scholarly journals Early embryonic development of bovine oocytes challenged with LPS in vitro or in vivo

Reproduction ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 158 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-463
Author(s):  
Joao Alveiro Alvarado Rincón ◽  
Patricia Carvalho Gindri ◽  
Bruna Mion ◽  
Ferronato Giuliana de Ávila ◽  
Antônio Amaral Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Cleavage Rate ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
Lps Challenge ◽  
Bovine Oocytes

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of exposing bovine oocytes to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in vivo and in vitro on early embryo development. In experiment 1, cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs, n = 700/group) were challenged with 0, 0.1, 1.0 or 5.0 μg/mL of LPS during in vitro maturation (IVM). Later, in vitro fertilization (IVF) and in vitro culture (IVC) were performed. In experiment 2, COCs (n = 200/group) matured and in vitro fertilized without LPS were subjected to IVC with the same doses of LPS from experiment 1. In experiment 3, heifers received two injections of saline solution (n = 8) or 0.5 μg/kg of LPS (n = 8) 24 h apart, and 3 days later, COCs were recovered and submitted to IVM, IVF, and IVC. In experiments 1 and 3, the expression of TLR4, TNF, AREG and EREG genes in cumulus cells was evaluated. Exposure to 1 and 5 μg/mL of LPS during IVM decreased nuclear maturation (39.4 and 39.6%, respectively) compared with control (63.6%, P < 0.05). Despite that, no effect on cleavage and blastocyst rates were observed. Exposure to LPS during IVC did not affect embryonic development. In vivo exposure to LPS decreased the in vitro cleavage rate (54.3 vs 70.2%, P = 0.032), but cleaved embryos developed normally. Number of cells per embryo and gene expression were not affected by the LPS challenge in any experiment. In conclusion, although in vitro exposure to LPS did not affect early embryo development, in vivo LPS exposure reduced cleavage rate.

112 EFFECTS OF GUAIAZULENE ON IN VITRO CULTURE OF BOVINE ZYGOTES, AND ON mRNA TRANSCRIPTS RELATED TO EMBRYO QUALITY

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
E. Dovolou ◽  
M. Clemente ◽  
G. S. Amiridis ◽  
I. Messinis ◽  
A. Kalitsaris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Cleavage Rate ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
Mrna Transcripts ◽  
Oviductal Fluid ◽  
Maximum Humidity

We have previously shown that follicular and oviductal fluid provide greater total protection against lipid peroxidation than the respective media used for the in vitro embryo production. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production has been implicated as a major cause for the reduced in vitro bovine embryo production; it is believed that they participate in meiotic arrest of oocytes, embryonic block and cell death. The aim of this study was to determine whether guaiazulene (G), an exogenous antioxidant, added in the post fertilization culture medium would affect the early embryo development and the quality of the produced blastocysts in terms of mRNA expression of several important genes. In a previous study we had shown that media modified with 0.01 mm of G provided the same antioxidant protection as the respective in vivo environments (i.e. the follicular and the oviductal fluid). Bovine cumulus–oocyte complexes (COC) were aspirated from ovaries derived from slaughtered cows and matured in groups of 50 in 500 μL in TCM199 with 10% fetal calf serum and 10 ng mL–1 Epidermal Growth factor at 39°C in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air and maximum humidity. Twenty-four hours later matured oocytes were inseminated with frozen/thawed bull semen and co-incubated in the same conditions as maturation. Presumptive zygotes were divided into 4 groups and cultured in groups of 25 in 25 μL of SOF with 5% FCS (Control–, n = 355), supplemented with 0.01 mm of G (n = 344) or 0.1 mm of G (n = 345) or 0.05% DMSO – the G diluent–(Control+, n = 347) at 39°C in an atmosphere of 5% CO2, 5% O2 and maximum humidity. Blastocyst yield was recorded on Days 6, 7, 8 and 9; Day 7 blastocysts from each group were snap frozen and stored at –80°C for mRNA extraction. Quantification of transcripts for aldose reductase mRNA (AKRIBI), prostaglandin G/H synthase-2 (PGHS-2, COX-2), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GADPH), facilitated glucose/fructose transporter, member 5 (GLUT-5) genes related to metabolism, glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) antioxidant enzymes and placenta-specific 8 (PLAC8) related to implantation was carried out by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Data for embryo development and on transcript abundance were analyzed by chi square and ANOVA, respectively. Cleavage rate tended to be higher in 0.01 mm group than in Control– (77.87% v. 71.41%, P = 0.07). Barring that, no other differences were detected in cleavage rate (Control+: 71.32%; 0.1 mm: 72.75%) or in the overall blastocyst yield on Day 9 (Control–: 25.50%; Control+: 26.71%; 0.1 mm: 25.75%; 0.01 mm: 29.58%). The relative abundance of genes studied varied among groups, but these differences were not significant. We infer that under the current culture conditions, G as an antioxidant has no serious direct effect on early embryo development or on embryo quality at least on the mRNA transcripts studied. Further studies using the same antioxidant in different atmospheric conditions are planed. ED and GSA were sponsored by COST (FAO702) and OECD fellowships, respectively.

45 THE EFFECT OF MEIOTIC STAGE OF BOVINE OOCYTES ON THE SURVIVAL OF VITRIFIED CUMULUS–OOCYTE COMPLEXES

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Prentice ◽  
J. Singh ◽  
M. Anzar
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Culture System ◽  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Germinal Vesicle ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
In Vitro Culture System ◽  
Bovine Oocytes

Vitrification is a rapid freezing method in which cells/tissues are frozen in a glass state without ice crystal formation. However, vitrification of bovine oocytes is challenging due to their complex structure and sensitivity to chilling. Oocytes at the germinal vesicle (GV) stage of maturation are thought to be less prone to chromosomal and microtubular damage during cryopreservation because no spindle is present and genetic material is contained within the nucleus. However, immature oocytes are thought to be more sensitive to osmotic stress and have lower cell membrane stability than mature, metaphase II (MII) stage oocytes. The present studies aimed to validate the in vitro culture system used in our laboratory and to evaluate the effect of vitrification of bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) at different meiotic stages on their in vitro maturation (IVM), cleavage and early embryo development. Analyses were conducted on each dataset with PROC GLIMMIX in SAS using binary distribution (for yes/no response variable) and considering replicate as a random factor. In Experiment 1, meiotic progression of oocytes was evaluated at different time intervals during IVM. The following COC stages were predominantly found at different IVM time intervals: GV (89%) at 0 h, GV (47%) and germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD; 44%) at 6 h, metaphase I (MI; 90%) at 12 h and MII (84%) at 22 h (n > 62 oocytes at each time group). In Experiment 2, bovine COC at 0, 6, 12 and 22 h of IVM were exposed to vitrification solution (15% dimethyl sulfoxide + 15% ethylene glycol + 0.5 M sucrose + 20% CS in TCM-199), loaded onto a cryotop device and vitrified by plunging in liquid nitrogen. Following warming (1 min in 0.5 M sucrose + 20% CS in TCM-199), COC completed 22 h of IVM and the nuclear stage was evaluated with lamin A/C-4′6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining. Upon completion of 22 h of IVM, 23, 23, 35 and 89% of oocytes from 0-, 6-, 12- and 22-h groups, respectively were detected at MII (P < 0.0001). In Experiment 3, cleavage and embryo development of oocytes vitrified at 0, 12 and 22 h of IVM were evaluated. The cleavage rate did not differ among vitrification groups (i.e. 14% at 0 h, 17% at 12 h and 14% at 22 h; P = 0.825). Cleavage and blastocyst rates were higher (P < 0.0001) in the non-vitrified (control) group than in vitrified groups (i.e. 73 vs 15% and 22 vs 0.3%, respectively). In conclusion, the maturation kinetics validated our in vitro culture system and vitrification adversely affected the ability of bovine oocytes to undergo in vitro maturation to the MII stage, in vitro fertilization and early embryo development. Vitrification of oocytes at GV, MI and MII stages of nuclear maturation did not differ in their subsequent survivability. This study was supported by the Canadian Animal Genetic Resources Program, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.

The effect of steer sera generating low or high concentrations of ammonia in culture on bovine embryo development and cell number in vitro

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 2-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kuran ◽  
M.E. Staines ◽  
G.J. McCallum ◽  
A.G. Onal ◽  
T.G. McEvoy
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Cleavage Rate ◽  
Cell Monolayers ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Oviduct Fluid ◽  
Bovine Oocytes

Ovine embryos produced in synthetic oviduct fluid (SOF) medium or in coculture with granulosa cell monolayers supplemented with low (A; 120 μmol/l) and high (B; 190 μmol/l) ammonia-producing steer sera caused different degrees of fetal oversize (Carolan et al., 1998). The objective of the present study was to determine whether the effects on fetal growth induced by these sera were associated with alterations in early embryo development.A total of 911 bovine oocytes, used in 8 replicates to test the effect of three culture treatments on embryo development, were matured and fertilized in vitro (IVF= Day 0). Presumptive zygotes were allocated on Day 1 to culture in SOF supplemented with 10% v/v steer serum (SOF+A, n=308; SOF+B, n=302) or with amino acids plus 0.4% w/v crystalline BSA (SOFaaBSA, n=301). All cultures were in 20 μl droplets under oil (38.5°C; 5% CO2, 5% O2; 4 zygotes per drop) and droplets were renewed every 48 h. Cleavage rate was recorded on Day 3. On Days 7 and 8, blastocyst yields, grade 1 and 2 blastocysts, their cell numbers (by staining with Hoechst 33342) and their stage and diameter were determined.

Effects of metformin on fertilisation of bovine oocytes and early embryo development: possible involvement of AMPK3-mediated TSC2 activation

Zygote ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olympia Pikiou ◽  
Anna Vasilaki ◽  
George Leondaritis ◽  
Nikos Vamvakopoulos ◽  
Ioannis E. Messinis
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Bovine Oocytes ◽  
Dose Dependent

SummaryStudies on bovine oocytes have revealed that the activation of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) by millimolar concentrations of metformin controls nuclear maturation. Tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) has been identified as a downstream target of AMPK. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of addition of low concentrations of metformin (1 nM to 10 μM) on the percentage of cultured cumulus–oocyte complexes (COC) giving rise to cleavage-stage embryos and AMPK-mediated TSC2 activation. Metformin was supplemented either throughout in vitro embryo production (IVP) or only during in vitro fertilization (IVF). COC were matured in vitro, inseminated, and presumptive zygotes cultured for a further 72 h post insemination before the percentage of COC that gave rise to zygotes and early embryo development was assessed. The presence of TSC2 in bovine embryos and its possible AMPK-induced activation were assessed by immunocytochemistry. Metformin had a dose-dependent effect on the numbers of cultured COC that gave rise to embryos. Drug treatment either throughout IVP or only during IVF decreased the percentage of ≥8-cell embryos (1 μM, P < 0.05; 10 μM, P < 0.01; and 0.1 μM, 10 μM, P < 0.01, respectively) and increased the percentage of 2-cell embryos (10 μM, P < 0.01 and P < 0.05 respectively). The percentage of cultured COC that gave rise to zygotes was not affected by metformin. TSC2 is expressed in early embryos. Metformin (10 μM) either throughout IVP or during IVF only, increased AMPK-induced PhosphoS1387-TSC2 immunoreactivity (P < 0.01) and this increase corresponded to the total TSC2 protein levels expressed in cells. Our results suggest that there is a dose-dependent negative effect of metformin on the ability of oocytes to cleave following insemination, possibly mediated through an AMPK-induced activation of TSC2.

scholarly journals Developmental competence in vivo and in vitro of in vitro-matured equine oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection with fresh or frozen-thawed spermatozoa

Reproduction ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 455-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
YH Choi ◽  
CC Love ◽  
LB Love ◽  
DD Varner ◽  
S Brinsko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Cleavage Rate ◽  
First Polar Body ◽  
Bovine Oocytes

This study was undertaken to evaluate the development of equine oocytes in vitro and in vivo after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with either fresh or frozen-thawed spermatozoa, without the use of additional activation treatments. Oocytes were collected from ovaries obtained from an abattoir and oocytes classified as having expanded cumulus cells were matured in M199 with 10% fetal bovine serum and 5 microU FSH ml(-1). After 24-26 h of in vitro maturation, oocytes with a first polar body were selected for manipulation. Fresh ejaculated stallion spermatozoa were used for the experiment after swim-up for 20 min in sperm-Tyrode's albumen lactate pyruvate. Frozen-thawed spermatozoa from the same stallion were treated in a similar way. Spermatozoa were immobilized and injected into the oocytes using a Piezo drill. Presumptive zygotes were cultured in G1.2 medium for 20 or 96 h after the injection was administered, or were transferred to the oviducts of recipient mares and recovered 96 h later. In addition, bovine oocytes with first polar bodies were injected with the two types of stallion spermatozoa and fixed 20 h after injection to examine pronuclear formation. Fertilization rate (pronucleus formation and cleavage) at 20 h after injection of spermatozoa was not significantly different between fresh and frozen-thawed sperm groups in either equine or bovine oocytes. Pronucleus formation after injection of spermatozoa into bovine oocytes was significantly higher than that for equine oocytes (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in cleavage rate or average number of nuclei at 96 h between equine oocytes injected with fresh or frozen-thawed spermatozoa. However, embryos developed in vivo for 96 h had a significantly higher number of nuclei in both sperm treatments compared with those cultured in vitro. These results indicate that good activation rates may be obtained after injection of either fresh or frozen-thawed equine spermatozoa without additional activation treatment. Injection of frozen-thawed equine spermatozoa results in similar embryo development to that obtained with fresh equine spermatozoa. In vitro culture of equine zygotes in G1.2 medium results in a similar cleavage rate but reduced number of cells compared with in vivo culture within the oviduct. Bovine oocytes may be useful as models for assessing sperm function in horses.

228 EFFECT OF INSULIN ON BOVINE OOCYTE MATURATION, CUMULUS CELL APOPTOSIS, AND EARLY EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT IN VITRO

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
I. Lindgren ◽  
P. Humblot ◽  
D. Laskowski ◽  
Y. Sjunnesson
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Blastocyst Formation ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
Maturation In Vitro

Dairy cow fertility has decreased during the last decades, and much evidence indicates that metabolic disorders are an important part of this decline. Insulin is a key factor in the metabolic challenge during the transition period that coincides with the oocyte maturation and may therefore have an impact on the early embryo development. The aim of this study was to test the effect of insulin during oocyte maturation on early embryo development by adding insulin during the oocyte maturation in vitro. In this study, abattoir-derived bovine ovaries were used and cumulus-oocyte complexes (n = 991) were in vitro matured for 22 h according to standard protocols. Insulin was added during maturation in vitro as follows: H (10 µg mL–1 of insulin), L (0.1 µg mL–1 of insulin), or Z (0 µg mL–1 of insulin). After maturation, oocytes were removed and fixed in paraformaldehyde before staining. Click-it TUNEL assay (Invitrogen, Stockholm, Sweden) was used for apoptotic staining and DRAQ5 (BioNordika, Stockholm, Sweden) for nuclear staining (n = 132). Cumulus-oocyte complexes were evaluated using laser scanning confocal microscope (Zeiss LSM 510, Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany). Five levels of scans were used to assess oocyte maturation (MII stage) and apoptosis. Because of incomplete penetration of the TUNEL stain (3–5 layers of cumulus cells), only the outer 2 layers of the cumulus complex were investigated regarding apoptosis. Apoptotic index was calculated as apoptotic cells/total cells visualised. Remaining oocytes were fertilized and cultured in vitro until Day 8. Day 7 and Day 8 blastocyst formation was assessed as well as blastocyst stage and grade. Effect of insulin treatment on variables was analysed by ANOVA following arc sin √p transformation. Post-ANOVA comparisons between H+L group v. Z were performed by using the contrast option under GLM (Scheffé test). Results are presented as least squares means ± s.e. P-values ≤ 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Insulin treatment during oocyte maturation in vitro had no significant effect on oocyte nuclear maturation or apoptotic index of the cumulus cells (Z: 0.052 ± 0.025, L: 0.039 ± 0.016, H: 0.077 ± 0.044, P > 0.05). No effect was seen on cleavage rates (Z: 0.85 ± 0.02, L: 0.85 ± 0.02, H: 0.89 ± 0.03, P > 0.05), but insulin treatment significantly decreased Day 7 rates from fertilized oocytes (Z: 0.19 ± 0.02, L: 0.14 ± 0.02, H: 0.12 ± 0.02, P < 0.05). This study also showed a significantly retarded developmental stage and decreased grade of blastocysts in insulin-treated groups taken together when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). In this study, no effect of insulin supplementation during in vitro maturation was seen on bovine oocyte maturation and apoptosis of cumulus cells, but blastocyst formation and development were negatively affected. Further studies are needed for understanding the relationship between the addition of insulin during maturation in vitro and impaired blastocyst formation. Insulin is a common supplement in the first phase of the first in vitro maturation medium for pig oocytes and is believed to have a beneficial effect on this species.Funding was received from Stiftelsen Nils Lagerlöfs Fond H12–0051-NLA.

181 Equine androgenic embryos: ability of the equine sperm to develop in a heterospecific ooplasm

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
M. B. Rodriguez ◽  
A. Gambini ◽  
D. F. Salamone
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Cleavage Rate ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Haploid Embryos ◽  
Androgenic Embryos

Androgenic haploid embryos were originally produced for the study of certain aspects of early embryo development. The generation of androgenic haploid embryos allows us to better understand the complementary parental contribution to embryonic development, and to examine the effects of haploid development on gene expression. Because mare oocytes for research are scarce, the generation of heterospecific androgenic embryos could be useful to study aspects of the biology of early embryo development, or to identify genes and their variations or mutations that are responsible for reproduction-related problems in mares and stallions, which is of interest for the breeding industry. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the capability of equine sperm to induce embryonic development after injection into an enucleated oocyte from a different species. Porcine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) were obtained from abattoir ovaries and placed in 100-µL drops in vitro maturation (IVM) medium for 42h. Cumulus cells were removed with hyaluronidase and vortexing. Then, mature oocytes were subjected to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with stallion frozen-thawed semen (according to Rodriguez et al. 2015). Immediately after the last injection, the zona pellucida of injected oocytes was removed with protease treatment, the oocytes were treated with cytochalasin B, and the metaphase II enucleated with a 20-µm micropipette. Finally, embryos were placed in culture medium (SOF) in plates with the well-of-the-well (WOW) system. As control treatment, non-enucleated pig oocytes were injected with stallion (CE) and boar (CC) semen. At Day 4, embryos were evaluated for cleavage and number of blastomeres, and stained with Hoechst 33342 to verify the presence of DNA in each blastomere under the UV light. Embryos were stored for future PCR studies to validate the presence of equine DNA. Data were analysed by chi-squared test to compare the cleavage of both controls with the androgenic embryos. From a total of 53 androgenic haploid embryos, the cleavage rate was 62% (33/53). Embryos were cleaved in 2 to 4 cells in 72.7%, 5 to 8 cells in 18.2%, and 9+ cells in 9.1% at Day 4. Presence of DNA in all blastomeres was observed in 60.6% (20/33) of the androgenic haploid embryos, while 21.2% (7/33) of the embryos had 10 to 50% of blastomeres with DNA, and 18.6% (6/33) of the embryos did not have DNA in their blastomeres. The ICSI control embryos cleaved in 45.3% (34/75) and 64.9% (98/151) for groups CC and CE, respectively. Cleavage rates in control CE were significantly higher than those in control CC (P&lt;0.004). No statistical difference was observed in the control groups versus androgenic embryos. This preliminary results showed that a heterospecific ooplasm can be successfully used to allow an equine sperm DNA to decondense and to develop, even in absence of the female counterpart. Using this method, copies of a single sperm DNA can be produced to potentially evaluate individual aspects of early embryo development concerning the male contribution. This is the first report of successful androgenic embryos using a heterospecific oocyte to create copies of a horse sperm DNA.

Effect of butafosfan supplementation during oocyte maturation on bovine embryo development

Zygote ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (05) ◽  
pp. 321-328
Author(s):  
Lucas Teixeira Hax ◽  
Joao Alveiro Alvarado Rincón ◽  
Augusto Schneider ◽  
Lígia Margareth Cantarelli Pegoraro ◽  
Letícia Franco Collares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Cleavage Rate ◽  
Nuclear Maturation

SummaryAround 60–80% of oocytes maturated in vivo reached competence, while the proportion of maturation in vitro is rarely higher than 40%. In this sense, butafosfan has been used in vivo to improve metabolic condition of postpartum cows, and can represent an alternative to increase reproductive efficiency in cows. The aim of this study was to evaluate the addition of increasing doses of butafosfan during oocyte maturation in vitro on the initial embryo development in cattle. In total, 1400 cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) were distributed in four groups and maturated according to supplementation with increasing concentrations of butafosfan (0 mg/ml, 0.05 mg/ml, 0.1 mg/ml and 0.2 mg/ml). Then, 20 oocytes per group were collected to evaluate nuclear maturation and gene expression on cumulus cells and oocytes and the remaining oocytes were inseminated and cultured until day 7, when blastocysts were collected for gene expression analysis. A dose-dependent effect of butafosfan was observed, with decrease of cleavage rate and embryo development with higher doses. No difference between groups was observed in maturation rate and expression of genes related to oocyte quality. Our results suggest that butafosfan is prejudicial for oocytes, compromising cleavage and embryo development.

scholarly journals Identification of a Novel Role for Endothelins within the Oviduct

Endocrinology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (6) ◽  
pp. 2858-2867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myoungkun Jeoung ◽  
Sungeun Lee ◽  
Hee-kyung Hawng ◽  
Yong-Pil Cheon ◽  
Youn Kyung Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Protein Superfamilies ◽  
Endothelin 3

Endothelins were first identified as potent vasoactive peptides; however, diversity in the biological function of these hormones is now evident. We have identified a novel role for endothelins: a requirement for these peptides within the oviduct during fertilization and/or early embryo development. In vivo, treatment after ovulation with a dual endothelin receptor antagonist (tezosentan) decreased the number of two-cell embryos that could be collected from within the oviducts. In vitro fertilization experiments showed that gamete viability and their ability to fertilize were not affected by treatment with this antagonist, suggesting that the effect observed in vivo was mediated by the oviduct itself. Expression of mRNA for all three isoforms of the endothelins and both receptor subtypes was detectable within the oviduct. Expression of mRNA for endothelin-3 was regulated by gonadotropins in epithelial cells of the oviduct and increased specifically within the isthmus of this structure. Immunostaining revealed localization of both endothelin receptors A and B to the columnar epithelial cells within the oviduct, suggestive of a local role for endothelins in the regulation of epithelial function and ultimately oviductal secretions. A microarray analysis revealed three likely endothelin-regulated protein networks for future analysis: the TGFβ, IL-10, and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein superfamilies. Overall, these results suggest a novel and requisite role for endothelins within the oviduct during fertilization and/or early embryo development.

Effects of EPA on bovine oocytes matured in vitro with antioxidants: Impact on the lipid content of oocytes and early embryo development

2020 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 152-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelia Nikoloff ◽  
Anabella Campagna ◽  
Carolina Luchetti ◽  
Ana C. Carranza-Martín ◽  
Ana M. Pascua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
Bovine Oocytes
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