scholarly journals Two-Locus Likelihoods Under Variable Population Size and Fine-Scale Recombination Rate Estimation

Genetics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 203 (3) ◽  
pp. 1381-1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Kamm ◽  
Jeffrey P. Spence ◽  
Jeffrey Chan ◽  
Yun S. Song
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Recombination Rate ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Rate Estimation ◽  
Variable Population ◽  
Variable Population Size

Quantum Inspired Algorithm for a VRP with Heterogeneous Fleet Mixed Backhauls and Time Windows

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meryem Berghida ◽  
Abdelmadjid Boukra
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Vehicle Routing ◽  
Vehicle Routing Problem ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Harmony Search ◽  
Routing Problem ◽  
Heterogeneous Fleet ◽  
Variable Population ◽  
Variable Population Size

This paper presents a new Quantum Inspired Harmony Search algorithm with Variable Population Size QIHSVPS for a complex variant of vehicle routing problem (VRP), called HVRPMBTW (Vehicle Routing Problem with Heterogeneous fleet, Mixed Backhauls and Time Windows). This variant is characterized by a limited number of vehicles with various capacities and costs. The vehicles serve two types of customers: linehauls customers and backhauls customers. Each customer must be visited in a specific interval of time. The authors propose to use quantum principles to accelerate evolution process and variable population size to decrease the number of solution's evaluation, when the improvement is insignificant. This new approach was tested on benchmarks and produces satisfactory results compared to other approaches.

scholarly journals Linguistic Complexity: Relationships Between Phoneme Inventory Size, Syllable Complexity, Word and Clause Length, and Population Size

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertraud Fenk-Oczlon ◽  
Jürgen Pilz
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Linguistic Complexity ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Monosyllabic Words ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Variable Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Statistical Relationships ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Variable Population Size

Starting from a view on language as a complex, hierarchically organized system composed of many parts that have many interactions, this paper investigates statistical relationships between the linguistic variables “phoneme inventory size,” “syllable size,” “length of words,” “length of clauses,” and the nonlinguistic variable “population size.” By analyzing parallel textual material of 61 languages (18 language families) we found strong positive correlations between phoneme inventory size, mean number of phonemes per syllable, and mean number of monosyllables. We observed significant negative correlations between phoneme inventory size and the mean length of words and the mean length of clauses, measured as number of syllables. We then correlated the linguistic complexity data with estimated speaker population sizes and could reveal that languages with more speakers tend to have more phonemes per syllable, shorter words in number of syllables, a higher number of monosyllabic words, and a higher number of words per clause. Moreover, we reproduce the results of former studies that found a positive correlation between population size and phoneme inventory size for our language sample. The findings are discussed in light of previous research and within the framework of Systemic Typology. We propose that syllable complexity is a key factor in the correlations identified in this study, and that Zipf's law of Abbreviation explains the associations between “word length,” “syllable complexity,” “phoneme inventory size,” and the extralinguistic variable “population size.”

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