scholarly journals A potential molecular mechanism for regulating pre-mRNA splicing of implantation-related genes through unique uterine expression of splicing factor SC35 in women and rhesus monkeys

Reproduction ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
GY Nie ◽  
AL Hampton ◽  
GQ Fu ◽  
YX Liu ◽  
JK Findlay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Distinct Pattern ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Splicing Factor ◽  
Trophoblast Invasion ◽  
Uterine Receptivity ◽  
Blastocyst Development ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Implantation Sites

Splicing factor SC35 is an essential component of the spliceosome, the cellular apparatus that removes introns from pre-mRNA to provide alternatively spliced isoforms. Many proteins associated with development of uterine receptivity and embryo implantation are present as isoforms, the tissue-specific expression of which may be regulated through alternative splicing. SC35 was identified as being increased at implantation sites during early pregnancy in mice. However, the present study has demonstrated that SC35 is present in human and rhesus monkey endometrium, that the protein is increased during the secretory phase of the oestrous cycle compared with the proliferative phase in both these primates and that it is present in a distinct pattern within the nucleus of both epithelial and stromal cells, as well as in cells of the vasculature. Both the intensity of immunoreactive protein and the proportion of cells that stain for SC35 alter with the phase of the oestrous cycle. A very precise expression pattern of SC35 (both protein and mRNA) was seen during early placentation in rhesus monkeys. At implantation sites between day 24 and day 35 of early pregnancy, SC35 was expressed strongly in cytotrophoblasts within the trophoblastic shell, in syncytiotrophoblast at the periphery of the cell column and in both cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast in the floating villi. In the adjacent maternal decidua, expression of SC35 was weak. These results indicate a role for SC35 in preparation of a receptive uterus, in the provision of secreted proteins to support blastocyst development and in trophoblast invasion.

scholarly journals Potential roles of decidual prolactin in early pregnancy

Reproduction ◽  
2001 ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
HN Jabbour ◽  
HO Critchley
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Prolactin Receptor ◽  
Functional Differentiation ◽  
Trophoblast Invasion ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Uterine Receptivity ◽  
Transmembrane Receptors ◽  
Paracrine Signalling ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
Decidual Prolactin

Successful establishment of pregnancy is dependent on uterine receptivity at the time of trophoblast invasion and implantation. The endometrium undergoes morphological and functional differentiation during the mid- to late secretory phase of the menstrual cycle in preparation for such an event. These changes are orchestrated by ovarian steroid hormones. However, local autocrine-paracrine signalling at the deciduo-placental interface is crucial for successful establishment of pregnancy. One key cytokine that may regulate many functions in implantation is prolactin. Prolactin is secreted by the decidualized endometrium at the time of predicted conception and, in the event of pregnancy, local expression and secretion of prolactin persists until term. Prolactin mediates its effect on target cells through interaction with single-pass transmembrane receptors. Localization of the sites of expression of the prolactin receptor indicates that the cytokine may regulate an array of functions in the pregnant uterus that are crucial in im-plantation and early pregnancy.

Expression of leukaemia inhibitory factor at the conceptus–maternal interface during preimplantation development and in the endometrium during the oestrous cycle in the mare

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. de Ruijter-Villani ◽  
C. Deelen ◽  
T. A. E. Stout
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Endometrial Receptivity ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Leukaemia Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Luminal Epithelium ◽  
Signal Transducer ◽  
Blastocyst Development ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression

Leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) plays a critical role in blastocyst development and implantation in several species. The present study investigated mRNA and protein expression for LIF, as well as the low-affinity LIF receptor (LIFR) and interleukin-6 signal transducer (IL6ST), in equine endometrium, trophoblast and histotroph during early pregnancy and in the endometrium during the oestrous cycle. Endometrial LIF mRNA expression was upregulated after Day 21 of pregnancy, whereas LIF immunoreactivity increased in the endometrium on Day 28. Expression of LIF mRNA in the yolk sac membrane increased from Day 21 of pregnancy, whereas LIF immunoreactivity increased from Day 28 in the trophoblast. LIFR and IL6ST mRNA was expressed in the endometrium during both the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy and, although LIFR and IL6ST protein were localised to the glandular epithelium during the cycle and first 14 days of pregnancy, from Day 21 they were located in the luminal epithelium. Trophoblast expression of LIFR and IL6ST increased as pregnancy proceeded. In conclusion, LIF expression increased at the conceptus–maternal interface during capsule attenuation. Because contemporaneous upregulation of both LIFR and IL6ST was also observed in the trophoblast, we propose that LIF plays an important role in the development of endometrial receptivity for trophoblast growth, apposition and adhesion in mares.

Novel aspects of endometrial function: a biological sensor of embryo quality and driver of pregnancy success

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Sandra ◽  
Nadéra Mansouri-Attia ◽  
Richard G. Lea
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Epigenetic Alterations ◽  
Uterine Receptivity ◽  
Blastocyst Development ◽  
Developmental Potential

Successful pregnancy depends on complex biological processes that are regulated temporally and spatially throughout gestation. The molecular basis of these processes have been examined in relation to gamete quality, early blastocyst development and placental function, and data have been generated showing perturbations of these developmental stages by environmental insults or embryo biotechnologies. The developmental period falling between the entry of the blastocyst into the uterine cavity to implantation has also been examined in terms of the biological function of the endometrium. Indeed several mechanisms underlying uterine receptivity, controlled by maternal factors, and the maternal recognition of pregnancy, requiring conceptus-produced signals, have been clarified. Nevertheless, recent data based on experimental perturbations have unveiled unexpected biological properties of the endometrium (sensor/driver) that make this tissue a dynamic and reactive entity. Persistent or transient modifications in organisation and functionality of the endometrium can dramatically affect pre-implantation embryo trajectory through epigenetic alterations with lasting consequences on later stages of pregnancy, including placentation, fetal development, pregnancy outcome and post-natal health. Developing diagnostic and prognostic tools based on endometrial factors may enable the assessment of maternal reproductive capacity and/or the developmental potential of the embryo, particularly when assisted reproductive technologies are applied.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Th Profile of the Bovine Endometrium during the Oestrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e75571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian J. Oliveira ◽  
Nadéra Mansourri-Attia ◽  
Alan G. Fahey ◽  
John Browne ◽  
Niamh Forde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Oestrous Cycle

scholarly journals Local relaxin biosynthesis in the ovary and uterus through the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy in the female marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus)

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1325-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Einspanier ◽  
M. R. Zarreh-Hoshyari-Khah ◽  
M. Balvers ◽  
L. Kerr ◽  
K. Fuhrmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Callithrix Jacchus ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Marmoset Monkey

scholarly journals Expression of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chains in endometrium of cyclic and pregnant gilts

Reproduction ◽  
2003 ◽  
pp. 621-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
RD Geisert ◽  
MD Ashworth ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitor ◽  
Serine Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Heavy Chains ◽  
Formation Of Complexes

Attachment of the placenta to the uterus in pigs involves extracellular interaction between the expanding trophoblastic membrane and the thick glycocalyx present on the uterine epithelial microvilli. Formation of complexes between members of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor family may function in the maintenance of the extracellular matrix. This study investigated the change in the inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chains (ITIH1, ITIH2, ITIH3 and ITIH4) during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy in pigs. Gene expression of ITIH1, ITIH2, ITIH3 and ITIH4 was detected in the endometrium of cyclic and pregnant gilts; however, gene expression of ITIH was not altered throughout the oestrous cycle or early pregnancy. Western blot analysis with an ITIH antiserum identified the possible linkage forms of ITIH with the serine protease inhibitor, bikunin. Pregnancy altered the release of the various inter-alpha-inhibitor forms from the endometrium during the period of trophoblastic attachment. The results from this study indicate that the inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor family plays an important role in maintenance of the uterine surface glycocalyx during placental attachment in pigs.

Platelet-activating factor-antagonists reduce implantation in mice at low doses only

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
C O'Neill
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Implantation Rate ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Paf Antagonists ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
Web 2086

The effects of a number of platelet-activating factor (PAF)-antagonists on embryo implantation were investigated. Mice were treated from Day 1 to Day 4 of pregnancy with three defined PAF-antagonists: SRI 63 441, BN 52021, and WEB 2086. Necroscopies were performed on Day 8 and the number of implantation sites, the implantation rate (number of implanted embryos compared with the number of corpora lutea) and the proportion of animals pregnant were determined. Each agent caused a reduction in the number of implantation sites at relatively low doses. The dose that had a maximum contragestational effect was 40 micrograms, 10 micrograms and 10 micrograms (per 30 g bodyweight per day) for SRI 63 441, WEB 2086 and BN 52021 respectively. This contragestational effect was completely lost at twice (SRI 63 441), five times (WEB 2086) and ten times (BN 52021) the most effective dose. Treatment with WEB 2086 on the day of implantation (Day 4) by intraperitoneal injection or instillation into the uterus only did not significantly reduce the implantation rate and neither did treatment after implantation (Days 5-8). The results show that the pharmacology of PAF-antagonists in early pregnancy is not simple. An understanding of the actions of these agents in early pregnancy will require a detailed knowledge of their pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and targets of action in early pregnancy.

scholarly journals The uterine expression of SEC63 gene is up-regulated at implantation sites in association with the decidualization during the early pregnancy in mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren-wei Su ◽  
Zhao-gui Sun ◽  
Yue-chao Zhao ◽  
Qiu-ju Chen ◽  
Zeng-ming Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Implantation Sites
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