scholarly journals Militarization's long shadow: Namibia's legacy of armed violence

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
African Country ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Short History ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Sustainable Peace ◽  
Southern African Country ◽  
Contemporary Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
Armed Violence

Reviewing how the legacy of Namibia's armed conflict has influenced its path of post-conflict reconstruction, the article reflects on the limitations and failures of efforts geared toward the fostering of sustainable peace and the consolidation of democracy. It begins with a short history of the Namibian conflict, then details the immediate post- independence period, focusing on peacebuilding and democratic consolidation (or the lack thereof), and concludes by considering the militaristic dimensions of governance and nation-building in Namibia, emphasizing the links between the legacy of armed violence and contemporary life and politics in this southern African country.

scholarly journals Wish You Were Here; A Short History of New Zealand Muslims and Integration

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-370
Author(s):  
Abdullah Drury
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
Court Case ◽  
Short History ◽  
Muslim Immigrants ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
English Speaking World

The recent court case of the Australian terrorist responsible for murdering 51 worshippers inside two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand, has focused attention on this South Pacific nation. Nation-building, with its inherent practices of inclusion and exclusion into the social hierarchy, began here in the nineteenth century and accelerated throughout the twentieth century. History of Muslims in New Zealand, or New Zealand Islam, is a rich narrative illustrative of tendencies and biases that are both common to, as well as divergent from, patterns elsewhere in the English speaking world and Western societies in general. The integration of Muslim immigrants and refugees, and converts to Islam, into this complex social bricolage, however, has been challenging and at times convoluted. This essay will support us to consider why and how this is the case.

Contested Peace: The Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord

Social Change ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-274
Author(s):  
S.M. Sadat al Sajib ◽  
Muhammad Kazim Nur Sohad
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Chittagong Hill Tracts ◽  
Peace Accord ◽  
Regional Autonomy ◽  
Sustainable Peace ◽  
History Of

Located in the south-east corner of Bangladesh, the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) have a history of a vicious conflict between its Bengali settlers and the Paharis, specifically the indigenous community, the Pahari-adivasis. The region’s already volatile background further escalated thanks to the nation-building approach that was being followed by the state after Bangladesh became independent in 1971. This inclination triggered an insurgency movement whose leaders demanded regional autonomy and a recognition of their identity so that people could lead a life of dignity. To quell the movement, the state resorted to military force. Later to introduce peace, the CHT Peace Accord was signed in 1997. However, though it did succeed in bringing about an element of stability, the accord failed in its larger objective as it excluded the engagement of the larger mass of Pahari people. Just over twenty years after the accord was signed, we examine, through a research study, why it neither lead to sustainable peace nor was it successful in its goal of conflict management.

The Taliban Layeha for Mujahidin and the Law of Armed Conflict

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niaz A. Shah
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Short History ◽  
Law Of Armed Conflict ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Law ◽  
International Character ◽  
Better Than

In 2010 the Taliban issued a third edition of their Layeha. The Layeha contains Rules and Regulations of Jihad for Mujahidin. This article first details the short history of the Layeha published by the Taliban. Subsequently its content is analysed and compared with the international law of armed conflict that applies in conflicts of an international and non-international character. The author demonstrates that, whilst some rules are incompatible or ambiguous, most rules of the Layeha are compatible with the international law of armed conflict. Compliance with the rules that are compatible could help to achieve the objectives of the law of armed conflict: to minimise unnecessary suffering in armed conflict. The author submits that considering that the Taliban are engaged in fighting in Afghanistan and that they have control of or influence in parts Afghanistan, it is encouraging that they have produced such a self-imposed code. Any minimum restraint, whether self-imposed or imposed by municipal or international law, is better than no restraint at all.

scholarly journals Erythematous Skin Nodules in a Patient Living in Southern Africa: Pseudolymphoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-157
Author(s):  
João Borges-Costa ◽  
Jorge Seixas ◽  
Luís Soares de Almeida ◽  
Heinz Kutzner
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
African Country ◽  
Caucasian Male ◽  
Southern African Country ◽  
History Of ◽  
Skin Nodules ◽  
Erythematous Skin

The differential diagnosis of long-lasting erythematous skin nodules in patients living in Africa is broad. We report a clinical case of a 65-year-old Caucasian male, living in a Southern African Country, presenting to our department with an eight- -month history of erythematous skin nodules on the trunk and limbs. The diagnosis was B-pseudolymphoma and we discuss its aetiology and differential diagnosis.

scholarly journals Education Between “Peace” and “Justice” in Times of Armed Conflict and Reconciliation – the Colombian Case

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus D. Meier ◽  
Manuel Páez
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Peace Building ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Peace And Justice ◽  
History Of ◽  
Educational Requirements ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Education For Peace

This article deals with the role of education for peace building in the context of the Colombian post-conflict. It locates the former in the context of pragmatist and legalist approaches to post-conflict phases and analyses its “buffer role” between the two. A brief introduction to the history of the Colombian conflict is followed by theoretical considerations about educational aspects of the armed conflict and the educational requirements for successful “phases of transition”. The problem of the fragile balance between “supporting the victim” and “reintegrating the victimizer” is seen as a systemic challenge to the community, but also to society at large. Conclusively, the problem of “pedagogical stagings” is discussed in this context. 

Winning the war, but losing the peace? The dilemma of SPLM/A civil administration and the tasks ahead

2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Branch ◽  
Zachariah Cherian Mampilly
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Ethnic Politics ◽  
Southern Sudan ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Sustainable Peace ◽  
Political Tension ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Project

The debate over peace in Sudan has centred on the ongoing talks in Naivasha, Kenya. This paper argues, however, that sustainable peace is not simply a function of the implementation of an agreement between the SPLA and Khartoum, but that other fracture lines will run through post-conflict Sudan. Here we draw attention to the rupture between the Dinka, dominant within the SPLA, and the Equatorian peoples of the far south, hundreds of thousands of whom were driven from their homes or faced with economic and political oppression under SPLA occupation. As these refugees return, it will be through local government structures that Equatorians will or will not be integrated into the SPLA political project for Southern Sudan. Thus, local government figures prominently in the possibility for sustainable peace. We describe the origins and structure of local government in Southern Sudan, situating it in the history of political tension between Dinka and Equatorians. We then describe the challenge of equitably distributing land and foreign aid to returnees in the context of ethnic politics and a massive NGO presence.

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