scholarly journals The Influence of High-Dispersed Barium Titanate, in Films With Addition of, and Based on Poly(Vinylidene) Fluoride), on Structure and Electrophysical Properties of Ones

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-409
Author(s):  
L. S. Dzubenko ◽  
S. M. Makhno ◽  
O. O. Sapyanenko ◽  
P. P. Gorbyk
Keyword(s):  
Barium Titanate ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
A Value ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Very High Frequencies ◽  
Very High

With the aim of the creation of effective electret materials, the composite films, based on poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVF), in addition with segnetoelectric of barium titanate (BaTiO3) were obtained in the concentration range of 0.5 – 5.0 %vol.  There are PVF’s melting temperature range becomes narrower, when at 0.5 – 1.0 % vol. of, and, this pointing on more homogeneous crystallite formation by dimensions in. When at high content (5.0 % vol.) of BaTiO3, there is a decrease of crystallization temperature observed (at 5 ºC), and then, there is temperature range broadening exists, and this pointing on forming of larger, but less homogeneous crystallites by dimensions in. It is determined, when composite films of PVF - BaTiO3 , that surface charge is more stable at BaTiO3 content of 4.0 %vol. in, and then, one reaches a value of 10-6 Cl/m2, when at conditions of treatment with electric field and crown discharge, and, at film charge value of 500 kV/m in. There are non-linear dependence of dielectric permittivity exists, either when at low, or very high frequencies, and this may be linked with the influence of high-disperse addition on polymers crystalline structure formation, and sub-surface layers of one.

An ammeter for very high frequencies

1930 ◽  
Vol 68 (401) ◽  
pp. 556-559
Author(s):  
C.L. Fortescue ◽  
L.A. Moxon
Keyword(s):  
High Frequencies ◽  
Very High Frequencies ◽  
Very High

scholarly journals Idiotypic analysis of potential and available repertoires in the arsonate system.

1984 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Slaoui ◽  
O Leo ◽  
J Marvel ◽  
M Moser ◽  
J Hiernaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Specific Subset ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Very High Frequencies ◽  
Very High ◽  
Limiting Dilution

We have shown that, by suitable idiotypic manipulation, BALB/c mice can express the major cross-reactive idiotype (CRI) of A/J mice in response to azophenylarsonate (Ars). In order to know if the CRIA idiotype is present in the potential repertoire of BALB/c before any intentional selection, we used polyclonal activation in vitro and limiting dilution analysis. The readout was done with two monoclonal anti-CRIA antibodies that recognize distinct idiotopes on a CRIA+ A/J germline-encoded monoclonal antibody. We studied the frequency of CRIA+ lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-reactive cells in the spleens of nonimmune and immune A/J mice and in the spleens of naive and manipulated (i.e., producing CRIA+ antibodies) BALB/c mice. A/J and BALB/c naive individuals presented very high frequencies of Ars-specific B cells while the frequency of CRIA+ B cells was only a minor subset (0.5%) of the total Ars-specific subset in the two strains. When A/J mice were immunized with Ars-keyhole limpet hemocyanin, a clear preferential expansion of the CRIA+ minor subset of A/J mice was observed (100x). No such enhancement was observed in BALB/c mice similarly treated. Manipulated BALB/c mice presented a higher frequency of CRIA+ anti-Ars B cells than naive or antigen-immunized BALB/c individuals.

The structural spectra of high dilutions and their unconventional application

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Saurav Arora
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Water Structure ◽  
Laser Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Laser Raman ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
High Dilutions

Until few years, the so-called implausible science, homeopathy, was on the verge of being rejected on conventional physicochemical grounds. The mere selection of ultrahigh dilutions (UHD) (homeopathic potencies) for experimentation by mainstream scientists seemed impossible, but the curiosity to explore the science behind homeopathy kept igniting intellectual alma mater who subjected homeopathy to laboratories and test tubes, to know beyond its clinical application. Still, there exist a huge gap and a challenge to convince a conventional scientist to go beyond his domains and look for something which is apparently invisible (beyond Avogadro). But gradually we are overcoming this dogma and exploring the finer aspects and applications of UHDs. Much research has been undertaken, at least, to protect the identity of UHDs, and we are now verge of proving the plausibility of homeopathy from every aspect. This issue of International Journal of High Dilution Research features two interesting articles on nature of UHDs and their unconventional application. The first article by NC Sukul et al aimed to decipher the nature of the water structure of UHDs of two commonly used homeopathic drugs Natrum muriaticum and Sulphur by Laser Raman Spectroscopy. This work is in the series undertaken by the group, who earlier experimented using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; Electronic, Vibrational and Raman spectroscopy to shown differences in UHDs of various drugs. The present experiment could differentiate the intensities (potencies) of Nat-m and Sulph when compared to their controls, on the basis of hydrogen bond strength and free OH groups. The second article by Nandy et al proposes a new dimension to the application of UHD. In an interesting manner, the author used UHDs of Ferrum metallicum and Zincum oxidatum to improve the electrical properties of the electroactive Poly (vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP). The PVDF-HFP composite films were synthesized in their usual way, but an incorporation of Ferrum and Zinc-o could make the film as homeo-PVDF-composite. This enhancement of the electrical properties and are possibly due to the presence of nanoparticle, as hypothesized by the group. The nature and application of UHDs are promising but challenging areas, which can only be validated through extensive research and validation. The realm of UHDs is expanding, and the day is not far when plausibility of homeopathy would be proved from every aspect, but at the same time we should also keep the momentum of research at pace in clinical research too!

scholarly journals 3D-printed barium titanate/poly-(vinylidene fluoride) nano-hybrids with anisotropic dielectric properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (47) ◽  
pp. 12430-12440 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Phatharapeetranun ◽  
B. Ksapabutr ◽  
D. Marani ◽  
J. R. Bowen ◽  
V. Esposito
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Barium Titanate ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Anisotropic Dielectric ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Dielectric Devices

“3D-printed” anisotropy BTNFs/PVDF nanohybrids are successfully fabricated by the FDM technique which is attractive for developing novel functionalities in dielectric devices.

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