The late effects of radiation therapy on skeletal muscle morphology and progenitor cell content are influenced by diet-induced obesity and exercise training in male mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
D'Souza D ◽  
Roubos S ◽  
Larkin J ◽  
Lloyd J ◽  
Emmons R ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Late Effects ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Cell Content ◽  
Muscle Morphology ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Effects Of Radiation

scholarly journals Trans-Endothelial Insulin Transport is Impaired in Skeletal Muscle Capillaries of Obese Male Mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian M Williams ◽  
P Mason McClatchey ◽  
Deanna P Bracy ◽  
Jeffrey S Bonner ◽  
Francisco A Valenzuela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Delivery ◽  
Capillary Endothelium ◽  
Sustained Delivery ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Insulin Transport ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
In Trans ◽  
Muscle Capillaries

ABSTRACTDelivery of insulin to the surface of myocytes is required for skeletal muscle (SkM) insulin action. Previous studies have shown that SkM insulin delivery is reduced in the setting of obesity and insulin resistance (IR). The key variables that control SkM insulin delivery are 1) microvascular perfusion and 2) the rate at which insulin moves across the continuous endothelium of SkM capillaries. Obesity and IR are associated with reduced insulin-stimulated SkM perfusion. Whether an impairment in trans-endothelial insulin transport (EIT) contributes to SkM IR, however, is unknown. We hypothesized that EIT would be delayed in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity (DIO) and IR. Using intravital insulin imaging, we found that DIO male mice have a ~15% reduction in EIT compared to their lean counterparts. This impairment in EIT is associated with a 45% reduction in the density of endothelial vesicles. Despite impaired EIT, hyperinsulinemia sustained delivery of insulin to the interstitial space in DIO male mice. Even with maintained interstitial insulin delivery DIO male mice still showed SkM IR, indicating severe myocyellular IR in this model. Interestingly, there was no difference in EIT, endothelial ultrastructure or SkM insulin sensitivity between lean and high fat diet-fed female mice. These results suggest that, in male mice, obesity results in damage to the capillary endothelium which limits the capacity for EIT.

Effect Of Diet And Exercise On Skeletal Muscle Morphology Following Radiation Therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5S) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Donna D’souza ◽  
Russell Emmons ◽  
Diego Hernández-Saavedra ◽  
Sophia Roubos ◽  
Jillian Larkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Muscle Morphology ◽  
Diet And Exercise

Hematopoietic stem cell compartment: Acute and late effects of radiation therapy and chemotherapy

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1319-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Mauch ◽  
Louis Constine ◽  
Joel Greenberger ◽  
William Knospe ◽  
Jessie Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Late Effects ◽  
Cell Compartment ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Stem Cell Compartment ◽  
Effects Of Radiation
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