scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the mineral and acid composition of Verbascum thapsus and Verbascum marschallianum

2017 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Manshuk Nykmukanova ◽  
Assemgul Turalyeva ◽  
Balakyz Yeskaliyeva ◽  
Gaukhar Burasheva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Verbascum Thapsus ◽  
Wide Range

Results of the study of the chemical composition of aerial parts of two plant species - Verbascum thapsus and Verbascum marschallianum of the Scrophulariaceae family collected during the fruiting period in the Altai region of Kazakhstan are presented in the article. The quantitative and qualitative composition of biologically active substances was determined. Samples of Verbascum thapsus, contain 0.63% alkaloids, 0.43% saponins, 0.15% organic acids, 2.30% tannins, 1.07% flavonoids, 0.43% coumarins and 1.62% iridoids. Samples of Verbascum marschallianum contain 0.69% alkaloids, 0.50% saponins, 0.65% organic acids, 1.02% tannins, 1.45% flavonoids, 0.96% coumarins, 2.29% iridoids. The variety of biologically active compounds present in the studied plant species results in a wide range of biological activity. A comparative analysis of the mineral, amino and fatty acid composition of plants Verbascum thapsus and Verbascum marschallianum was carried out. The total content of free amino acids was 83.86-85.84%. Analysis of the mineral composition showed the presence of 11 mineral elements: K, Na, Mg, Ca, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Fe, Ni, Mn, which allows us to recommend the studied plants as a raw material rich in macro- and microelements.

PRODUCTION OF BLENDED JUICE FROM PUMPKIN, QUINCE, PERSIMMON

2018 ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
I. A. Kyazimova ◽  
А. А. Kasumova ◽  
А. А. Nabiev
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Aliphatic Acids ◽  
Free Glucose ◽  
Dietary Value ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

Production of plant products, including juices around the world increases continuously. In the fruit and vegetable juices contain a significant amount of monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), organic acids, vitamins, phenolic compounds, mineral substances and other biologically active components that determine the nutritional and dietary value. For the prevention of various diseases associated with impaired metabolic processes, we developed a new technology of preparation of food by blending juice of pumpkin, quince and persimmon. Thus prepared organic blended juice contains a substantial amount of free glucose and fructose, different phenolic compounds, a sufficient amount of organic acids, mineral elements, including iodine and other components that determine its nutritional and biological value. In prepared juices were evaluated the quantitative indicators of β-carotene, vitamin C, glucose and fructose, sucrose, starch, pectin substances. Also in the atomic absorbtion spectrometer Analyst 400 (PerkinElmer, USA) was analyzed content of the organic acids and phenolic compounds. Prepared juices were tested in accordance with 10 point scoring scale. It is established that all juices contain a sufficient amount of the minerals. In pumpkin and quince juices not contain iodine while it presents in sufficient amount in persimmon juice that’s why in the blended juice mineral in addition to mineral elements iodine are contained. In pumpkin and persimmon aliphatic acids are contained in small amount. For this reason during the blending process was used quince juice which is rich in aliphatic acids. The blended juice is light straw color, with delicious flavor, a slight astringent property and a balanced taste.

scholarly journals PLANT-BASED MILK ANALOGUES IN THE NUTRITION OF PEOPLE WITH NUTRITION-DEPENDENT NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASES

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Pritulska ◽  
I. Motuzka ◽  
A. Koshelnyk ◽  
M. Jarossová ◽  
A. Lacková
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fenugreek Seeds ◽  
Product Group ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Treatment Procedures

A recent tendency in Ukraine is the changes in the structure of food consumption, which are caused by the reduced consumption of some product groups and by their decreasing quality. A persisting problem is that affordable and easy-to-consume food products made with due consideration of the needs of patients with certain categories of diseases can hardly be found on the domestic market. The products present on the domestic market are all imported, available in a limited assortment, very expensive, and not customised to suit all the specific needs of human metabolism. Approaches to the nutrition of patients with certain types of nutrition-dependent and non-infectious diseases have been analysed. It has been established that аn effective component in the diet of patients with non-infectious diseases can be plant-based milk analogues. It has been determined how important it is to use domestic raw materials: it will contribute to expanding domestic production, will help the gross domestic product growth, and will reduce the product’s costs, thus reducing the costs of diagnostic and treatment procedures. It has been established that the assortment of plant-based milk analogues is constantly expanding. The vegetable raw material conventionally used to make this product group has been analysed. It has been shown that fenugreek seeds can be most effectively used to make special food products (in particular, plant-based milk analogues) for the nutritional support of patients with non-infectious diseases. This is feasible due to the availability of the raw material, simple cultivating conditions, the chemical composition of the product (e. g. a wide range of biologically active substances), low costs of the product when it is made from domestic raw materials, and the simple production technology. It is expected that manufacture of milk analogues from fenugreek seeds will widen the assortment of this product group, and satisfy the target consumers’ needs of safe and high quality products that offer an alternative to imports.

scholarly journals Лексико-семантический анализ лексемы балтырған (с использованием материалов корпуса башкирского языка)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1406-1414
Author(s):  
Anita Sh. Ishmukhametova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Plant Names ◽  
The World

Identification of names of plant curatives and substances in folk and fiction texts shows close interactions between man and the world, attitudes of people towards nature. Research in phytonyms and medicinal plant names proper is most essential for the understanding of a nation’s cultural heritage. The paper examines the lexeme балтырған in Bashkir discourse. Materials. The analyzed materials include linguistic dictionaries, folklore and fiction texts of the Machine Fund of the Bashkir Language, and etymological dictionaries of Altaic languages. Goals. The study aims at a comparative investigation of the lexeme балтырған ‘hogweed’. Results. The term proves a widespread phytonym in Bashkir discourse, which is attested by that it denotes a wide range of plant species in Bashkir and has parallels in other Turkic and Mongolic languages. The lexeme is included in academic, explanatory, dialectal, phrasal, and mythological dictionaries of the Bashkir language. The comparative analysis shows that baltyrγan ‘hogweed’ usually denotes a plant of the order Apiales, a medicinal herb. Baltyrγan~ baltirγana contains the initial bal / baltïr / baldïr with the meaning ‘green, young, fresh’.

scholarly journals ABOUT TRAINING IN THE DETERMINATION OF TOCOPHEROLS IN VEGETABLE RAW MATERIAL BY HPLC

2020 ◽  
pp. 225-231
Author(s):  
Svetlana Nikolayevna Petrova ◽  
Irina Aleksandrovna Maksimova ◽  
Anastasiya Ruslanovna Yeshchenko ◽  
Yelena Mikhaylovna Mineyeva
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Polar Solvent ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Direct Extraction ◽  
Hydrolysis Method ◽  
Low Temperature Exposure

Tocopherols, which are important biologically active substances, play the role of antioxidants. Synthesized tocopherols are usually in esterified form; their sample preparation for quantification by high performance liquid chromatography includes high temperature alkaline hydrolysis. Sample preparation of oil-containing objects having natural tocopherols in an unesterified form is carried out by direct extraction in a non-polar solvent. In this work, we determined the content of tocopherols in natural materials (the method of analysis of viscous particles) using the alkaline hydrolysis method and the direct extraction method in a non-polar solvent. It was shown that the use of normal-phase HPLC with a prepared extraction sample in hexane and low-temperature exposure allows us to determine both the total content of tocopherols and its individual forms. This option is less time consuming, requires fewer reagents, which significantly affects the cost of the analysis. It is possible to determine only the total number of tocopherols. At the same time, overestimated results were obtained, which are probably associated with the destructive destruction of both tocopherols and tocotrienols present in plants of plant origin, and one large peak, including all products, is observed in the chromatograms.

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF PROCEDURE FOR QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF SUM OF FLAVONOIDS IN STOCK OF Salvia stepposa

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Polukhina T.S.
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Relative Standard

On the territory of the Russian Federation, about 80 species grow, both wild-growing and cultivated, plants of the genus sage Salvia L. family Lamiaceae. In scientific and folk medicine, they are widely used as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, expectorant and antispasmodic agents for the treatment and prevention of the upper respiratory tract, dentistry. However, many plant species of the genus Salvia L. are not yet sufficiently studied and are not in demand for medical use. In this regard, the problem of finding new plant species of the genus Salvia L., expanding the raw material base and developing highly effective drugs based on them, is quite urgent. Of scientific interest is a Salvia stepposa L., which grows in the Astrakhan region. To date, there is limited information in the literature about the chemical composition and quantitative content of some biologically active substances (BAV) of this plant. As a result of the experiment, a spectrophotometric technique for quantifying the sum of flavonoids in terms of rutin in the leaves of steppe sage harvested in the Astrakhan region was developed. Validation of the proposed methodology on indicators: correctness, convergence, reproducibility, specificity, linearity. The error of the single determination with 95% probability did not exceed ± 3.25%, the relative standard deviation did not exceed 3%. The content of the sum of flavonoids in terms of rutin ranged from 5.72 to 5.82%. Thus, the developed methodology can be recommended for inclusion in the FS project «Salvia stepposa L. leaves».

scholarly journals Analysis of inulin and fructans in Taraxacum officinale L. roots as the main inulin-containing component of antidiabetic herbal mixture

Pharmacia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-532
Author(s):  
Alona Savych ◽  
Oksana Bilyk ◽  
Valentina Vaschuk ◽  
Ihor Humeniuk
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Study ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Spectrophotometric Analysis ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Plant Component ◽  
Herbal Mixture ◽  
Wide Range

Herbs and their combinations due to the wide range of biologically active substances can influence on various links of the pathogenetic mechanism of development of diabetes mellitus and its complications. One of such combinations is an antidiabetic herbal mixture with established hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, pancreatoprotective activity in previous pharmacological study in vivo that including an inulin-containing component – Taraxacum officinale L. roots. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the quantitative content of inulin and fructans in Taraxacum officinale L. Quantity content of inulin was determined by the difference between fructose as a product of enzymatic hydrolysis and D-fructose, a constituent of sucrose and free D-fructose, taking into account the empirical factor for the conversion of D-fructose from inulin. Carbohydrates used in the calculation of inulin were separated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after conversion into volatile derivatives as aldononitrile acetate. According to the results, Taraxacum officinale L. roots contain 436.29 mg/g of inulin. Total content of fructans was determined by spectrophotometric analysis as a product of acid hydrolysis of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural. The results show that Taraxacum officinale L. roots contain 39.49% of fructans. The obtained results are evidence that this plant component should be included in the herbal antidiabetic mixture, because due to the presence of fructans and inulin causes hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and detoxification activity.

Analytical Pyrolysis for Valorization of Herbal Pharmaceutical Industry Wastes Excluding Necessity of Preparative Isolation of their Components

2021 ◽  
Vol 903 ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Jevgenija Ponomarenko ◽  
Botir Abduazimov ◽  
Vilhelmina Jurkjane ◽  
Sarmite Janceva ◽  
Galina Telysheva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Pharmaceutical Compounds ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Analytical Pyrolysis ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Preparative Isolation

The work is devoted to the comprehensive comparative analysis of extraction cakes, obtained after isolation of pharmaceuticals from medical herbs (Aconítum leucostómum, Thermopsis alterniflora, Glycyrrhiza Glabra and Vinca erecta) to characterize their composition and structural features of components, that is necessary for following valorization and for evaluation of extraction efficiency. Application of analytical pyrolysis to analysis of the medical herbs’ residues allowed to avoid disadvantages, connected with preparative isolation of components and get integral information about phytomass constituents and their transformation during extraction. The results have shown that aconite and licorice roots extraction cakes can be considered as perspective raw material for the chemical and biological processing for obtaining of carbohydrates-based products, whereas the periwinkle grass waste is perspective source for obtaining of aromatic and phenolic products. The data of the analytical pyrolysis indicate the сompleteness of biologically active compounds extraction from licorice roots. Extraction cakes of aconite, thermopsis and periwinkle grasses contained different amounts of unextracted targeted pharmaceutical compounds, which can increase their value.

scholarly journals Experimental Paper. Intrapopulation variability of flavonoid content in roots of Baikal skullcap (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi)

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Kosakowska
Keyword(s):  
Total Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Oroxylin A ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

SummaryIntroduction: Baikal skullcap (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi) is an important medicinal plant, indigenous to Asia. Due to a wide range of pharmacological activities, its roots has been used for ages in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Recently, the species has become an object of interest of Western medicine, as well. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the variability of Baikal skullcap population originated from Mongolia and cultivated in Poland, in terms of content and composition of flavonoids in the roots. Methods: The objects of the study were 15 individual plants, selected within examined population and cloned in order to obtain a sufficient amount of raw material. The total content of flavonoids in roots was determined according to Polish Pharmacopeia 6th. The qualitative analysis of flavonoids was carried out using HPLC, Shimadzu chromatograph. Results: The dry mass of roots ranged from 25.88 to 56.14 g × plant-1. The total content of flavonoids (expressed as a quercetin equivalent) varied between 0.17 and 0.52% dry matter (DM). Nine compounds were detected within the group, with oroxylin A 7-Oglucuronide (346.90-1063.00 mg × 100 g-1DM) as a dominant, which differentiated investigated clones at the highest degree (CV=0.27). Baicalin (391.40-942.00 mg × 100 g-1DM), wogonoside (324.00-641.10 mg × 100 g-1DM) and hesperetine 7-O-glucoside (163.00-346.32 mg × 100 g-1DM) were also present in a considerable amounts. Clone 7 was distinguished by the highest content of all investigated compounds, except wogonin and oroxylin A 7-O-glucuronide. Conclusions: Results obtained in present study show a high variability within Baical skullcap investigated population in respect of flavonoid compounds detected in roots. Thus, the results may be used in future investigations concerning the selection and breeding of this species.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Antiaging and Protective Properties of Plants from the Apiaceae Family

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Nizioł-Łukaszewska Zofia ◽  
Zagórska-Dziok Martyna ◽  
Ziemlewska Aleksandra ◽  
Bujak Tomasz
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
Skin Aging ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Migration Capacity

Plant materials play a very significant role as components of products being used both for medicinal and cosmetic purposes. Due to the high content of active substances, they can play an important role as extracts with antioxidant, regenerative, and antiaging properties. The skin aging process depends on various pathological and physiological processes, among which the degradation of extracellular matrix biomolecules such as collagen and elastin, which significantly affect the maintenance of good skin condition, is very important. The secondary metabolites and plant extracts may have collagenase and elastase inhibitory activity. This activity is mainly due to the high content of a wide range of various biologically active compounds, such as polyphenols, which include, among others, flavonoids, phenolic acids, tocopherols, and tannins. The work involved a comprehensive assessment of the plant from Apiaceae family such as Meum athamanticum L., Centella asiatica L., and Aegopodium podagraria L. extract as a multifunctional raw material. During study antioxidant properties, phenolic compounds and flavonoids content, effect on collagenase and elastase enzyme activity (antiaging effect), cytotoxic properties on skin cells (keratinocytes and fibroblasts), and cell migration capacity were analyzed. It has been shown that the highest antioxidant capacity can be observed for the extract of herb of Aegopodium podagraria L. When the concentration reached 5% all tested extracts had a positive effect on the cell proliferation of both keratinocytes and fibroblasts. It turned out that the most promising inhibitor of collagenase and elastase enzymes was the extract from Aegopodium podagraria, which inhibits the activity of both enzymes by over 70% in the concentration of 5% positively affecting the condition of skin cells.

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