scholarly journals Temple Students Mount Response Against the COVID-19 Pandemic

CommonHealth ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-140
Author(s):  
Vittoria Boni ◽  
Schyler Edwards ◽  
Kurt Koehler ◽  
Michelle Liu ◽  
Theresa McShea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Risk Population ◽  
Temple University ◽  
The North ◽  
Local Organizations ◽  
Medical Undergraduate

We are a group of medical, undergraduate, and public health students at Temple University doing our best to support the high-risk population in North Philadelphia during the global COVID-19 pandemic. Our aim is to make and distribute fabric masks to local organizations that support the North Philadelphia community and directly to patients that come to Temple University Hospital.

Screen-and-treat colposcopy as public health strategy for cervical cancer early detection in high-risk population: The experience of the Centro de Estudios y Prevencion del Cancer (CEPREC) in indigenous population of Southern Mexico

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5012-5012
Author(s):  
S. Marcial-Toledo ◽  
J. Cortes-Guzman ◽  
L. Chavez ◽  
C. Guzman-Patraca ◽  
S. Terrazas-Espitia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Public Health Strategy ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Risk Population ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Health Strategy

5012 Background: The incidence of cervical cancer in Mexico remains high, due to ineffective Papanicolau smear screening, social, educational, cultural and financial issues. Southern Mexico is a region with a high incidence of cervical cancer. CEPREC has designed educational, preventive and early cancer detection programs in that population (Onkologie 27:211). We propose screen-and-treat colposcopy for cervical cancer prevention as public health strategy in selected high-risk population. This study evaluates the feasibility and acceptability of this approach through an educational program. Methods: From 12/2002 to 12/2005, women living in Southern Mexico were educated about cervical cancer and its prevention and were offered colposcopy either in CEPREC facilities or in ambulatory clinics. Colposcopy diagnosis and cervical cytology were established according to the 1990 IFCPC criteria and the 2001 Bethesda System, respectively. A cone biopsy was indicated in patients diagnosed as having human papilloma virus (HPV), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 1, CIN 2, CIN 3), or carcinoma. Patients diagnosed as having HPV, CIN 2 and CIN 3 were treated by large loop excision of the transformation zone under local anesthesia. Results: 8281 women (median age 39 years, range: 14–87) were evaluated. 5645 (68%) of them underwent colposcopy in ambulatory clinics. 1171 (14%) women were illiterates and the highest education level was 9 years in 4881 (59%). Median age at first intercourse and first Papanicolau smear were 19 and 29 years, respectively. 4251 (51%) women had vaginal symptoms before colposcopy. Abnormal colposcopy (HPV, CIN 1, CIN 2 or CIN 3), was diagnosed in 1073 (13%) patients and 9 (<1%) had carcinoma. 238 (22%) of them were treated on site. Low-Grade (n = 190) (80%), and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (n = 48) (20%), were diagnosed in those patients. Conclusions: Screen-and-treat colposcopy is a feasible public health strategy with high acceptability in selected high-risk population and could be an alternative to cytology-based screening programs. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Tuberculosis and Tuberculin Quality: Best Intentions, Misleading Results

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (08) ◽  
pp. 481-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sigfrido Rangel-Frausto ◽  
Samuel Ponce-de-León-Rosales ◽  
Claudia Martinez-Abaroa ◽  
Kaare Hasløv
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Risk Population

Abstract Objective: To compare the performance of three purified protein derivative (PPD) formulations: Tubersol (Connaught); RT23, Statens Serum Institut (SSI); and RT23, Mexico, tested in Mexican populations at low and high risk for tuberculosis (TB). Design: A double-blinded clinical trial. Setting: A university hospital in Mexico City. Participants: The low-risk population was first or second-year medical students with no patient contact; the high-risk population was healthcare workers at a university hospital. Methods: Each of the study subjects received the three different PPD preparations. Risk factors for TB, including age, gender, occupation, bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) status, and TB exposure, were recorded. A 0.1-mL aliquot of each preparation was injected in the left and right forearms of volunteers using the Mantoux technique. Blind readings were done 48 to 72 hours later. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated at 10 mm of induration using Tubersol as the reference standard. The SSI tested the potency of the different PPD preparations in previously sensitized guinea pigs. Results: The low-risk population had a prevalence of positive PPD of 26%. In the low-risk population, RT23 prepared in Mexico, compared to the 5 TU of Tubersol, had a sensitivity of 51%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100%, and a negative predictive value of 86%. The RT23 prepared at the SSI had a sensitivity of 69%, a specificity of 99%, a positive predictive value of 95%, and a negative predictive value of 90%. In the high-risk population, the prevalence of positive PPD was 57%. The RT23 prepared in Mexico had a sensitivity of 33%, a specificity of 100%, and a positive predictive value of 53%; the RT23 prepared at the SSI had a sensitivity of 91%, a specificity of 98%, a positive predictive value of 98%, and a negative predictive value of 89%. RT23 used in Mexico had a potency of only 23% of that of the control. There was no statistical association among those with a positive PPD, irrespective of previous BCG vaccination (relative risk, 0.97; 95% confidence interval, 0.76-1.3; P=.78). Conclusions: Healthcare workers had twice the prevalence of positive PPD compared to medical students. RT23 prepared in Mexico had a low sensitivity in both populations compared to 5 TU of Tubersol and RT23 prepared at the SSI. Previous BCG vaccination did not correlate with a positive PPD. Low potency of the RT23 preparation in Mexico was confirmed in guinea pigs. Best intentions in a TB program are not enough if they are not followed by high-quality control.

The University/Public Health Link in Reducing Infant Mortality in a High-Risk Population

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel M. Garber ◽  
Cindie Carroll-Pankhurst ◽  
Katherine Woods-Erwin ◽  
Edward A. Mortimer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Risk Population ◽  
The University

scholarly journals Cisplatin +/− rucaparib after preoperative chemotherapy in patients with triple-negative or BRCA mutated breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maitri Kalra ◽  
Yan Tong ◽  
David R. Jones ◽  
Tom Walsh ◽  
Michael A. Danso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Neoadjuvant Therapy ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Parp Inhibition ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Risk Population ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPatients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) who have residual disease after neoadjuvant therapy have a high risk of recurrence. We tested the impact of DNA-damaging chemotherapy alone or with PARP inhibition in this high-risk population. Patients with TNBC or deleterious BRCA mutation (TNBC/BRCAmut) who had >2 cm of invasive disease in the breast or persistent lymph node (LN) involvement after neoadjuvant therapy were assigned 1:1 to cisplatin alone or with rucaparib. Germline mutations were identified with BROCA analysis. The primary endpoint was 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) with 80% power to detect an HR 0.5. From Feb 2010 to May 2013, 128 patients were enrolled. Median tumor size at surgery was 1.9 cm (0–11.5 cm) with 1 (0–38) involved LN; median Residual Cancer Burden (RCB) score was 2.6. Six patients had known deleterious BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations at study entry, but BROCA identified deleterious mutations in 22% of patients with available samples. Toxicity was similar in both arms. Despite frequent dose reductions (21% of patients) and delays (43.8% of patients), 73% of patients completed planned cisplatin. Rucaparib exposure was limited with median concentration 275 (82–4694) ng/mL post-infusion on day 3. The addition of rucaparib to cisplatin did not increase 2-year DFS (54.2% cisplatin vs. 64.1% cisplatin + rucaparib; P = 0.29). In the high-risk post preoperative TNBC/BRCAmut setting, the addition of low-dose rucaparib did not improve 2-year DFS or increase the toxicity of cisplatin. Genetic testing was underutilized in this high-risk population.

Dementia screening in elderly high-risk patients following heart failure decompensation may predict unfavorable long-term clinical outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Stepien ◽  
P Furczynska ◽  
M Zalewska ◽  
K Nowak ◽  
A Wlodarczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Coronary Revascularization ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Risk Population ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Recently heart failure (HF) has been found to be a new dementia risk factor, nevertheless their relations in patients following HF decompensation remain unknown. Purpose We sought to investigate whether a screening diagnosis for dementia (SDD) in this high-risk population may predict unfavorable long-term clinical outcomes. Methods 142 patients following HF decompensation requiring hospitalization were enrolled. Within a median time of 55 months all patients were screened for dementia with ALFI-MMSE scale whereas their compliance was assessed with the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Any incidents of myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), revascularization, HF hospitalization and bleedings during follow-up were collected. Results SDD was established in 37 patients (26%) based on the result of an ALFI-MMSE score of &lt;17 points. By multivariate analysis the lower results of the ALFI-MMSE score were associated with a history of stroke/TIA (β=−0.29, P&lt;0.001), peripheral arterial disease (PAD) (β=−0.20, P=0.011) and lower glomerular filtration rate (β=0.24, P=0.009). During the follow-up, patients with SDD were more often rehospitalized following HF decompensation (48.7% vs 28.6%, P=0.014) than patients without SDD, despite a similar level of compliance (P=0.25). Irrespective of stroke/TIA history, SDD independently increased the risk of rehospitalization due to HF decompensation (HR 2.22, 95% CI 1.23–4.01, P=0.007). Conclusions As shown for the first time in literature patients following decompensated HF, a history of stroke/TIA, PAD and impaired renal function independently influenced SDD. In this high-risk population, SDD was not associated with patients' compliance but irrespective of the stroke/TIA history it increased the risk of recurrent HF hospitalization. The survival free of rehospitalization Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Impact of national influenza vaccination strategy in severe influenza outcomes among the high-risk Portuguese population

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ausenda Machado ◽  
Irina Kislaya ◽  
Amparo Larrauri ◽  
Carlos Matias Dias ◽  
Baltazar Nunes
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Vaccination Strategy ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Risk Population ◽  
Seasonal Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Severe Influenza ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background All aged individuals with a chronic condition and those with 65 and more years are at increased risk of severe influenza post-infection complications. There is limited research on cases averted by the yearly vaccination programs in high-risk individuals. The objective was to estimate the impact of trivalent seasonal influenza vaccination on averted hospitalizations and death among the high-risk population in Portugal. Methods The impact of trivalent seasonal influenza vaccination was estimated using vaccine coverage, vaccine effectiveness and the number of influenza-related hospitalizations and deaths. The number of averted events (NAE), prevented fraction (PF) and number needed to vaccinate (NVN) were estimated for seasons 2014/15 to 2016/17. Results The vaccination strategy averted on average approximately 1833 hospitalizations and 383 deaths per season. Highest NAE was observed in the ≥65 years population (85% of hospitalizations and 95% deaths) and in the 2016/17 season (1957 hospitalizations and 439 deaths). On average, seasonal vaccination prevented 21% of hospitalizations in the population aged 65 and more, and 18.5% in the population with chronic conditions. The vaccination also prevented 29% and 19.5% of deaths in each group of the high-risk population. It would be needed to vaccinate 3360 high-risk individuals, to prevent one hospitalization and 60,471 high-risk individuals to prevent one death. Conclusion The yearly influenza vaccination campaigns had a sustained positive benefit for the high-risk population, reducing hospitalizations and deaths. These results can support public health plans toward increased vaccine coverage in high-risk groups.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document