scholarly journals Location relative to the corpus luteum affects bovine endometrial response to a conceptus

Reproduction ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 159 (5) ◽  
pp. 643-657
Author(s):  
Sandra Bagés-Arnal ◽  
José M Sánchez ◽  
Beatriz Fernandez-Fuertes ◽  
Michael McDonald ◽  
Susanta K Behura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Gene Ontology Analysis ◽  
Transcriptomic Response ◽  
False Discovery ◽  
Uterine Flushing

In cattle, embryo transfer into the uterine horn contralateral to the corpus luteum results in a higher incidence of pregnancy loss compared to transfer into the ipsilateral horn. We have previously reported temporal changes in the endometrial transcriptome during the estrous cycle which differ between uterine horns. The objective of this study was to compare the transcriptomic response of endometrium from the ipsilateral and contralateral horns to an elongating conceptus. Cross-bred beef heifers (n = 16) were synchronized and either used to generate day 14 conceptuses following the transfer of in vitro-produced blastocysts or to obtain day 14 endometrial explants. Conceptuses were recovered on day 14 by post-mortem uterine flushing, placed individually on top of explants collected from the ipsilateral (IPSI-D14) or the contralateral (CONTRA-D14) uterine horn of cyclic heifers, and co-cultured for 6 h. The response to a conceptus was markedly different between uterine horns, with 61 and 239 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; false discovery rate <0.05) in the ipsilateral and contralateral horns, respectively, compared to their controls. Direct comparison between IPSI-D1 and CONTRA-D14 revealed 32 DEGs, including CXCL11, CXCL10, IFIT2, RSAD2 and SAMD9. Gene Ontology analysis of these 32 genes revealed ten enriched biological processes, mainly related to immune response and response to an external stimulus. These data indicate that the endometrial response to the presence of a conceptus varies between uterine horns in the same uterus and may contribute to the higher incidence of pregnancy loss following embryo transfer to the contralateral horn.

108 FACTORS AFFECTING PREGNANCY RATES IN RECIPIENTS RECEIVING IN VITRO-PRODUCED EMBRYOS BY FIXED TIME EMBRYO TRANSFER

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
M. Pelizzari ◽  
A. Tribulo ◽  
J. Garzon ◽  
B. Bernal ◽  
R. Tribulo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Device Removal ◽  
Embryo Transfer Technique

A retrospective analysis of factors that affect pregnancy rates from 4214 fresh in vitro-produced (IVP) embryos that were transferred at a fixed-time (FTET) in 20 different farms. Recipients were all cycling cows or heifers that were synchronized with 1 of 3 treatments: 1) treatments with progesterone (P4) devices and 2 mg of oestradiol benzoate (EB) on Day 0 (day of insertion) and 24 h after device removal (Day 8); 2) treatments with P4 devices and EB on Day 0, but with 0.5 mg of oestradiol cypionate (ECP) at device removal (Day 8); or 3) treatments with P4 devices and GnRH on Day 0 and a second GnRH 60 h after device removal (Day 5). Cows in all treatment groups also received 500 µg of cloprostenol (prostaglandin F2α) at the time of P4 device removal and 400 IU of eCG either at device removal or 3 days before device removal. All embryos were transferred 7 or 8 days after the expected time of oestrus (24 h after EB, 48 h after ECP or at the time of the second GNRH for each synchronization treatment, respectively). On the day of embryo transfer, recipients were examined by ultrasonography and those with corpus luteum >14 mm in diameter received a fresh, IVP embryo in the uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum. Pregnancy rates were determined by ultrasonography 35 days after FTET. Data were analysed by logistic regression. Independent variables were classified into the following three categories. 1) Factors related to the recipient and the environment; there were no significant differences in pregnancy rates for corpus luteum diameter (≥14 and <16 mm, ≥16 and <18 mm, or ≥18 mm; P = 0.46), number of corpus luteum (1 or ≥2; P = 0.26), and category of recipient (cow or heifer; P = 0.21). However, there were significant effects of farm (P = 0.01) and body condition score (BCS; P = 0.01). Cows with BCS ≥4.5 (1 to 5 scale) resulted in lower pregnancy rates (4/20, 20.0%) than those with BCS 2 (74/225, 32.9%), 2.5 (502/1434, 35.0%), 3 (570/1467, 38.9%), 3.5 (193/532, 36.3%), and 4 (44/118, 37.3%). 2) Factors related to the synchronization treatment; there were no significant differences between recipients receiving eCG at device removal (84/209, 40.2%) or 3 days before device removal (874/2291, 38.1%; P = 0.35). However, recipients synchronized with P4 devices and ECP had higher (P = 0.01) pregnancy rates (232/483, 48.0%) than those treated with EB (679/1888, 36.0%) or gonadotropin-releasing hormone (47/129, 36.4%). 3) Factors related to the embryo transfer technique; day of the recipient’s oestrous cycle (P = 0.36), stage of embryo transferred (IETS stages 6 or 7; P = 0.62), and operator (P = 0.57) did not affect pregnancy rates. However transfers made in the anterior third of the uterine horn resulted in higher (649/1545, 42.0%) pregnancy rates than those in the mid-third (845/2511, 33.6%) or in the distal third (6/35, 17.1%; P = 0.01). It was concluded that factors related to the recipient and the environment (farm and BCS), the synchronization treatment (ECP), and the embryo transfer technique (site of deposition) affect pregnancy rates in recipients of embryos produced in vitro and transferred at a fixed time.

101 DOSE AND TIMING OF ADMINISTRATION OF PROSTAGLANDIN F2α DURING FIXED-TIME EMBRYO TRANSFER IN AN IN VITRO-PRODUCTION PROGRAM

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
R. V. Sala ◽  
A. Garcia-Guerra ◽  
L. C. Carrenho-Sala ◽  
M. Fosado ◽  
E. Peralta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Full Dose ◽  
Half Dose ◽  
Utilisation Rate

Synchronization protocols for fixed-time embryo transfer (ET) contribute significantly to the overall cost of an in vitro-produced-ET program, primarily through the cost of drugs and the labour required. Optimization of synchronization protocols to reduce cost, while providing high fertility, have the potential to improve overall efficiency and profitability. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of dose and schedule of administration of prostaglandin F2α (PGF) during a synchronization protocol for fixed-time ET. Holstein and cross-bred Holstein heifers (n = 3766) were synchronized using a modified 5-day CIDR Synch as follows: Day 0: CIDR inserted; Day 5: CIDR removed, PGF2α treatment; Day 8: gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH; 100 μg of gonadorelin). On Day 5, at the time of CIDR removal, heifers were randomly assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial design to receive either a full or half dose of PGF (Cloprostenol; 500 v. 250 μg) and 1 (Day 5) or 2 (Day 6) administrations resulting in the following treatments: full dose Day 5 + Day 6 (n = 938); full dose Day 5 (n = 938); half dose Day 5 + Day 6 (n = 946); and half dose Day 5 (n = 944). Heifers were evaluated by ultrasonography 5 days after GnRH to determine presence and size of the corpus luteum. Heifers with a corpus luteum received a fresh in vitro-produced embryo 7 ± 1 days after GnRH administration, and pregnancy was determined by ultrasonography 32 and 60 days after GnRH. Fertility data were analysed by logistic regression and included the fixed effects of dose, time, and their interaction. Fertility results are shown in Table 1. Utilisation rate (transferred/treated) was not affected by dose (P = 0.66), time (P = 0.19), or their interaction (P = 0.17). The percentage of heifers detected in oestrus was not affected by dose (P = 0.13), time (P = 0.72), or their interaction (P = 0.89). There were no significant differences between doses of PGF (P = 0.32), time (P = 0.71), or their interaction (P = 0.80) on pregnancies per ET on Day 32. Similarly, no differences were found on pregnancies per ET on Day 60 between doses (P = 0.35), time (P = 0.96), or their interaction (P = 0.89). In addition, pregnancy loss between Day 32 and 60 was not affected by dose (P = 0.76), time (P = 0.66), or their interaction (P = 0.54). In conclusion, the use of a half dose of PGF once on Day 5 resulted in comparable utilisation rate and fertility as the observed with 2 full dose applications 24 h apart. As a result, the overall cost of the fixed-time ET program can be reduced by eliminating the need for a second PGF treatment and by decreasing the dose without compromising fertility. Table 1. Utilisation rate, oestrus expression, pregnancies per ET (P/ET), and pregnancy loss in recipients receiving either a full or half dose of prostaglandin F2α on Days (D) 5 and 6 or once on D 5

scholarly journals Goat incubator: Can bovine oocytes be matured in the uterine horn of a goat?

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl3) ◽  
pp. 3789
Author(s):  
Jeferson Fereira da Fonseca ◽  
Ribrio Ivan Tavares Pereira Batista ◽  
Juliane Teramachi Trevizan ◽  
Joanna Maria Gonçalves Souza-Fabjan ◽  
Felipe Zandonadi Brandão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Fluorescent Intensity ◽  
Nuclear Maturation ◽  
Uterine Flushing ◽  
Bovine Oocytes

We used a goat as a live incubator, along with associated nonsurgical embryo transfer techniques, to perform ex situ (in vivo) maturation of bovine oocytes. Immature bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) aspirated from 3-8 mm follicles from slaughterhouse ovaries were randomly split into two groups for in vitro (IVM; n = 38) and ex situ maturation (ESM; n = 40). IVM was performed for a period of 24 h at 38.5 ºC and with 5% CO2 in the air of maximum humidity. For ESM, a presynchronized nulliparous goat (12 months old) received 40 immature COCs in the uterine horn apiece, via the transcervical route. After 24 h the structures were retrieved through uterine flushing. Analyses of nuclear maturation and lipid quantification were performed on oocytes from both groups. Fluorescent intensity was compared using the Student’s t-test. Forty-seven percent of the structures were recovered after uterine flushing (19/40). The nuclear maturation rate was 94.5% (18/19) and 81.6% (31/38) for the ESM and IVM groups, respectively. In vitro-matured COCs contained more lipid droplets, expressed as a higher amount (p < 0.05) of emitted fluorescent light than ex situ-matured COCs (858 ± 73 vs. 550 ± 64 arbitrary fluorescence units, respectively). This is the first report to associate nonsurgical embryo transfer techniques and a goat as a live incubator for the maturation of bovine oocytes. We conclude that bovine oocytes can progress meiotically in the uterus horn of a goat and that transcervical transfer of bovine oocytes to a goat’s uterus could present an alternative to nuclear maturation.

Production of interferon by red deer (Cervus elaphus) conceptuses and the effects of roIFN-tau on the timing of luteolysis and the success of asynchronous embryo transfer

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 387-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
KJ Demmers ◽  
HN Jabbour ◽  
DW Deakin ◽  
AP Flint
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Interferon Tau ◽  
Recombinant Interferon ◽  
Uterine Flushing ◽  
Calving Rate

The role of interferon in early pregnancy in red deer was investigated by (a) measuring production of interferon by the conceptus, (b) testing the anti-luteolytic effect of recombinant interferon-tau in non-pregnant hinds, and (c) treatment of hinds with interferon after asynchronous embryo transfer. Blastocysts were collected from 34 hinds by uterine flushing 14 (n = 2), 16 (n = 2), 18 (n = 8), 20 (n = 13) or 22 (n = 9) days after synchronization of oestrus with progesterone withdrawal. Interferon anti-viral activity was detectable in uterine flushings from day 16 to day 22, and increased with duration of gestation (P < 0.01) and developmental stage (P < 0.01). When interferon-tau was administered daily between day 14 and day 20 to non-pregnant hinds to mimic natural blastocyst production, luteolysis was delayed by a dose of 0.2 mg day(-1) (27.3 +/- 1.3 days after synchronization, n = 4 versus 21 +/- 0 days in control hinds, n = 3; P < 0.05). Interferon-tau was administered to hinds after asynchronous embryo transfer to determine whether it protects the conceptus against early pregnancy loss. Embryos (n = 24) collected on day 6 from naturally mated, superovulated donors (n = 15) were transferred into synchronized recipients on day 10 or day 11. Interferon-tau treatment (0.2 mg daily from day 14 to 20) increased calving rate from 0 to 64% in all recipients (0/11 versus 7/11, P < 0.005), and from 0 to 67% in day 10 recipients (0/8 versus 6/9, P < 0.01). The increased success rate of asynchronous embryo transfer after interferon-tau treatment in cervids may be of benefit where mismatched embryo-maternal signalling leads to failure in the establishment of pregnancy.

107 FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE FERTILITY IN AN IVF EMBRYO TRANSFER PROGRAM IN DAIRY HEIFERS

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Carrenho-Sala ◽  
R. V. Sala ◽  
M. Fosado ◽  
D. C. Pereira ◽  
S. Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Embryo Transfer Program ◽  
Embryo Stage ◽  
Major Factors

A retrospective study was performed to evaluate factors that influence pregnancy per embryo transfer (P/ET) in an IVF-embryo transfer program. A total of 5026 fresh in vitro-produced embryos were transferred during 2014 and evaluated for effects of embryo quality, embryo stage, size of corpus luteum (CL; 18–19.9 mm or ≥20 mm), interval from GnRH to embryo transfer, number of previous embryo transfer (0, 1, 2, 3, ≥4); and interaction of embryo stage and interval from GnRH to embryo transfer. One group (n = 850) had detection of oestrus after prostaglandin F2α application but most heifers (n = 4176) received fixed timed embryo transfer after a 5-day CIDR-Synch protocol: Day –8 CIDR inserted; Day –3 CIDR removed and prostaglandin F2α; Day –2 prostaglandin F2α; Day 0 GnRH. Ultrasound was performed on Day 6 after GnRH or oestrus to measure CL size and on Day 32 and 60 to determine pregnancy. Data for P/ET were analysed by logistic regression (LOGISTIC procedure, SAS 9.4). Embryo quality influenced P/ET at Day 32 [Grade 1 48.4% (1273/2631) v. Grade 2 37.6% (900/2395); P < 0.01] and at Day 60 [Grade 1 38.9% (1023/2631) v. Grade 2 29.0% (694/2395); P < 0.01], and altered pregnancy loss [Grade 1 19.6% (250/1273) v. Grade 2 22.9% (206/900); P = 0.03]. Stage of the embryo also had an effect on P/ET at Day 32 [Stage 6 35.5%a (582/1641), Stage 7 46.3%b (1431/3092), and Stage 8 54.6%c (160/293); P < 0.01] and at Day 60 [Stage 6 28.2%a (462/1641), Stage 7 36.6%b (1131/3092), and Stage 8 41.6%b (122/293); P < 0.01], but did not affect pregnancy loss (P = 0.22). Interestingly, interval from GnRH (or oestrus) until embryo transfer did not affect P/ET at Day 32 (P = 0.10), 60 (P = 0.23), or pregnancy loss (P = 0.3), nor was there an interaction between interval and embryo stage at Day 32 (P = 0.77), 60 (P = 0.96) or pregnancy loss (P = 0.55). As shown in Table 1, embryo stage 6 was always the lowest and stage 8 always the greatest P/ET regardless of interval from GnRH to embryo transfer. Size of CL also did not affect P/ET at Day 32 (P = 0.09), 60 (P = 0.21), or pregnancy loss (P = 0.90). Number of previous embryo transfer also did not alter P/ET at Day 32 [0 = 43.3% (886/2046), 1 = 44.1% (639/1450), 2 = 43.4% (444/1024), 3 = 42.6% (146/343), and ≥4 = 35.6% (58/163); P = 0.33] or 60 (P = 0.51) or pregnancy loss (P = 0.12). In conclusion, embryo stage and quality are the major factors that impacted P/ET in this study, with surprisingly little effect of interval from GnRH to embryo transfer, size of the CL, and number of previous embryo transfer. Thus, recipient programs for IVF-embryo transfer can be designed with substantial flexibility. Table 1.Effect of embryo stage and recipient synchrony on pregnancies per embryo transfer on Day 32 in recipient dairy heifers

Corpus luteum and endometrial function in ewes post partum: a study in vivo and in vitro

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Wallace ◽  
CJ Ashworth ◽  
RP Aitken ◽  
MA Cheyne
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Luteal Function ◽  
Progesterone Production ◽  
Release Device

Induction of ovulation post partum is associated with a high incidence of prematurely regressing corpora lutea. However, inadequate luteal function is not the sole reason for pregnancy failure, because ewes with normal corpus luteum function and successful fertilization also fail to establish pregnancies. The effects of suckling status and the interval from post partum to rebreeding on corpus luteum and endometrial function were examined in vivo and in vitro. Ewes were weaned early or allowed to lactate, induced to ovulate using a progesterone-impregnated controlled internal drug release device and an intramuscular injection of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin, and inseminated (intrauterine) at either 21 or 35 days post partum (n = 10 per group). A further 10 standard ewes whose interval from parturition was in excess of 150 days were included for comparative purposes. On Day 10 after insemination the pregnancy rate was determined in four ewes from each of the post-partum groups and five standard ewes. These ewes were then ovariectomized and hysterectomized for studies in vitro. The incidence of premature luteal regression, as assessed by progesterone concentrations in peripheral blood was independent of the suckling stimulus but dependent on stage post partum (21 days post partum, 6 of 19 ewes; 35 days post partum, 0 of 19 ewes; P less than 0.05). Luteal function was normal in all standard ewes. Ovulation rate, corpus luteum weight, corpus luteum progesterone content and basal progesterone production in vitro were significantly less in 21-day than in 35-day post-partum ewes. Pregnancy rates as determined on Day 10 or at term were low in all post-partum groups (7 out of the 38 ewes inseminated) compared with standard ewes (8 of 10). Uterine function was assessed by culturing endometrial tissue from the tip and body of each uterine horn in the presence of [3H]leucine for 30 h at 37 degrees C. Incorporation of radiolabel into non-dialysable proteins synthesized and secreted by the endometrium in vitro was independent of uterine horn location and suckling status but was significantly lower (P less than 0.001) in media from 21-day than from 35-day post-partum ewes. Irrespective of treatment group, incorporation of radiolabel was positively correlated with mean plasma progesterone concentrations on Days 2-10 after insemination and with basal progesterone production in vitro. Secreted proteins were detected by two-dimensional-polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and fluorography.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

102 UNILATERAL AND BILATERAL TRANSFER OF 2IN VITRO-PRODUCED EMBRYOS INCREASES PREGNANCY LOSS BETWEEN 30 AND 60 DAYS

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
L. C. Carrenho-Sala ◽  
A. Garcia-Guerra ◽  
R. V. Sala ◽  
M. Fosado ◽  
D. C. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Single Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Bilateral Group ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

Fertility of in vitro-produced embryos is affected by embryo stage and quality. Embryos quality 1 and stage 7 result in higher fertility than embryos of earlier stages and/or lower quality. The objective was to evaluate the effect of unilateral and bilateral transfer of 2 in vitro-produced embryos of earlier stages and/or poor quality on fertility. Heifers were synchronized using a 5-day CIDR Synch or 2 prostaglandin F2α injections 14 days apart followed by oestrus detection. Embryo transfer was performed 7 ± 1 day after gonadotropin-releasing hormone/oestrus and heifers were assigned randomly to 1 of 3 groups: single embryo ipsilateral to the corpus luteum (single; n = 188); 2 embryos in the uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum (unilateral; n = 138); 2 embryos bilaterally (bilateral; n = 128). Embryos stage 4 to 8 and quality 1 or 2 were randomly assigned to treatment groups. All embryos were 7-day fresh in vitro-produced embryos, and pregnancy diagnosis was performed by ultrasonography on Days 32 and 60. Data were analysed by logistic regression. Conception rates on Days 32 and 60 were not different (P > 0.10) between heifers receiving a single embryo [Day 32 = 30.9% (58/188) and Day 60 = 25% (47/188)] or those receiving 2 embryos [Day 32 = 36.5% (97/266) and Day 60 = 22.2% (59/266)]. However, pregnancy loss between Days 32 and 60 was greater (P < 0.01) in heifers with 2 embryos (39.2%; 38/97) than in those with a single embryo (18.9%; 11/58). Conception rate on Day 32 was not different between groups (P = 0.4) and was 30.9% (58/188) for single, 36.9% (51/138) for unilateral, and 35.9% (46/128) for bilateral. Similarly, there was no difference (P = 0.8) in conception rates on Day 60, single = 25% (47/188), unilateral = 23.9% (33/138), and bilateral= 20.3% (26/128). However, there was an effect of group on pregnancy loss between Days 32 and 60 (P = 0.04). Losses were higher (P = 0.01) in the bilateral group [43.5% (20/46)] compared with the single group [18.9% (11/58)], and the unilateral group was intermediate [35.3% (18/51)] and tended to be different from the single group (P = 0.1). Interestingly, when pregnancy loss was compared between heifers with twin or single pregnancies, as determined by ultrasonography, and regardless of the number of embryos transferred or their location, twin pregnancies had a greater pregnancy loss [62.1% (18/29)] compared with single pregnancies [24.6% (31/126); P < 0.01]. For twin bearing heifers, as determined by ultrasonography on Day 32, pregnancy loss did not differ between unilateral (62.5%; 10/16) and bilateral (61.5%; 8/13) transfers (P = 0.9). Similarly, there was no difference (P = 0.2) for heifers with single embryo pregnancies: single (18.9%; 11/58), unilateral (22.9%; 8/35), bilateral (36.4%; 12/33), although bilateral transfer of 2 embryos tended to be higher than single (P = 0.07). Transfer of 2 low quality in vitro-produced embryos results in similar conception rates, although pregnancy losses are greater. Interestingly, only 30% (29/97) of the pregnancies from heifers that received 2 embryos contained twins, indicating the loss of one of the embryos before Day 32. Furthermore, the increased losses observed with the transfer of 2 embryos were attributed to those heifers in which twin pregnancies were diagnosed on Day 32 regardless of distribution.

P–415 Clinical and In Vitro Fertilization laboratory parameters that contribute to clinical miscarriage after single euploid embryo transfer

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M D C Nogale. Barrios ◽  
J A García-Velasco ◽  
M Cruz ◽  
S D Frutos ◽  
E M Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Miscarriage Rate ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Endometrial Preparation ◽  
Euploid Embryo

Abstract Study question To investigate which factors, excluding embryo aneuploidies, are associated with miscarriage in patients who have undergone a single euploid blastocyst transfer. Summary answer Miscarriage was related to the body mass index (BMI), the type of cycle and the thickness of the endometrium. What is known already Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A) is widely used in-vitro fertilization (IVF) to select euploid embryos. Several studies have shown that embryo aneuploidy is the main contributing factor for IVF failure, reinforcing the relevance of PGT-A as a method to select chromosomally normal embryos. A recent meta-analysis confirmed that patients undergoing PGT-A have a lower miscarriage rate than women that conceived naturally (9% vs 28%, respectively). Even though most of the studies show that PGT-A significantly reduces miscarriage rate, still some women do lose their pregnancies. We investigated which other reasons may be related to this early pregnancy loss. Study design, size, duration Retrospective, observational, and multicenter study of 6910 patients undergoing single euploid blastocyst transfer after PGT-A from January 2017 to December 2019 in our institution. Several laboratory and clinic variables were analyzed to study the effect of these variables on the miscarriage rate Participants/materials, setting, methods Indications for PGT-A were advanced maternal age, implantation failure, recurrent pregnancy loss and male factor. Embryos were cultured 5% O2 concentration and 6.5% CO2 concentration. Trophectoderm biopsy was performed on day 5/6 of development and analyzed through Next Generation Sequencing (NGS); embryos were vitrified until transfer was performed. Single euploid embryo transfer was performed in all cases. We performed a multivariate regression analysis to compare the different variables and search for there are significant differences. Main results and the role of chance We studied a total of 6910 patients undergoing PGT-A to describe which factors, excluding embryo aneuploidies, were correlated with miscarriage in patients who underwent single thawed euploid embryo transfer. When considering embryo morphology (embryo grading, quality of inner cell and quality of trophectoderm), we did not find differences in miscarriage rate among groups (high quality= 15.9%; normal quality= 14.3%; low quality= 15.0%; poor quality= 14.8%) p = 0.833. BMI was significantly associated with miscarriage rate (odds ratio [OD] 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.012–1–076 p = 0.006) and miscarriage rate. We observed a weak association between endometrial thickness and miscarriage rate ([OD] 0.65; 95%, 0.528–0.778 p = 0.04) and also between type of endometrial preparation (natural cycle or hormone replacement cycle) ([OD] 0.77; 95%, 0.528–0.778) p = 0.04. Body mass index, according to our findings, was the main variable correlated with miscarriage rate. We did not find any association with the other variables studied (biopsy day, maternal age, male age, duration infertility, cycle length, previous miscarriage, previous live birth, previous cycles IVF, endometrial pattern and diagnosis). Limitations, reasons for caution The retrospective study design limits the generalization of our results but offers a good insight to be validated in prospective trials. Wider implications of the findings: According to our findings, BMI, endometrial thickness the day of the embryo transfer, and the type of endometrial preparation should be considered when transferring an euploid blastocyst. Trial registration number NO APLICA

scholarly journals Effect of Treatment With Gonadoreline at the Embryo Transfer on Pregnancy Outcomes in Bovine.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Lobato Defensor ◽  
Ana Cláudia Fagundes Faria ◽  
Flávio Luiz Alves Marques ◽  
Gustavo Pereira Cadima ◽  
Mayara Oliveira Mafra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Gnrh Analogue ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
And Control ◽  
Animal Category

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess whether administration of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist gonadorelin would increase conception rates at 30 (P / ET 30) and 60 (P / ET 60) days of gestation and reduce pregnancy losses (PL) in embryo recipients and what would be the correlation between the animal category and the season of the year in which the embryo transfer would occur. The experiment was conducted on 11 commercial farms in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Recipients were randomly divided into groups: treated (n = 624), cows that received 0.1 mg gonadorelin on the day of FTET, and control (n = 687), untreated cows. All embryos were produced in vitro from oocyte donors of different races. Recipients were classified as heifers, dry cows or lactating cows. Higher conception rate was observed at 30 days (p = 0.03) and 60 days (p = 0.01) in the treated group (45.8%; 43.0%, respectively). Dry and lactating cows had less pregnancy loss (p = 0.001) compared to heifers (2.70% and 2.47% vs 10.42%, respectively). During spring/summer, there was less P/FTET at 30 days (0.024). Embryo transfer carried out in the warmer seasons of the year reduced the pregnancy rate to 60 days and increased pregnancy loss. As an implication, the use of the GnRH analogue can be used as a tool to increase fertility in embryo recipients.

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