland fire calculation system Forefire that allows converting the two-dimensional model of fire spread to three dimensions, taking into account spatial information. Two wildland fire behavior case studies were elaborated and used as a basis to test the simulator. Both fires were reconstructed, paying attention to the vegetation mapping, fire history, and meteorological data. The local calibration of the simulator required the development of appropriate fuel models for shrubland vegetation (maquis) for use with the model of fire spread. This study showed the capabilities of the simulator during the typical drought season characterizing the Mediterranean climate when most wildfires occur.

scholarly journals Potential crown fire behavior in Pinus pinea stands following different fuel treatments

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Ramon Molina ◽  
F Rodriguez y Silva ◽  
M A Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Fire Behavior ◽  
Pinus Pinea ◽  
Crown Fire ◽  
Fuel Treatments
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