Exercise intensity and markers of inflammation during and after (neo-) adjuvant cancer treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
Tim Schauer ◽  
Anne-Sophie Mazzoni ◽  
Anna Henriksson ◽  
Ingrid Demmelmaier ◽  
Sveinung Berntsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation

Exercise training has been hypothesized to lower the inflammatory burden for patients with cancer, but the role of exercise intensity is unknown. To this end, we compared the effects of high-intensity (HI) and low-to-moderate intensity (LMI) exercise on markers of inflammation in patients with curable breast, prostate and colorectal cancer undergoing primary adjuvant cancer treatment in a secondary analysis of the Phys-Can randomized trial (NCT02473003). Sub-group analyses focused on patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Patients performed 6 months of combined aerobic and resistance exercise on either HI or LMI during and after primary adjuvant cancer treatment. Plasma taken at baseline, immediately post-treatment and post-intervention was analyzed for levels of interleukin 1 beta (IL1B), IL6, IL8, IL10, tumor-necrosis factor alpha (TNFA) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Intention-to-treat analyses of 394 participants revealed no significant between-group differences. Regardless of exercise intensity, significant increases of IL6, IL8, IL10 and TNFA post-treatment followed by significant declines, except for IL8, until post-intervention were observed with no difference for CRP or IL1B. Subgroup analyses of 154 patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy revealed that CRP (estimated mean difference (95% CI): 0.59 (0.33; 1.06); P  = 0.101) and TNFA (EMD (95% CI): 0.88 (0.77; 1); P  = 0.053) increased less with HI exercise post-treatment compared to LMI. Exploratory cytokine co-regulation analysis revealed no difference between the groups. In patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy, HI exercise resulted in a lesser increase of CRP and TNFA immediately post-treatment compared to LMI, potentially protecting against chemotherapy-related inflammation.

scholarly journals The effects of an individualized exercise intervention on body composition in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment

2007 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Battaglini ◽  
Martim Bottaro ◽  
Carolyn Dennehy ◽  
Logan Rae ◽  
Edgar Shields ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Changes in metabolism have been reported in the majority of patients undergoing cancer treatment, and these are usually characterized by progressive change in body composition. The effects of aerobic exercise programs to combat the cancer and cancer treatment-related side effects, which include the negative changes in body composition, have been extensively reported in the literature. However, few resistance exercise intervention studies have hypothesized that breast cancer patients might benefit from this type of exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine whether exercise protocols that emphasize resistance training would change body composition and strength in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment. DESIGN AND SETTING: Randomized controlled trial, at the Campus Recreation Center and Rocky Mountain Cancer Rehabilitation Institute of the University of Northern Colorado, and the North Colorado Medical Center. METHODS: Twenty inactive breast cancer patients were randomly assigned to a 21-week exercise group (n = 10) or a control group (n = 10). The exercise group trained at low to moderate intensity for 60 minutes on two days/week. The primary outcome measurements included body composition (skinfold method) and muscle strength (one repetition maximum). RESULTS: Significant differences in lean body mass, body fat and strength (p = 0.004, p = 0.004, p = 0.025, respectively) were observed between the groups at the end of the study. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that exercise emphasizing resistance training promotes positive changes in body composition and strength in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Anthocyanin-Rich Water-Soluble Aronia Dry Extracts

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 4055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Banach ◽  
Magdalena Wiloch ◽  
Katarzyna Zawada ◽  
Wojciech Cyplik ◽  
Wojciech Kujawski
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Radical Scavenging Properties

Aronia fruits contain many valuable components that are beneficial to human health. However, fruits are characterized by significant variations in chemical composition dependent on the growing conditions and harvesting period. Therefore, there is a need to formulate the extracts with a precisely defined content of health-promoting substances. Aronia dry extracts (ADE) were prepared from frozen pomace applying water extraction, followed by purification and spray-drying. Subsequently, the content of anthocyanins, phenolic acids, and polyphenols was determined. The high-quality chokeberry pomace enabled obtaining extracts with anthocyanin content much higher than the typical market standards. Moreover, it was found that the antioxidant capacity of aronia extracts exceeded those found in other fruit preparations. Antioxidant and free-radical scavenging properties were evaluated using a 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy (DPPH-EPR) test and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assay. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation and the level of inflammatory markers have been also investigated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264 cells. It was revealed that ADE standardized to 25% of anthocyanins depresses the level of markers of inflammation and lipid peroxidation (Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and malondialdehyde (MDA)) in in vitro conditions. Additionally, it was confirmed that ADE at all analyzed concentrations did not show any cytotoxic effect as demonstrated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

Increased Levels of Inflammatory Mediators in Lung Cancer and Their Modulation by Oral Anticoagulant Treatment.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 892-892
Author(s):  
Muzaffer DeMir ◽  
Debra A. Hoppensteadt ◽  
Josephine Cunanan ◽  
Omer Iqbal ◽  
Jawed Fareed
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant Treatment ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Cancer Associated Thrombosis

Abstract Venous thromboembolic events (VTE) are associated with lung cancer and significantly contributes to the increased mortality in these patients. While the increased prevalence of VTE is fully recognized in lung cancer, its pathogenesis is not fully understood. Even the patients undergoing therapeutic interventions are at high risk to develop VTE. These patients provide a unique clinical setting to investigate the pathogenesis of lung cancer associated thrombosis. In a prospective, randomized, controlled study patients with inoperable lung cancer (n=100) were randomized to receive chemotherapy, radiation and warfarin (INR 1.5–2.5) or chemotherapy, radiation without warfarin (n=50). Blood samples were drawn prior to and after the second treatment cycle with warfarin. All samples were analyzed for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF a), CD 40 ligand (CD 40L), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1b), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and nitric oxide (NO) as summarized in Table 1. All of the surrogate markers of inflammation showed a decreased trend (13–50%) in the warfarin treated group, whereas the non-warfarin treated group exhibited an increase (18–46%) in all markers except CRP and ADMA. The levels of various inflammatory markers are upregulated in lung cancer suggesting a pathogenic role of this process in lung cancer. Warfarin down regulated the inflammatory process in contrast to the non-warfarin treated group. The clinical relevance of these observations require additional analysis. Table 1 Test Warfarin Treated Warfarin Treated Warfarin Treated Non-Warfarin Treated Non-Warfarin Treated Non-Warfarin Treated Pre Post % Change Pre Post % Change TNF α (pg/ml) 63±22 44.4±18.2 ↓30 50.7±18 62.9±19.2 ↑24 CD 40L (ng/ml) 671±212 470±123 ↓29 563±176 712±234 ↑26 CRP (μg/ml) 19.1±8.5 9.6±2.8 ↓50 18.2±9.2 9.9±3.1 ↓46 NO (μM) 33.4±9.8 29±8.5 ↓13 29.9±8.8 35.2±8.2 ↑18 IL-1β (pg/ml) 14.6±5.7 11.1±5.3 ↓24 15.3±6.2 15.2±5.8 NC ADMA (μ/ml) 2.0±0.8 1.53±0.8 ↓24 2.0±0.8 1.9±0.7 ↓18

Up-regulation of inflammatory and thrombotic mediators in lung cancer and their modulation by oral anticoagulantion

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7705-7705
Author(s):  
J. Fareed ◽  
A. Ciftci ◽  
M. Demir ◽  
D. Hoppensteadt ◽  
G. Altiay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Surrogate Markers ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic

7705 Background: Venous thromboembolic events (VTE) are associated with lung cancer and significantly contributes to the increased mortality in these patients. While the increased prevalence of VTE is fully recognized in lung cancer, its pathogenesis is not fully understood at this time. Even the patients undergoing therapeutic interventions are at high risk to develop VTE. Profiling of surrogate markers of thrombosis and inflammation provides an opportunity to understand the pathogenesis of thrombosis in these patients. Methods: In a prospective, randomized, controlled study patients with inoperable lung cancer (n=100) were randomized to receive chemotherapy, radiation and warfarin (INR 1.5–2.5) or chemotherapy, radiation without warfarin (n=50). Blood samples were drawn prior to and after the second treatment cycle with warfarin. All samples were analyzed for such inflammation markers as the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF a), CD 40 ligand (CD 40L), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and nitric oxide (NO). In addition, prothrombin fragment F1.2 (F1.2) and thrombin antithrombin complex (TAT) were also measured. Results: The results are summarized in the following table . All of the surrogate markers of inflammation showed a decreased trend (13–50%) in the warfarin treated group, whereas the non-warfarin treated group exhibited an increase (18–46%) in all markers except CRP and ADMA. The markers of thrombin generation were down regulated in the warfarin treated group. Conclusions: The levels of various inflammatory markers are upregulated in lung cancer suggesting a pathogenic role of this process in lung cancer. Warfarin down regulated the inflammatory and thrombogenic processes in contrast to the non-warfarin treated group. The clinical relevance of these observations require additional analysis. No significant financial relationships to disclose. [Table: see text]

Serum metabolism during breast cancer treatment.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e23043-e23043
Author(s):  
Guro Fanneløb Giskeødegård ◽  
Torfinn Støve Madssen ◽  
Riyas Vettukattil ◽  
Vidar Gordon Flote ◽  
Anders Husøy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Treatment ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Lipoprotein Subfractions ◽  
Metabolite Profiles

e23043 Serum metabolism during breast cancer treatment Background: Breast cancer treatment may include surgery, systemic therapy and radiation, often involving side-effects. Many patients experience weight gain during treatment, which is associated with decreased survival rates1. The purpose of this study was to describe serum metabolic alterations in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment, and relate these alterations to weight gain during treatment. Methods: This pilot study includes 60 breast cancer patients, aged 35-75 years, with histologically verified stage I/II disease. All patients underwent tumor surgery, and were treated according to national guidelines. Samples were collected before and 6 months after surgery, and analyzed by MR spectroscopy (MRS) and mass spectrometry (MS). 170 metabolites and 105 lipoprotein subfractions were quantified by combined MRS and MS analyses. Results: Multilevel PLS-DA showed significant alterations in serum metabolite profiles post-treatment, both in patients receiving (n = 35) and not receiving (n = 25) chemotherapy (classification accuracy: 86.7% and 77.0%, resp., p < 0.001). Lipoprotein profiles were also significantly altered in both groups (p < 0.001). Chemotherapy recipients had decreased levels of citrate, ornithine, and methionine after treatment, while non-recipients had increased levels of glutamate, alanine, proline and two biogenic amines, and decreased levels of acylcarnitines. 17/52 patients (32.7%) gained weight (≥ 1.5 kg) during treatment. Weight gain was predicted from pre-treatment samples with accuracy 67.0% (p = 0.020). Weight gain patients had lower levels of three acylcarnitines and 20 phosphocholines, and higher levels of lysine and isoleucine, suggesting aberrant lipid and amino acid metabolism. Weight gain was also reflected in the post-treatment samples (accuracy 66.8%, p = 0.015), with weight gain patients having higher levels of five acylcarnitines, and lower levels of glycine, isoleucine and valine. Conclusions: This study indicates that treatment induces changes in serum metabolite levels. Patients gaining weight had significantly different metabolite profiles than those not gaining weight both before and after treatment. 1. Chan et al, Ann Oncol 25: 1901-14, 2014.

scholarly journals Patient Navigation in Breast Cancer Treatment and Survivorship: A Systematic Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (30) ◽  
pp. 3686-3696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon H. Baik ◽  
Linda C. Gallo ◽  
Kristen J. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Patient Navigation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Breast Cancer Treatment ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Methodologic Quality ◽  
Surveillance Mammography

Purpose Patient navigation is an intervention approach that improves cancer outcomes by reducing barriers and facilitating timely access to cancer care. Little is known about the benefits of patient navigation during breast cancer treatment and survivorship. This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of patient navigation in improving treatment and survivorship outcomes in women with breast cancer. Methods The review included experimental and quasi-experimental studies of patient navigation programs that target breast cancer treatment and breast cancer survivorship. Articles were systematically obtained through electronic database searches of PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library. The Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool was used to evaluate the methodologic quality of individual studies. Results Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Most were of moderate to high quality. Outcomes targeted included timeliness of treatment initiation, adherence to cancer treatment, and adherence to post-treatment surveillance mammography. Heterogeneity of outcome assessments precluded a meta-analysis. Overall, results demonstrated that patient navigation increases surveillance mammography rates, but only minimal evidence was found with regard to its effectiveness in improving breast cancer treatment outcomes. Conclusion This study is the most comprehensive systematic review of patient navigation research focused on improving breast cancer treatment and survivorship. Minimal research has indicated that patient navigation may be effective for post-treatment surveillance; however, more studies are needed to draw definitive conclusions about the efficacy of patient navigation during and after cancer treatment.

scholarly journals High intensity exercise during breast cancer chemotherapy - effects on long-term myocardial damage and physical capacity - data from the OptiTrain RCT

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefin Ansund ◽  
Sara Mijwel ◽  
Kate A. Bolam ◽  
Renske Altena ◽  
Yvonne Wengström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Abstract Background Adjuvant systemic breast cancer treatment improves disease specific outcomes, but also presents with cardiac toxicity. In this post-hoc exploratory analysis of the OptiTrain trial, the effects of exercise on cardiotoxicity were monitored by assessing fitness and biomarkers over the intervention and into survivorship. Methods; Women starting chemotherapy were randomized to 16-weeks of resistance and high-intensity interval training (RT-HIIT), moderate-intensity aerobic and high-intensity interval training (AT–HIIT), or usual care (UC). Outcome measures included plasma troponin-T (cTnT), Nt-pro-BNP and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and at 1- and 2-years. Results For this per-protocol analysis, 88 women met criteria for inclusion. Plasma cTnT increased in all groups post-intervention. At the 1-year follow-up, Nt-pro-BNP was lower in the exercise groups compared to UC. At 2-years there was a drop in VO2peak for patients with high cTnT and Nt-pro-BNP. Fewer patients in the RT-HIIT group fulfilled biomarker risk criteria compared to UC (OR 0.200; 95% CI = 0.055–0.734). Conclusions In this cohort, high-intensity exercise was associated with lower levels of NT-proBNP 1-year post-baseline, but not with cTnT directly after treatment completion. This may, together with the preserved VO2peak in patients with low levels of biomarkers, indicate a long-term cardioprotective effect of exercise. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.govNCT02522260, Registered 13th of august 2015 – Retrospectively Registered Graphical abstract

The effects of complete decongestive therapy on the extent of secondary lymphoedema in women after breast cancer treatment

Physiotherapy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Malicka ◽  
Dawid Marciniak
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Breast Conserving Surgery ◽  
Breast Cancer Treatment ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Complete Decongestive Therapy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Decongestive Therapy

AbstractAim of the study was to assess the effects of Complete Decongestive Therapy (CDT) on the extent of lymphedema of the upper extremity in women post cancer treatment.Study group: 20 women after breast cancer treatment with a mean age of 63.15 years (± 8.15). The group was intentionally divided into 2 groups: patients with lymphedema and patients without lymphedema. The first group (study group, n = 10) consisted of women who received CDT. 70% of them had undergone mastectomy and 30% – breast-conserving surgery. In addition, 60% had received radiotherapy, 70% – chemotherapy and 80% – hormone therapy. The mean post-treatment period was 6.2 ± 3.5 years. Patients in the second group (control group, n = 10) did not receive any anti-edema treatments. 90% of them had undergone mastectomy and 10% – breast-conserving surgery. In addition, 40% of study participants had received adjuvant treatment in the form of radiotherapy, 80% – chemotherapy and 50% – hormone therapy. The mean post-treatment period was 6.3 ± 4.4 years. Method: The extent of lymphedema was measured using a centimeter tape and Limb Volumes Professional 5.0 software.A significant reduction in the extent of lymphedema (p = 0.005) was achieved in the CDT group between baseline and post-treatment assessments. No such reduction, however, was found in the control group (p = 0.33).Complete decongestive therapy is an effective method of treatment of lymphedema in women post breast cancer treatment.

Home-Based Physical Activity Intervention for Breast Cancer Patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (15) ◽  
pp. 3577-3587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardine M. Pinto ◽  
Georita M. Frierson ◽  
Carolyn Rabin ◽  
Joseph J. Trunzo ◽  
Bess H. Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Early Stage Breast Cancer ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Home Based

Purpose The efficacy of a home-based physical activity (PA) intervention for early-stage breast cancer patients was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial. Patients and Methods Eighty-six sedentary women (mean age, 53.14 years; standard deviation, 9.70 years) who had completed treatment for stage 0 to II breast cancer were randomly assigned to a PA or contact control group. Participants in the PA group received 12 weeks of PA counseling (based on the Transtheoretical Model) delivered via telephone, as well as weekly exercise tip sheets. Assessments were conducted at baseline, after treatment (12 weeks), and 6 and 9 month after baseline follow-ups. The post-treatment outcomes are reported here. Results Analyses showed that, after treatment, the PA group reported significantly more total minutes of PA, more minutes of moderate-intensity PA, and higher energy expenditure per week than controls. The PA group also out-performed controls on a field test of fitness. Changes in PA were not reflected in objective activity monitoring. The PA group was more likely than controls to progress in motivational readiness for PA and to meet PA guidelines. No significant group differences were found in body mass index and percent body fat. Post-treatment group comparisons revealed significant improvements in vigor and a reduction in fatigue in the PA group. There was a positive trend in intervention effects on overall mood and body esteem. Conclusion The intervention successfully increased PA and improved fitness and specific aspects of psychological well-being among early-stage breast cancer patients. The success of a home-based PA intervention has important implications for promoting recovery in this population.

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