scholarly journals Preterm and infection-driven preterm labor: the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and retinoid X receptor

Reproduction ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
pp. 1007-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J Holdsworth-Carson ◽  
Michael Permezel ◽  
Greg E Rice ◽  
Martha Lappas
Keyword(s):  
Dna Binding ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Retinoid X Receptor ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Dna Binding Activity ◽  
Ppar Γ ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors ◽  
Gestational Tissues ◽  
Expression And Activity

Approximately 8% of births are complicated by preterm delivery. To improve neonatal outcomes, a greater understanding of the mechanisms surrounding preterm parturition is required. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have been implicated in the regulation of labor at term where they exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, we hypothesize that dysregulation of PPAR expression and activity may be associated with preterm labor and infection-associated preterm labor. The aim of this study was to compare the expression and activity of PPARs and the expression of retinoid X-receptor α (RXRA) in gestational tissues from term and preterm deliveries, and from infection-associated preterm deliveries. Quantitative RT-PCR, western blotting and activity ELISA were used to study expression and DNA binding profiles. Compared with term, preterm parturition was associated with an increased expression of PPAR δ (PPARD; mRNA and protein), PPAR γ (PPARG; protein) and RXRA (protein) in the placenta and PPARD (mRNA and protein) and RXRA (mRNA) in the choriodecidua. There was, however, no change in preterm PPAR DNA binding activity compared with term. Preterm chorioamnionitis (CAM) demonstrated protein degradation in the choriodecidua and was associated with a decline in the mRNA expression of PPAR α (PPARA) and RXRA compared with uninfected preterm cases. PPAR DNA binding activity increased in the placenta (PPARD and PPARG) and decreased in the amnion (PPARA and PPARG) in association with preterm CAM. In conclusion, idiopathic preterm deliveries were associated with an increase in PPAR:RXR expression and preterm CAM was associated with a decrease in PPAR:RXR expression and tissue-specific alterations in transcriptional activity. The reasons for such dysregulation remain to be determined; however, the data are consistent with the hypothesis that PPARs may play a role in preterm labor and infection-complicated preterm deliveries.

scholarly journals Trace Elements, PPARs, and Metabolic Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujie Shi ◽  
Yixin Zou ◽  
Ziyue Shen ◽  
Yonghong Xiong ◽  
Wenxiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Dna Binding Activity ◽  
Ppar Γ ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors ◽  
Structure Of Proteins

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of metabolic derangements, including central obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, glucose intolerance, and dyslipidemia. The pathogenesis of MetS has been intensively studied, and now many factors are recognized to contribute to the development of MetS. Among these, trace elements influence the structure of proteins, enzymes, and complex carbohydrates, and thus an imbalance in trace elements is an independent risk factor for MetS. The molecular link between trace elements and metabolic homeostasis has been established, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have appeared as key regulators bridging these two elements. This is because on one hand, PPARs are actively involved in various metabolic processes, such as abdominal adiposity and insulin sensitivity, and on the other hand, PPARs sensitively respond to changes in trace elements. For example, an iron overload attenuates hepatic mRNA expression of Ppar-α; zinc supplementation is considered to recover the DNA-binding activity of PPAR-α, which is impaired in steatotic mouse liver; selenium administration downregulates mRNA expression of Ppar-γ, thereby improving lipid metabolism and oxidative status in the liver of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. More importantly, PPARs’ expression and activity are under the control of the circadian clock and show a robust 24 h rhythmicity, which might be the reasons for the side effects and the clinical limitations of trace elements targeting PPARs. Taken together, understanding the casual relationships among trace elements, PPARs’ actions, and the pathogenesis of MetS is of great importance. Further studies are required to explore the chronopharmacological effects of trace elements on the diurnal oscillation of PPARs and the consequent development of MetS.

Long-term exercise increases the DNA binding activity of peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ in rat adipose tissue

Metabolism ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 1029-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoli Petridou ◽  
Sofia Tsalouhidou ◽  
George Tsalis ◽  
Thorsten Schulz ◽  
Horst Michna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Dna Binding Activity ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue
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