scholarly journals Insulin resistance associates with hepatic lobular inflammation in subjects with obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1294-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederique Van de Velde ◽  
Marlies Bekaert ◽  
Anja Geerts ◽  
Anne Hoorens ◽  
Arsène-Hélène Batens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Lobular Inflammation

Purpose Obese subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are more prone to develop additional metabolic disturbances such as systemic insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes. NAFLD is defined by hepatic steatosis, lobular inflammation, ballooning and stage of fibrosis, but it is unclear if and which components could contribute to IR. Objective To assess which histological components of NAFLD associate with IR in subjects with obesity, and if so, to what extent. Methods This cross-sectional study included 78 obese subjects (mean age 46 ± 11 years; BMI 42.2 ± 4.7 kg/m2). Glucose levels were analysed by hexokinase method and insulin levels with electrochemiluminescence. Homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Liver biopsies were evaluated for histological components of NAFLD. Results A positive association between overall NAFLD Activity Score and HOMA-IR was found (r s = 0.259, P = 0.022). As per individual components, lobular inflammation and fibrosis stage were positively associated with HOMA-IR, glucose and insulin levels (P < 0.05), and HOMA-IR was higher in patients with more inflammatory foci or higher stage of fibrosis. These findings were independent of age, BMI, triglyceride levels, diabetes status and sex (all P < 0.043). In a combined model, lobular inflammation, but not fibrosis, remained associated with HOMA-IR. Conclusion In this group of obese subjects, a major contributing histological component of NAFLD to the relation between NAFLD severity and IR seems to be the grade of hepatic lobular inflammation. Although no causal relationship was assessed, preventing or mitigating this inflammatory response in obesity might be of importance in controlling obesity-related metabolic disturbances.

scholarly journals High HOMA-IR Index in Healthcare Shift Workers

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Ledda ◽  
Diana Cinà ◽  
Serena Matera ◽  
Nicola Mucci ◽  
Massimo Bracci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Shift Workers

Background and objectives: Evidence shows that shift work may be correlated with insulin resistance (IR). Therefore its estimation in clinical and prevention practice is of great significance. A cross-sectional study was performed to examine the Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) Index among healthcare shift workers (HCSW). Materials and Methods: A total of 272 healthcare workers (HCWs) were invited to participate in the study within an occupational surveillance framework, 137 were HCSW while 135 were healthcare non-shift workers (HCNSW). Fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR Index were evaluated in each participant and correlated with shift workers. Results: Indicators of glucose metabolism were significantly higher in HCSW p < 0.001, and logistic regression analysis confirmed a significant positive association between increased values of HOMA-IR Index and shift workers (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Shift work could be a risk factor in developing insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Hubungan Lingkar Pinggang, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance, dan Prostaglandin-I2 dengan Test Agregasi Trombosit pada Subyek Obesitas Sentral

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucrezia Renata ◽  
Karel Pandelaki ◽  
Linda W. A. Rotty
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Prostaglandin I2 ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Subjects

Abstract: Overweight and obese are global health problems and tend to increase in Indonesia. Central obesity is associated with inflammation, insulin resistance, and increased reactive oxidative stress. Insulin resistance can cause a decrease in prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, and an increase in platelet aggregation. Its effect in platelet aggregation may increase thrombus formation in blood vessels. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between waist circumference (WC) with HOMA-IR, PGI2 and platelet aggregation test (PAT) in central obese subjects. This was an observational and analytical correlational study with a cross-sectional design conducted at Prof. dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado. Samples were 33 central obese subjects, 19 were male and 14 were female. Insulin resistance was measured by using HOMA- IR, urine PGI2, and PAT. The Spearmann and Pearson correlation test showed a positive correlation between WC and HOMA-IR (r=0.366, p=0.036). There was a negative correlation but not significant between WC and PGI2 (r=-0.169, p=0.347); between WC and PAT (r=0.094, p=0.603); between HOMA-IR and PGI2 (r=-0.218, p=0.223); and between HOMA-IR and PAT (r=0.080, p=0.658). In conclusion, in central obese people, there  is a relationship between WC and HOMA-IR, but there is no relationship between WC, PGI2, and PAT.Keywords: central obesity, HOMA-IR, prostaglandin-I2, platelet aggregation test Abstrak: Berat badan berlebih atau obesitas merupakan masalah kesehatan global dan terus meningkat di Indonesia. Pada obesitas sentral terjadi inflamasi, resistensi insulin, dan mening-katnya reaktif oksidatif stress. Resistensi insulin mampu menyebabkan penurunan kadar prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) dan nitrik oksida (NO). Penurunan kadar PGI2 dapat menyebabkan peningkatan agregasi trombosit yang selanjutnya meningkatkan kemungkinan terjadinya trombus dalam pembuluh darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara lingkar pinggang dengan HOMA-IR, PGI2, dan test agregasi trombosit (TAT) pada subyek obes sentral. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional analitik bentuk korelasional dengan desain potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan di RSUP Prof. dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Total sampel 33  subyek dengan obesitas sentral, 19 laki-laki dan 14 perempuan. Pengukuran resistensi insulin menggunakan HOMA-IR, PGI2 urin, dan TAT. Uji korelasi Spearmann dan Pearson. mendapatkan korelasi positif antara LP dengan HOMA-IR (r=0,366; p=0,036). Terdapat korelasi negatif tidak bermakna pada hubungan antara LP dengan PGI2 (r=-0,169; p=0,347); hubungan antara LP dengan TAT (r=0,094; p=0,603); hubungan antara HOMA-IR dengan PGI2 (r=-0,218;p=0,223); dan hubungan antara HOMA-IR dengan TAT (r=0,080; p=0,658). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pada subyek obes sentral terdapat hubungan antara lingkar pinggang dengan HOMA-IR, tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan antara lingkar pinggang dengan PGI2 dan TAT.  Kata kunci: obesitas sentral, HOMA-IR, prostaglandin-I2, tes agregasi trombosit

Association between anthropometric measures and insulin resistance in Brazilian adolescents: data from the national study of cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents – ERICA

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiane Cristina Pazin ◽  
Sandro Silva da Matta ◽  
José Rocha Faria-Neto ◽  
Katia Vergetti Bloch
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
National Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objectives To evaluate anthropometric measures (AM) and insulin resistance (IR) association in adolescents aged 12–17 years and investigates how body mass index (BMI) interrelates with specific indicators of fat distribution in this association. Methods This analysis is from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA) study, a national, cross-sectional study. AM was categorized by quartiles, and their means and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated. The prevalence of IR was estimated for each AM according to the quartiles. The associations between AM and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels were analyzed using Poisson models. Results 37,892 adolescents were included. IR prevalence tended to increase as quartiles increased for each AM. The association of BMI with IR persisted with the adjustment for others AM. The greatest reduction in the association’s strength was achieved with the adjustment by the waist circumference (WC) and the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Most other AM were also associated with IR. Conclusion AM has a positive association with the prevalence of IR, and the joint effect of BMI and central adiposity measures should be considered in cardiometabolic risk evaluation in adolescents.

scholarly journals Daily chocolate consumption is inversely associated with insulin resistance and liver enzymes in the Observation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Luxembourg study

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (9) ◽  
pp. 1661-1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ala’a Alkerwi ◽  
Nicolas Sauvageot ◽  
Georgina E. Crichton ◽  
Merrill F. Elias ◽  
Saverio Stranges
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders

AbstractThis study examined the association of chocolate consumption with insulin resistance and serum liver enzymes in a national sample of adults in Luxembourg. A random sample of 1153 individuals, aged 18–69 years, was recruited to participate in the cross-sectional Observation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Luxembourg study. Chocolate consumption (g/d) was obtained from a semi-quantitative FFQ. Blood glucose and insulin levels were used for the homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Hepatic biomarkers such as serum γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase (γ-GT), serum aspartate transaminase and serum alanine transaminase (ALT) (mg/l) were assessed using standard laboratory assays. Chocolate consumers (81·8 %) were more likely to be younger, physically active, affluent people with higher education levels and fewer chronic co-morbidities. After excluding subjects taking antidiabetic medications, higher chocolate consumption was associated with lower HOMA-IR (β=−0·16, P=0·004), serum insulin levels (β=−0·16, P=0·003) and γ-GT (β=−0·12, P=0·009) and ALT (β=−0·09, P=0·004), after adjustment for age, sex, education, lifestyle and dietary confounding factors, including intakes of fruits and vegetables, alcohol, polyphenol-rich coffee and tea. This study reports an independent inverse relationship between daily chocolate consumption and levels of insulin, HOMA-IR and liver enzymes in adults, suggesting that chocolate consumption may improve liver enzymes and protect against insulin resistance, a well-established risk factor for cardiometabolic disorders. Further observational prospective research and well-designed randomised-controlled studies are needed to confirm this cross-sectional relationship and to comprehend the role and mechanisms that different types of chocolate may play in insulin resistance and cardiometabolic disorders.

scholarly journals Rare Mutations of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma: Frequencies and Relationship with Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Risk in the Mixed Ancestry Population from South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Vergotine ◽  
A. P. Kengne ◽  
R. T. Erasmus ◽  
Y. Y. Yako ◽  
T. E. Matsha
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Mixed Ancestry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Diabetes Status

Background. Genetic variants in the nuclear transcription receptor, PPARG, are associated with cardiometabolic traits, but reports remain conflicting. We determined the frequency and the clinical relevance of PPARG SNPs in an African mixed ancestry population.Methods. In a cross-sectional study, 820 participants were genotyped for rs1800571, rs72551362, rs72551363, rs72551364, and rs3856806, using allele-specific TaqMan technology. The homeostatic model assessment of insulin (HOMA-IR),β-cells function (HOMA-B%), fasting insulin resistance index (FIRI), and the quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were calculated.Results. No sequence variants were found except for the rs3856806. The frequency of the PPARG-His447His variant was 23.8% in the overall population group, with no difference by diabetes status (P=0.215). The His447His allele T was associated with none of the markers of insulin resistance overall and by diabetes status. In models adjusted for 2-hour insulin, the T allele was associated with lower prevalent diabetes risk (odds ratio 0.56 (95% CI 0.31–0.95)).Conclusion. Our study confirms the almost zero occurrences of known rare PPARG SNPs and has shown for the first time in an African population that one of the common SNPs, His447His, may be protective against type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Circulating fatty acid profiles are associated with protein energy wasting in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ban-Hock Khor ◽  
◽  
Sharmela Sahathevan ◽  
Ayesha Sualeheen ◽  
Mohammad Syafiq Md Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation

AbstractThe metabolic impact of circulating fatty acids (FAs) in patients requiring hemodialysis (HD) is unknown. We investigated the associations between plasma triglyceride (TG) FAs and markers of inflammation, insulin resistance, nutritional status and body composition. Plasma TG-FAs were measured using gas chromatography in 341 patients on HD (age = 55.2 ± 14.0 years and 54.3% males). Cross-sectional associations of TG-FAs with 13 markers were examined using multivariate linear regression adjusted for potential confounders. Higher levels of TG saturated fatty acids were associated with greater body mass index (BMI, r = 0.230), waist circumference (r = 0.203), triceps skinfold (r = 0.197), fat tissue index (r = 0.150), serum insulin (r = 0.280), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (r = 0.276), but lower malnutrition inflammation score (MIS, r =  − 0.160). Greater TG monounsaturated fatty acid levels were associated with lower lean tissue index (r =  − 0.197) and serum albumin (r =  − 0.188), but higher MIS (r = 0.176). Higher levels of TG n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were associated with lower MIS (r =  − 0.168) and interleukin-6 concentrations (r =  − 0.115). Higher levels of TG n-6 PUFAs were associated with lower BMI (r =  − 0.149) but greater serum albumin (r = 0.112). In conclusion, TG monounsaturated fatty acids were associated with poor nutritional status, while TG n-3 PUFAs were associated with good nutritional status. On the other hand, TG saturated fatty acids and TG n-6 PUFAs had both favorable and unfavorable associations with nutritional parameters.

Investigating the relationship between insulin resistance and adipose tissue in a randomized Tehrani population

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalaledin Mirzay Razzaz ◽  
Hossein Moameri ◽  
Zahra Akbarzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Ariya ◽  
Seyed ali Hosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Fat Percent ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives Insulin resistance is the most common metabolic change associated with obesity. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between insulin resistance and body composition especially adipose tissue in a randomized Tehrani population. Methods This study used data of 2,160 individuals registered in a cross-sectional study on were randomly selected from among subjects who were referred to nutrition counseling clinic in Tehran, from April 2016 to September 2017. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostasis model assessment formula. The odds ratio (95% CI) was calculated using logistic regression models. Results The mean age of the men was 39 (±10) and women were 41 (±11) (the age ranged from 20 to 50 years). The risk of increased HOMA-IR was 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01–1.04) for an increase in one percent of Body fat, and 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00–1.05) for an increase in one percent of Trunk fat. Moreover, the odds ratio of FBS for an increase in one unit of Body fat percent and Trunk fat percent increased by 1.05 (adjusted odds ratio [95% CI: 1.03, 1.06]) and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.08). Also, the risk of increased Fasting Insulin was 1.05 (95% CI: 1.03–1.07) for an increase in one unit of Body fat percent, and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02–1.08) for an increase in one unit of Trunk fat percent. Conclusions The findings of the present study showed that there was a significant relationship between HOMA-IR, Fasting blood sugar, Fasting Insulin, and 2 h Insulin with percent of Body fat, percent of Trunk fat.

scholarly journals Plasma resistin, adiponectin and leptin levels in lean and obese subjects: correlations with insulin resistance

2003 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
JV Silha ◽  
M Krsek ◽  
JV Skrha ◽  
P Sucharda ◽  
BL Nyomba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: Adipose tIssue regulates insulin sensitivity via the circulating adipocytokines, leptin, resistin and adiponectin. The objective of this study was to compare the levels of resistin, adiponectin and leptin in lean and obese subjects and determine the relationship between circulating adipocytokines and insulin resistance. METHODS: We examined plasma levels of resistin, adiponectin and leptin in 17 lean subjects with a mean body mass index (BMI) of approximately 23 and 34 non-diabetic obese individuals with a mean BMI approximately 33. Insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment ratio (HOMA-R) formula derived from fasting insulin and glucose levels. RESULTS: Resistin levels were not significantly different between the two groups but were significantly higher in women compared with men, 35.4+/-6.5 (s.e.) vs 15.4+/-2.9 microg/L, P<0.01. Resistin did not correlate with BMI but did significantly correlate with HOMA-R, P<0.01, and this correlation remained significant after adjustment for gender and BMI. Adiponectin levels were significantly lower in obese compared with lean subjects, P<0.005, and higher in women, P<0.001, but showed no significant correlation with HOMA-R. Leptin levels were significantly higher in obese subjects and women and correlated with HOMA-R and resistin. DISCUSSION: In this small group of patients we demonstrated that insulin resistance correlated most strongly with leptin levels. A significant correlation between resistin levels and insulin resistance was also observed. Although a similar trend was apparent for adiponectin, the correlation with insulin resistance did not achieve statistical significance.

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