scholarly journals Acercamiento a escrituras de viaje en Centroamérica durante el siglo XIX: consideraciones de género.

2016 ◽  
pp. 91-112
Author(s):  
Mónica Albizúrez Gil
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Central America ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Siglo Xix

This paper analyzes four texts from the XIX and XX Century. These texts are accounts of the authors' traveling throughout Central America. Each narrative represents different literary genre including travel journals, letters, and fiction. In this paper I analyze silence, anxiety, and aspirations as representation modern gender identity in the isthmus.

scholarly journals ‘A father to the soul and a son to the body’: gender and generation in Robert Southwell’s Epistle to his father

Conversions ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Crawforth
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Religious Conversion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Heavy Load ◽  
The Relationship

In an ‘Epistle to his Father’, the Jesuit priest and poet Robert Southwell signs himself ‘Your most dutiful and loving son’. Dutiful it may be, but loving this letter certainly is not. Southwell threatens his father with a horrifying vision of his ‘departing-bed’, asking him to imagine himself ‘burdened with the heavy load of your former trespasses, and gored with the sting and prick of a festered conscience’, feeling ‘the cramp of death wresting your heart-strings’. This essay considers the relationship between Southwell’s construction of gender identity and his attempts to convert English Protestants – beginning with those in his own family. Southwell’s role as a son, and his relationship to his father, is central here, as this chapter reveals the ways in which early modern masculinity is both engendered and called into question by the process of religious conversion. The chapter also considers a different kind of conversion; that which Southwell effects upon the literary genre of the letter of advice. Drawing out the etymological relationship between ‘gender’, ‘genre’ and ‘generation,’ the analysis work in the interstices of these terms, showing their centrality to the confessional narrative at the heart of this volume.

scholarly journals Circulación político-económica en Centroamérica: el Arco de Conchagua en torno a 1850

Revista Trace ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Clara Pérez Fabregat
Keyword(s):  
El Salvador ◽  
Central America ◽  
Political Mobilization ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Common Space ◽  
Importance Économique ◽  
The Common ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Los Grupos

En Centroamérica, la sucesión de guerras post-federales acontecidas después de 1840 mostró cómo la política de los Estados se desarrolló en un escenario regional dentro del cual se insertó el Arco de Conchagua. La zona circundante al Golfo de Fonseca, compartida por El Salvador, Honduras y Nicaragua, fue cobrando mayor preeminencia económica y estratégica en esos años. Los grupos dominantes fomentaron una concepción de espacio común al buscar apoyos de otros actores interregionales en función de su movilización política e intereses económicos. En este artículo sostenemos que a mediados del siglo XIX la región del Arco de Conchagua fue un espacio de circulación de personas, ideas y negocios con nuevas características, bajo el liderazgo del grupo dominante de San Miguel en la zona oriental de El Salvador. Para comprobarlo abordaremos los antecedentes históricos del espacio común y luego analizaremos los factores sociopolíticos y económicos que configuraron este espacio.Abstract: In Central America, the series of post-federal wars after 1840 showed how State politics were developed in a regional setting, in which the Arch of Conchagua was inserted. The area around the Fonseca Gulf, shared by El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua, acquired a great economic and strategic pre-eminence in those years. The dominant groups encouraged a concept of common space, seeking the support of other interregional actors based on their political mobilization and economic interests. In this paper we assert that during the mid-19th century the region of the Conchagua Arch was a space for the circulation of people, ideas, and businesses with new characteristics, under the leadership of the dominant group of San Miguel in Eastern El Salvador. To prove it we will address the historic background of the common space and later analyze the socio-political and economic factors that led it to be formed.Keywords: Conchagua Arch, Eastern Salvador, Central America, Fonseca Gulf, post-federal wars.Résumé : En Amérique centrale, la succession des guerres dites post-fédérales engagées à compter de 1840 montre à quel point la politique des États se jouait essentiellement sur la scène centre-américaine dans laquelle s’inscrit l’Arc de Conchagua. La zone entourant le Golfe de Fonseca, partagée entre le Salvador, le Honduras et le Nicaragua (ici appelée Arc de Conchagua) a pris une importance économique et stratégique majeure durant cette période. Cette conception de l’espace commun a été favorisée par des groupes dominants qui s’appuyaient sur d’autres acteurs interrégionaux en fonction des luttes politiques qui les mobilisaient. Nous soutenons dans cet article qu’au milieu du XIXe siècle, la région de l’Arc de Conchagua était un nouvel espace de circulation des personnes, des idées et des activités commerciales, sous l’influence du groupe dominant de San Miguel (région orientale du Salvador). Pour démontrer cette hypothèse, nous rappellerons les antécédents historiques de l’espace commun avant d’analyser les facteurs sociopolitiques et économiques qui ont façonné cet espace.Mots-clés : Arc de Conchagua, est du Salvador, Amérique centrale, Golfe de Fonseca, guerres post-fédérales.

scholarly journals El insólito caso de Máximo y Bartola. Las diferencias humanas en el imaginario del siglo XIX

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
San Salvador ◽  
Siglo Xix

A mediados del siglo XIX viajaron por Europa como parte de un espectáculo público dos jóvenes americanos conocidos médicamente como “microcéfalos”. Más común que en la actualidad, la exhibición de enanos, siameses y gigantes en las ferias y circos despertaba la curiosidad de un público ansioso por conocer los entresijos de continentes lejanos y excitantes como África y América. Con un imaginario ávido de lo exótico, donde se creía que fieras amazonas se escondían en las selvas tropicales y que existían ciudades perdidas de oro y plata, estos microcéfalos fueron atrapados por el hambre de conocer la naturaleza y el pasado del hombre americano que sin diferencias se calificaba como azteca. En este contexto se ubica el folleto titulado Memoir of an Eventful Expedition in Central America; Resulting in the Discovery of the Idolatrous City of Iximaya, in an unexplored region: and the possession of two Remarkable Aztec Children, Descendants and Specimens of the Sacerdotal Cast (now nearly extinct) of the Ancient Aztec Founders of the Ruined Temples of that Country, Described by John L. Stevens, Esq., and other Travellers. Translated from the Spanish of Pedro Velasquez of San Salvador. Se trata del relato de una incursión al corazón de Guatemala donde existía una ciudad perdida que preservaba costumbres milenarias intocadas por la mano española y una casta genuina azteca.

scholarly journals “UMA INDÚSTRIA AUSENTE”: A REGIÃO DA AMAZÔNIA NA EXPOSIÇÃO INTERNACIONAL DE LONDRES (1862)

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-181
Author(s):  
Anna Carolina De Abreu Coelho ◽  
Sérgio Moreno Rédon ◽  
Rafael Gonçalves Gumiero ◽  
Andréa Regina De Britto Costa Lopes ◽  
Maria Rita Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Central America ◽  
The South ◽  
Natural Objects ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
América Del Sur ◽  
Brazilian Case

As exposições universais durante o século XIX eram denominadas “festas do progresso”, vitrines para apresentar o melhor de cada país. Essa busca por uma representação civilizada poderia ocorrer de várias formas quando se tratava dos países das américas do sul e central, no caso brasileiro o relatório da Exposição Universal de Londres (1862), escrito por Francisco Inácio de Carvalho Moreira, demonstra uma escolha por ressaltar a diversidade dos produtos provinciais.  Indo ao encontro dessa exposição da diversidade, este artigo busca entender as formas regionais de representação das províncias do Pará e do Amazonas, cujos produtos eram notadamente objetos naturais, advindos do extrativismo, pela comissão brasileira; partindo de uma discussão sobre civilização e natureza na região da Amazônia.Palavras-chave: Região; Exposição; Amazônia; Londres; Natureza; Civilização. AbstractThe universal exhibitions during the nineteenth century were called "festivals of progress", showcases to present the best of each country. This search for a civilized representation could occur in many ways when it came to the countries of the South and Central America, in the Brazilian case the report of the Universal Exhibition of London (1862), written by Francisco Inácio de Carvalho Moreira, shows a choice to emphasize the diversity of provincial products. Going to this exhibition of diversity, the aim is to understand the representation regional forms of Pará and Amazonas provinces, whose products were notably natural objects, derived from extractivism by the Brazilian commission; starting from a discussion about civilization and nature in the Amazon region.Keywords: Region; Exhibition; Amazon; London; Nature; Civilization. ResumenLas exposiciones universales durante el siglo XIX eran llamadas “fiestas de progreso”, escaparates para presentar lo mejor de cada país. Esa búsqueda por una representación civilizada ocurrió de varias formas cuando se trataba de los países de América del Sur y Central. En el caso de Brasil el informe de la Exposición Universal de Londres (1862) escrito por Francisco Inácio de Carvalho Moreira, demuestra una acción por resaltar la diversidad de productos provinciales. Yendo al encuentro de esa exposición de la diversidad, este artículo busca entender las formas regionales de representación de las provincias de los Estados del Pará e del Amazonas escogidas por la comisión brasileña, cuyos productos seleccionados eran mayoritariamente naturales, producidos por la actividad extractiva; iniciando una discusión sobre civilización y naturaleza en la región de la Amazonia.Palabras clave: Región; Exposición Universal; Amazonia; Londres; Naturaleza; Civilización.

scholarly journals Húngaros en los trópicos. Rosti Pál y otros viajeros en el Caribe y en América Central en la segunda parte del siglo XIX

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Jancsó
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Central America ◽  
Panoramic View ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Siglo Xix

The aim of our study is to give a panoramic view of the Hungarian emigration to the Caribbean and Central America during the nineteenth century, concentrating on travelers who arrived to the above mentioned region. We emphasize three distinguished figures, first trying to present briefly Sámuel Wass and Jenő Bánó. We dedicate the second part of the study to a more detailed description of the photographer, Pál Rosti’s journey to America and his work.

scholarly journals La restauración del castillo de Guadamur en el siglo XIX como expresión del romanticismo en España = The Restoration of Guadamur Castle in the XIXth Century as an Expression of Romanticism in Spain

2019 ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Alejandro De la Fuente Escribano
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Material Recovery ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Travel Books ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Siglo Xix

Tras muchos años de abandono y en estado de ruina, el castillo de Guadamur (Toledo) fue restaurado entre 1887 y 1900 por Carlos Morenés y Tord, IV Barón de las Cuatro Torres, VI conde del Asalto, bajo el asesoramiento de Jerónimo López de Ayala. Esta recuperación material puede ser interpretada como la culminación de un proceso iniciado a finales del siglo XVIII, sustentado por la ideología romántica y la reivindicación del medievalismo. Gracias al análisis de los libros de viajes, como nuevo género literario, y los testimonios de los periodistas románticos comprendemos la génesis de la recuperación y puesta en valor de un indudable monumento histórico-artístico.AbstractAfter many years of abandonment and in a state of ruin, the castle of Guadamur (Toledo) was restored between 1887 and 1900 by Carlos Morenés and Tord, IV Baron de Cuatro Torres, VI Count of Asalto, under the supervision of Jerónimo López de Ayala. This material recovery can be interpreted as the culmination of a process that begun in the late eighteenth century and that was supported by the romantic ideology and the medieval revival. Thanks to the analysis of travel books, as a new literary genre, and testimonies of romantic journalists, we understand the genesis of the recovery and enhancement of an undoubted historical-artistic monument.

scholarly journals Frank Vincent's in and out of Central America: a traveler's vision of Costa Rica in the 1890s

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Central America ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Siglo Xix

En 1890, Frank Vincent publicó un libro acerca de Centroamérica titulado In and Out of Central America and Other Sketches and Studies of Travel. El capítulo sobre Costa Rica no se publicó ni en Costa Rica en el siglo XIX, de Ricardo Fernández Guardia, ni en Entre Silladas y Rejoyas: Viajeros por Costa Rica de 1850 a 1950, del autor Miguel Ángel Quesada. Por primera vez, aparece aquí traducido al español para aquellos lectores centroamericanos de relatos de viajes de norteamericanos. Vincent, quien viajó por Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras y El Salvador en 1887, arriba a Puntarenas y sigue su camino a través de Esparta y Atenas hacia San José y, finalmente, Cartago, al mismo tiempo que detalla los lugares que visita.

DESPATOLOGIZANDO LA SEMÁNTICA DISCURSIVA DE LA TRANSEXUALIDAD

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1/4) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Jaime Alonso Caravaca-Morera ◽  
Maria Itayra Padilha
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Health Access ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
La Red

El presente estudio objetivó problematizar algunos elementos intrínsecos en la experiencia trans, a fin de provocar unareflexión sobre la posibilidad de su despatologización y el reconocimiento de la trans-autonomía. Analizando históricamentela constitución del discurso sexual, se percibe cómo la norma cisgenérica culminó en la consolidación del saber psiquiátricodel siglo XIX y, consecuentemente, en la patologización de algunas experiencias identitarias. En esta perspectiva, aunque laasociación entre el diagnóstico de la transexualidad haya viabilizado la institucionalización del debate sobre la asistencia aese grupo en la red de salud, se debe problematizar la complejidad que envuelve comprender la experiencia trans como unaenfermedad y el no reconocimiento de la trans-autonomía.Descriptores: Transexualidad, Identidad de Género, Sexo, Género, Autonomía Personal.DEPATHOLOGIZING THE SEMANTIC DISCURSIVE OF TRANSSEXUALITYThis study is aimed at analyzing some intrinsic elements in the transgender experience in order to reflect on the possibility ofdepathologization and the recognition of the trans-autonomy. From the historical analyses of the constitution of the sexualdiscourse, it can be perceived that the cisgender norm, culminated with the establishment of the psychiatric knowledge and,consequently, with the pathologization of some behavioral experiences. In this perspective, although the association betweenthe diagnosis of the transsexuality has made viable the institutionalization of the debate and the health access; we mustproblematize the complexity involved in understanding the trans experience as a disease and the non-recognition of the transautonomy;Descriptors: Transsexuality, Gender Identity, Sex, Gender, Personal Autonomy.DESPATOLOGIZANDO A SEMÂNTICA DISCURSIVA DA TRANSEXUALIDADEO presente estudo objetivou problematizar alguns elementos intrínsecos na experiência trans, com o intuito de refletir sobrea possibilidade da despatologização e do reconhecimento da trans-autonomia. Analisando historicamente a constituiçãodo discurso sexual, percebe-se como a norma cisgenérica culminou na consolidação do saber psiquiátrico do século XIX e,consequentemente, com a patalogização de algumas experiências identitárias. Nesta perspectiva, embora a associação entre odiagnóstico trans tenha viabilizado a institucionalização do debate sobre a assistência para esse grupo na rede de saúde, deveseproblematizar a complexidade que envolve compreender a experiência trans como uma doença e o não reconhecimento datrans-autonomia.Descritores: Transexualidade, Identidade de Gênero, Sexo, Género, Autonomia Pessoal.

Effects of Gender, Parental Role, and Time on Infant- and Adult-Directed Read and Spontaneous Speech

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 4001-4014
Author(s):  
Melanie Weirich ◽  
Adrian Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
First Year ◽  
Space Size ◽  
Vowel Space ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Phonetic Features ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Description Task

Purpose The study sets out to investigate inter- and intraspeaker variation in German infant-directed speech (IDS) and considers the potential impact that the factors gender, parental involvement, and speech material (read vs. spontaneous speech) may have. In addition, we analyze data from 3 time points prior to and after the birth of the child to examine potential changes in the features of IDS and, particularly also, of adult-directed speech (ADS). Here, the gender identity of a speaker is considered as an additional factor. Method IDS and ADS data from 34 participants (15 mothers, 19 fathers) is gathered by means of a reading and a picture description task. For IDS, 2 recordings were made when the baby was approximately 6 and 9 months old, respectively. For ADS, an additional recording was made before the baby was born. Phonetic analyses comprise mean fundamental frequency (f0), variation in f0, the 1st 2 formants measured in /i: ɛ a u:/, and the vowel space size. Moreover, social and behavioral data were gathered regarding parental involvement and gender identity. Results German IDS is characterized by an increase in mean f0, a larger variation in f0, vowel- and formant-specific differences, and a larger acoustic vowel space. No effect of gender or parental involvement was found. Also, the phonetic features of IDS were found in both spontaneous and read speech. Regarding ADS, changes in vowel space size in some of the fathers and in mean f0 in mothers were found. Conclusion Phonetic features of German IDS are robust with respect to the factors gender, parental involvement, speech material (read vs. spontaneous speech), and time. Some phonetic features of ADS changed within the child's first year depending on gender and parental involvement/gender identity. Thus, further research on IDS needs to address also potential changes in ADS.

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