scholarly journals Rasgos hidrográficos y batimétricos del Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Ostional y áreas adyacentes, Guanacaste, Costa Rica

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Carlos Luis Brenes ◽  
Amaru Márquez ◽  
Wagner Quirós ◽  
Rosario Benavides
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Subtropical Water ◽  
Tropical Water ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Northern Pacific ◽  
Pacific Area

Entre el 6 y el 11 de febrero del 2012, se realizó un levantamiento hidrográfico y batimétrico en la región situada entre Punta Guiones y Cuajiniquil, en el Pacífico norte de Costa Rica. Las temperaturas superficiales se ubicaron entre los 25.5 y 27.5°C, y el rango salino superficial estuvo entre 33.2 y 33.8 PSU. La termoclina se localizó a los 20 m en el extremo norte de la región, mientras que en el extremo sur, desde Ostional hasta Guiones, se observó ligeramente más profunda, alrededor de los 25 m. El espesor de la capa de mezcla fue de 10 m en toda el área estudiada. Dos giros, uno ciclónico y otro anticiclónico, se registraron en la región frente a Ostional. Los estratos superficiales estuvieron ocupados por el Agua Superficial Tropical (AST), con salinidades inferiores a 34 PSU y temperaturas superiores a 26°C, y los niveles intermedios (~ 50 m), por el Agua Subsuperficial Subtropical (ASS), caracterizada por un núcleo salino cercano a las 35 PSU. La batimetría de la región muestra isóbatas paralelas a la costa, con una elevación alrededor de los 20 m de profundidad en el extremo sur de la zona estudiada. El grado de inclinación o pendientes no sobrepasaron los 14.5°. Abstract Between February 6 and 11, 2012, a hydrographic cruise and bathymetric sounding were conducted in the region located between Guiones and Cuajiniquil, in the Northern Pacific area of Costa Rica. The range of surface temperatures is 25.5 to 27.5°C, and the saline surface ranges between 33.2 and 33.8 PSU. The thermocline is located at 20 m at the northern end of the region, while at the southern end, from Ostional up to Guiones, it was observed slightly deeper, approximately 25 m deep. The thickness of the mixed layer was 10 m in virtually all the studied area. Two gyres, one cyclonic and another anticyclonic, were observed in front of Ostional. The surface layers were occupied by the Surface Tropical Water (STW), with salinities below 34 PSU and temperatures greater than 26°C, and the intermediate levels (~ 50 m) by the Subsurface Subtropical Water (SSW), characterized by a saline core near 35 PSU. The bathymetry of the region shows isobaths parallel to the coast, with an elevation close to 20 m deep at the southern end of this area. The degree of inclination did not exceed 14.5°.

scholarly journals Mysidopsis gemina n. sp. (Crustacea: Mysida: Mysidae) from the northern Pacific coast of Costa Rica

Nauplius ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Wayne Price ◽  
Richard W. Heard ◽  
Rita Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Northern Pacific

scholarly journals New foraging grounds for hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) and green turtles (Chelonia mydas) along the northern Pacific coast of Costa Rica, Central America

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maike Heidemeyer ◽  
Randall Arauz-Vargas ◽  
Erick López-Agüero
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Central America ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
Eretmochelys Imbricata ◽  
Green Turtles ◽  
Northern Pacific

<p>Existe poca información disponible sobre los sitios de forrajeo de las poblaciones de tortugas marinas del Pacífico Oriental, lo cual dificulta el diseño de estrategias de conservación tanto en el ámbito nacional como internacional.  Realizamos observaciones en cinco sitios a lo largo del Pacífico Norte de Costa Rica (Cabo Blanco, Punta Coyote, Punta Pargos, Punta Argentina y Bahía Matapalito) entre el 2010-2013, utilizando redes de enmalle tortugueras con luz de malla de 45 cm, con el objetivo de explorar y documentar nuevos sitios de forrajeo.  Estandarizamos la Captura Por Unidad de Esfuerzo (CPUE) como tortugas capturada por 100m de relinga superior por hora de inmersión, el cual varió de 0.06 en Punta Pargos hasta 0.58 en Bahía Matapalito para tortugas carey (Eretmochelys imbricata), y de 0.01 en Punta Coyota hasta 0.10 en Cabo Blanco para tortugas verde del Pacífico (Chelonia mydas).  Encontramos rangos de tamaño específicos por sitio para E.imbricata en Bahía Matapalito y Cabo Blanco, con promedio ± Desviación Estándar (SD) del Largo Curvo de Caparazón (CCL) de 42.46 ± 17.66cm y 61.25±13.08cm respectivamente.  Tan solo se encontró un individuo en los demás sitios con CCL de 49.6cm hasta 60.5 cm.  Se capturaron tortugas verde en tres de los sitios observados, con CCL de 67.67±19.44cm en Cabo Blanco, 69.40±9.40cm en Punta Coyote. y un único individuo en Bahía Matapalito con un CCL de 56.2cm. La ausencia de clases de tamaño de adultos para E.imbricata, así como de clases de tamaño de juveniles para la tortuga verde del Pacífico, enfatiza la complejidad de la distribución específica por especies durante las distintas fases de vida de las tortugas marinas en el Pacífico Oriental, y la necesidad emergente de implementar monitoreos a largo plazo en diferentes sitios a lo largo del Pacífico Norte del país para comprender la conectividad entre hábitats. El presente estudio revela la existencia de sitios de forrajeo frágiles desprotegidos para la tortuga carey y verde en el Pacífico norte de Costa Rica, y sirve de guía para futuras iniciativas de investigación para fortalecer estrategias de conservación en el ámbito nacional e internacional.</p>

scholarly journals Diagnosing Surface Mixed Layer Dynamics from High-Resolution Satellite Observations: Numerical Insights

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1345-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelien L. Ponte ◽  
Patrice Klein ◽  
Xavier Capet ◽  
Pierre-Yves Le Traon ◽  
Bertrand Chapron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Mesoscale Eddy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Surface Mixed Layer ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Velocity Scale

Abstract High-resolution numerical experiments of ocean mesoscale eddy turbulence show that the wind-driven mixed layer (ML) dynamics affects mesoscale motions in the surface layers at scales lower than O(60 km). At these scales, surface horizontal currents are still coherent to, but weaker than, those derived from sea surface height using geostrophy. Vertical motions, on the other hand, are stronger than those diagnosed using the adiabatic quasigeotrophic (QG) framework. An analytical model, based on a scaling analysis and on simple dynamical arguments, provides a physical understanding and leads to a parameterization of these features in terms of vertical mixing. These results are valid when the wind-driven velocity scale is much smaller than that associated with eddies and the Ekman number (related to the ratio between the Ekman and ML depth) is not small. This suggests that, in these specific situations, three-dimensional ML motions (including the vertical velocity) can be diagnosed from high-resolution satellite observations combined with a climatological knowledge of ML conditions and interior stratification.

scholarly journals Formation and Subduction of North Pacific Tropical Water and Their Interannual Variability

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 2400-2415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shota Katsura ◽  
Eitarou Oka ◽  
Bo Qiu ◽  
Niklas Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Interannual Variation ◽  
North Pacific Subtropical Gyre ◽  
The North ◽  
Tropical Water ◽  
Eastern Site ◽  
The North Pacific

Abstract Formation and subduction of the North Pacific Tropical Water (NPTW), its interannual variability, and its associated mechanisms were investigated by using gridded Argo-profiling float data and various surface flux data in 2003–11. The NPTW has two formation sites in the center of the North Pacific subtropical gyre, corresponding to two regional sea surface salinity maxima. Mixed layer salinity variations in these two NPTW formation sites were found to be significantly different. While seasonal variation was prominent in the eastern formation site, interannual variation was dominant in the western site. The mixed layer salinity variation in the eastern site was controlled mainly by evaporation, precipitation, and entrainment of fresher water below the mixed layer and was closely related to the seasonal variation of the mixed layer depth. In the western site, the effect of entrainment is small due to a small vertical difference in salinity across the mixed layer base, and excess evaporation over precipitation that tended to be balanced by eddy diffusion, whose strength varied interannually in association with the Pacific decadal oscillation. After subduction, denser NPTW that formed in the eastern site dissipated quickly, while the lighter one that formed in the western site was advected westward as far as the Philippine Sea, transmitting the interannual variation of salinity away from its formation region.

scholarly journals Genotype by environment interaction and teak (Tectona grandis L.) selection in Costa Rica

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
O. Murillo ◽  
M.D.V. de Resende ◽  
Y. Badilla ◽  
J.P. Gamboa
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Progeny Trial ◽  
Northern Pacific ◽  
Gxe Interactions ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract A teak progeny trial was established with four replicates at different sites along the northern Pacific region of Costa Rica. The trials followed a randomized block design, with 28 open pollinated families and 36 seedlings per family per site. Data from 7 years-old trees was analyzed both for each test location separately and for all locations combined. High individual heritability was found for diameter, which translates to higher breeding potential. The all locations combined analysis showed high genetic variation, with individual heritabilities reaching up to 22 %. Genotype by Environment (GxE) interactions explained only 2.5 % of total phenotypic variation. The genetic correlation (rg) among all four sites was 0.69. Hence, it is concluded that GxE interactions are not problematic for breeding purposes since they are not complex in nature. This teak breeding population showed strong genetic stability and performed well in most environments in the study area. The Hojancha location showed high genetic correlation with all other sites; therefore, it should be chosen for future testing and selection of elite genotypes. Selection of the 20 best individuals, allowing for up to two individuals per family, would result in a 1.78 cm (11 %) gain in diameter. Furthermore, based on this selection the inbreeding coefficient (F) in the offspring would only reach 2.9 %, while the expected effective population size (Ne) would be16.97 individuals. This selection scheme could reduce rotation age by almost two years, since the diameter goal of 40 cm would be reached earlier than the usual 20 years cycle. The results suggest that the progeny trial can be maintained as a single breeding population, suitable for planting in any site along the Northern Pacific region of Costa Rica.

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