scholarly journals Paleo Then and Now: A Five-Year follow-up Survey of the Ancestral Health Community

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Basile ◽  
David Schwartz ◽  
Hamilton M Stapell
Keyword(s):  
Health Community

scholarly journals Estimating the proportion of asymptomatic COVID-19 cases in an Italian region with intermediate incidence during the first pandemic wave: an observational retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Martinelli ◽  
Francesca Fortunato ◽  
Sara Mazzilli ◽  
Lucia Bisceglia ◽  
Pier Luigi Lopalco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections ◽  
Public Health Strategies

Abstract Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, asymptomatic transmission represented an important challenge for controlling the spread of SARS-CoV-2 through the traditional public health strategies. Further understanding of the contribution of asymptomatic infections to SARS-CoV-2 transmission has been of crucial importance for pandemic control. We conducted a retrospective epidemiological study to characterize asymptomatic COVID-19 cases occurred in the Apulia region, Italy, during the first epidemic wave of COVID-19 outbreak (February 29 - July 7, 2020). We analyzed data collected in a regional platform developed to manage surveillance activities, namely investigation and follow-up of cases and contacts, contact tracing, laboratory and clinical data collection. We included all asymptomatic cases that were laboratory-confirmed during the appropriate follow-up, defined as persons infected with SARS-CoV-2 who did not develop symptoms/clinical signs of the disease. Between February 29 and July 7, 2020, a total of 4,536 cases were diagnosed with COVID-19 among 193,757 tests performed. The group of persons with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection consisted of 903 cases; the asymptomatic proportion was 19.9% (95%CI: 18.8-21.1%); this decreased with increasing age (OR: 0.89, 95%CI: 0.83-0.96; p=0.001), in individuals with underlying comorbidities (OR: 0.55, 95%CI: 0.41-0.73; p<0.001), and in males (OR: 0.69, 95%CI: 0.54-0.87; p=0.002). The median asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive period was 19 days (IQR: 14-31) and the cumulative proportion of persons with resolution of infection 14 days after the first positive PCR test was 74%. As the public health community is debating the question of whether asymptomatic and late spreaders could sustain virus transmission in the communities, such cases present unique opportunities to gain insight into SARS-CoV-2 adaptation to human host. This has important implications for future COVID-19 surveillance and prevention.

The Use of Rescripting Imagery for People with Psychosis Who Hear Voices

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Ison ◽  
Luigi Medoro ◽  
Nadine Keen ◽  
Elizabeth Kuipers
Keyword(s):  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Adult Mental Health ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Imagery Rescripting ◽  
Clinically Significant

Background: Image rescripting can be helpful in reducing the distress associated with intrusive images or memories across a range of disorders. Existing studies using imagery rescripting with people with psychosis have not included people who hear voices. Aims: This study aimed to explore the use of image rescripting with people with psychosis who have intrusive images or memories and hear voices. Method: This study used a one-off image rescripting session, using an A-B design with four participants with psychosis who were attending adult mental health community services. Results: Clinically significant reductions in distress, negative affect and reduced conviction in the beliefs associated with the imagery were reported at 1-week follow-up and maintained for three of the four participants at 1-month follow-up. Conclusions: The study offers early indications that image rescripting can be used as a treatment approach for people with psychosis. Exploring visual imagery and rescripting visual memories where appropriate may be a useful extension of cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis (CBTp).

scholarly journals Estimating the Proportion of Asymptomatic COVID-19 Cases in an Italian Region with Intermediate Incidence during the First Pandemic Wave: An Observational Retrospective Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Domenico Martinelli ◽  
Francesca Fortunato ◽  
Sara Mazzilli ◽  
Lucia Bisceglia ◽  
Pier Luigi Lopalco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections ◽  
Public Health Strategies

Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, asymptomatic transmission represented an important challenge for controlling the spread of SARS-CoV-2 through the traditional public health strategies. Further understanding of the contribution of asymptomatic infections to SARS-CoV-2 transmission has been of crucial importance for pandemic control. We conducted a retrospective epidemiological study to characterize asymptomatic COVID-19 cases occurred in the Apulia region, Italy, during the first epidemic wave of COVID-19 outbreak (February 29-July 7, 2020). We analyzed data collected in a regional platform developed to manage surveillance activities, namely, investigation and follow-up of cases and contacts, contact tracing, and laboratory and clinical data collection. We included all asymptomatic cases that were laboratory-confirmed during the appropriate follow-up, defined as persons infected with SARS-CoV-2 who did not develop symptoms/clinical signs of the disease. Between February 29 and July 7, 2020, a total of 4,536 cases were diagnosed with COVID-19 among 193,757 tests performed. The group of persons with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection consisted of 903 cases; the asymptomatic proportion was 19.9% (95% CI: 18.8-21.1%); this decreased with increasing age (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.83-0.96; p = 0.001 ), in individuals with underlying comorbidities (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.41-0.73; p < 0.001 ), and in males (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.54-0.87; p = 0.002 ). The median asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive period was 19 days (IQR: 14-31) and the cumulative proportion of persons with resolution of infection 14 days after the first positive PCR test was 74%. As the public health community is debating the question of whether asymptomatic and late spreaders could sustain virus transmission in the communities, such cases present unique opportunities to gain insight into SARS-CoV-2 adaptation to human host. This has important implications for future COVID-19 surveillance and prevention.

scholarly journals Intercultural Childbirth: Impact on the Maternal Health of the Ecuadorian Kichwa and Mestizo People of the Otavalo Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (01) ◽  
pp. 014-019
Author(s):  
Susana Eulalia Dueñas Matute ◽  
Edson Zangiacomi Martinez ◽  
Eduardo Antônio Donadi
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Indigenous Women ◽  
World Health ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Hospital Workers ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Objective Considering the increased frequency of maternal deaths reported from 2001 to 2005 for Indigenous and mestizo women from the Ecuadorian rural area of Otavalo, where the Kichwa people has lived for centuries, the objective of the present article is to describe how the efforts of the local health community and hospital workers together with a propitious political environment facilitated the implementation of intercultural childbirth, which is a strategy that respects the Andean childbirth worldview. Methods We evaluated a 3-year follow-up (2014–16) of the maternal mortality and the childbirth features (4,213 deliveries). Results Although the Western-style (lying down position) childbirth was adopted by 80.6% of the pregnant women, 19.4% of both mestizo and Indigenous women adopted the intercultural delivery (squatting and kneeling positions). Both intercultural (42.2%) and Western-style (57.8%) childbirths were similarly adopted by Kichwa women, whereas Western-style childbirth predominated among mestizo women (94.0%). After the implementation of the intercultural strategy in 2008, a dramatic decrease of maternal deaths has been observed until now in both rural and urban Otavalo regions. Conclusion This scenario reveals that the intermingling of cultures and respect for childbirth traditions have decreased maternal mortality in this World Health Organization-awarded program.

scholarly journals Use and impact of an online community for hospital patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shefali Haldar ◽  
Sonali R Mishra ◽  
Yoojung Kim ◽  
Andrea Hartzler ◽  
Ari H Pollack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peer Support ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adult Hospital ◽  
Positive Nature

Abstract Objective Although patient-peer support technologies have demonstrated effectiveness in a variety of health contexts—including diabetes, weight loss, and cancer—less is known about how hospitalized patients can benefit from this support. We investigated the nature of peer support in the hospital and the impact this support had on patients’ hospital stays. Materials and Methods We created a technology, resembling an online health community, in which patients could exchange advice about their hospitalization. We deployed it at 1 pediatric hospital and 1 adult hospital. With 30 participants, we conducted bedside interviews, observed how they used the technology during their hospitalization, and completed follow-up phone interviews. Results Participants shared advice about several topics, including adjusting to the hospital and building relationships with providers. Contrary to concerns that such a system would primarily serve as a place for patients to “complain,” sentiment analysis showed that 23 of 36 (64%) of the shared advice reflected positive sentiment. Patients also reported positive impacts to their quality, safety, and hospital experience due to the inpatient peer support community. Discussion Participants benefited from peer support that transcended diagnoses and individual health conditions. The shared experience of being in the hospital was sufficient to yield valuable and practical peer support. Participants who did not contribute their own advice still experienced benefits from reading their peers’ advice. Conclusions Our study demonstrated the positive nature of peer advice exchanged, and the benefits of this advice on patients’ hospital stays. Inpatient peer support technologies could be an additional resource for patients to engage in their care.

scholarly journals Estimating the proportion of asymptomatic COVID-19 cases during the first pandemic wave in Apulia region, Italy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Martinelli ◽  
Francesca Fortunato ◽  
Sara Mazzilli ◽  
Lucia Bisceglia ◽  
Pier Luigi Lopalco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Infectious Period ◽  
The Public ◽  
Apulia Region ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections ◽  
Regional Surveillance

Abstract In the current epidemiological situation of COVID-19 in countries such as Italy, quantifying the contribution of asymptomatic infections to SARS-CoV-2 transmission is of crucial importance for pandemic control. We conducted a retrospective epidemiological study to characterize asymptomatic COVID-19 cases occurred in the Apulia region, Italy, during the first epidemic wave of COVID-19 outbreak.We analyzed data collected in a regional surveillance platform developed to manage the emergency through investigation and follow-up of cases and contacts, contact tracing, laboratory and clinical data collection. We included asymptomatic laboratory-confirmed cases defined as persons infected with SARS-CoV-2 who did not develop symptoms/clinical signs of the disease.Between February 29 and July 7, 2020, a total of 4,536 cases were diagnosed with COVID-19 among 193.757 tests performed. The group of persons with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection consisted of 903 cases; the asymptomatic proportion was 19.9% (95%CI: 18.8-21.1%); this decreased with increasing age (OR: 0.89, 95%CI: 0.83-0.96; p=0.001), in individuals with underlying comorbidities (OR: 0.55, 95%CI: 0.41-0.73; p<0.001), and males (OR: 0.69, 95%CI: 0.54-0.87; p=0.002). The median asymptomatic infectious period was 19 days (IQR: 14-31) and the cumulative proportion of persons with resolution of infection 14 days after the first positive PCR test was 74%.In Europe and globally, there is again an increase in the number of new cases, mainly asymptomatic. As the public health community debates the question of whether asymptomatic and late spreaders could sustain virus transmission in the communities, such cases present unique opportunities to gain insight into SARS-CoV-2 adaptation to human host.

Therapy and prevention for mental health: What if mental diseases are mostly not brain disorders?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. A. Ioannidis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
Labor Education ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Political Decisions

AbstractNeurobiology-based interventions for mental diseases and searches for useful biomarkers of treatment response have largely failed. Clinical trials should assess interventions related to environmental and social stressors, with long-term follow-up; social rather than biological endpoints; personalized outcomes; and suitable cluster, adaptive, and n-of-1 designs. Labor, education, financial, and other social/political decisions should be evaluated for their impacts on mental disease.

Brief summary of Kleť photographic search programme for minor planets

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 189-192
Author(s):  
J. Tichá ◽  
M. Tichý ◽  
Z. Moravec
Keyword(s):  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Minor Planet ◽  
Minor Planets ◽  
Main Belt

AbstractA long-term photographic search programme for minor planets was begun at the Kleť Observatory at the end of seventies using a 0.63-m Maksutov telescope, but with insufficient respect for long-arc follow-up astrometry. More than two thousand provisional designations were given to new Kleť discoveries. Since 1993 targeted follow-up astrometry of Kleť candidates has been performed with a 0.57-m reflector equipped with a CCD camera, and reliable orbits for many previous Kleť discoveries have been determined. The photographic programme results in more than 350 numbered minor planets credited to Kleť, one of the world's most prolific discovery sites. Nearly 50 per cent of them were numbered as a consequence of CCD follow-up observations since 1994.This brief summary describes the results of this Kleť photographic minor planet survey between 1977 and 1996. The majority of the Kleť photographic discoveries are main belt asteroids, but two Amor type asteroids and one Trojan have been found.

Intranuclear Crystals in Regenerating Canine Kidneys

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 412-413
Author(s):  
D.G. Osborne ◽  
L.J. McCormack ◽  
M.O. Magnusson ◽  
W.S. Kiser
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cell ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Crystalline Structures ◽  
Small Crystals ◽  
Membrane Bound

During a project in which regenerative changes were studied in autotransplanted canine kidneys, intranuclear crystals were seen in a small number of tubular epithelial cells. These crystalline structures were seen in the control specimens and also in regenerating specimens; the main differences being in size and number of them. The control specimens showed a few tubular epithelial cell nuclei almost completely occupied by large crystals that were not membrane bound. Subsequent follow-up biopsies of the same kidneys contained similar intranuclear crystals but of a much smaller size. Some of these nuclei contained several small crystals. The small crystals occurred at one week following transplantation and were seen even four weeks following transplantation. As time passed, the small crystals appeared to fuse to form larger crystals.

Electron Microscopy of Human Gallstones

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 296-297
Author(s):  
C. Wolpers ◽  
R. Blaschke
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Bile Pigment ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Triclinic Crystal System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Main Components

Scanning microscopy was used to study the surface of human gallstones and the surface of fractures. The specimens were obtained by operation, washed with water, dried at room temperature and shadowcasted with carbon and aluminum. Most of the specimens belong to patients from a series of X-ray follow-up study, examined during the last twenty years. So it was possible to evaluate approximately the age of these gallstones and to get information on the intensity of growing and solving.Cholesterol, a group of bile pigment substances and different salts of calcium, are the main components of human gallstones. By X-ray diffraction technique, infra-red spectroscopy and by chemical analysis it was demonstrated that all three components can be found in any gallstone. In the presence of water cholesterol crystallizes in pane-like plates of the triclinic crystal system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document