scholarly journals Thermoneutral housing attenuates premature cancellous bone loss in male C57BL/6J mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1455-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A Martin ◽  
Kenneth A Philbrick ◽  
Carmen P Wong ◽  
Dawn A Olson ◽  
Adam J Branscum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Distal Femur ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Type I ◽  
Housing Temperature

Mice are a commonly used model to investigate aging-related bone loss but, in contrast to humans, mice exhibit cancellous bone loss prior to skeletal maturity. The mechanisms mediating premature bone loss are not well established. However, our previous work in female mice suggests housing temperature is a critical factor. Premature cancellous bone loss was prevented in female C57BL/6J mice by housing the animals at thermoneutral temperature (where basal rate of energy production is at equilibrium with heat loss). In the present study, we determined if the protective effects of thermoneutral housing extend to males. Male C57BL/6J mice were housed at standard room temperature (22°C) or thermoneutral (32°C) conditions from 5 (rapidly growing) to 16 (slowly growing) weeks of age. Mice housed at room temperature exhibited reductions in cancellous bone volume fraction in distal femur metaphysis and fifth lumbar vertebra; these effects were abolished at thermoneutral conditions. Mice housed at thermoneutral temperature had higher levels of bone formation in distal femur (based on histomorphometry) and globally (serum osteocalcin), and lower global levels of bone resorption (serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen) compared to mice housed at room temperature. Thermoneutral housing had no impact on bone marrow adiposity but resulted in higher abdominal white adipose tissue and serum leptin. The overall magnitude of room temperature housing-induced cancellous bone loss did not differ between male (current study) and female (published data) mice. These findings highlight housing temperature as a critical experimental variable in studies using mice of either sex to investigate aging-related changes in bone metabolism.

Differences in sodium fluoride-18 uptake in the normal skeleton depending on the location and characteristics of the bone

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (03) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shintaro Nawata ◽  
Matsuyoshi Ogawa ◽  
Yoshinobu Ishiwata ◽  
Naomi Kobayashi ◽  
Ayako Shishikura-Hino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Distal Femur ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Skeletal Site ◽  
The Difference

Summary Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the normal distribution of sodium fluoride-18 (NaF-18) and to clarify the differences in uptake according to location and the type of the bone using positron emission tomography (PET) / computed tomography (CT). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed NaF-18 PET/CT images from 30 patients with hip joint disorders. PET/CT scans were performed 40 min after injection of approximately 185 MBq of NaF-18. To evaluate the relationship between the distribution of NaF-18 uptake and bone density, we compared the maximum standardised uptake values (SUVmax) on PET and the Hounsfield Units (HUs) on CT of the lumbar vertebra, ilium, and proximal and distal femurs. Regions of interests were defined both outside and inside the cortical bone to measure whole bone and cancellous bone only, respectively. Results: The distribution of NaF-18 differed according to the skeletal site. The lumbar vertebra showed the highest SUVmax for both whole bone and cancellous bone, followed by the ilium, proximal femur, and distal femur. The bones differed significantly in SUVmax. The distal femur showed the highest HU, followed by the proximal femur, ilium, and vertebra. Profile curve analyses demonstrated that the cancellous bones showed higher SUVmax and lower HU than the cortical bones. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the difference in NaF-18 uptake between cancellous and cortical bones, which may explain differences in uptake by location. NaF-18 uptake does not appear to be strongly correlated with bone density, but rather with bone turnover and blood flow.

scholarly journals Serum Concentrations of Cross-Linked N-Telopeptides of Type I Collagen: New Marker for Bone Resorption in Hemodialysis Patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 2312-2317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshifumi Maeno ◽  
Masaaki Inaba ◽  
Senji Okuno ◽  
Tomoyuki Yamakawa ◽  
Eiji Ishimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Bone Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bone Resorption Marker ◽  
Type I ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Intact Osteocalcin ◽  
Bone Formation Markers

Abstract Background: Urinary cross-linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX) is a reliable bone resorption marker in patients with metabolic bone disease. We assessed a clinically available serum NTX assay suitable for anuric patients on hemodialysis (HD). Methods: Serum concentrations of NTX, C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX), pyridinoline (PYD), and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) were determined as bone resorption markers, and those of bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and intact osteocalcin (OC) as bone formation markers, in 113 male HD patients (mean age, 59.3 years; mean HD duration, 67.7 months). Each patient’s bone mineral density (BMD) in the distal third of the radius was measured twice, with a 2-year interval between measurements, by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Results: Serum NTX correlated significantly with β-CTX, PYD, DPD, BAP, and intact OC. NTX, as well as β-CTX, PYD, DPD, BAP, and intact OC, correlated significantly with BMD at the time of measurement. NTX, β-CTX, and DPD correlated significantly with the annual change in BMD during the 2-year period thereafter, in contrast to PYD, BAP, and intact OC. Patients in the highest quartile of serum NTX concentrations showed the fastest rate of bone loss. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting rapid bone loss were 48% and 83%, respectively, for serum NTX. Conclusion: Serum NTX may provide a clinically relevant serum assay to estimate bone turnover in HD patients.

scholarly journals Inhibition of bone turnover by milk intake in postmenopausal women

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 866-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Bonjour ◽  
Marion Brandolini-Bunlon ◽  
Yves Boirie ◽  
Françoise Morel-Laporte ◽  
Véronique Braesco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type I Procollagen ◽  
Prevention Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Skimmed Milk

Increased postmenopausal bone turnover leads to bone loss and fragility fracture risk. In the absence of osteoporosis, risk preventive measures, particularly those modifying nutritional lifestyle, are appropriate. We tested the hypothesis that milk supplementation affects bone turnover related to biochemical markers in a direction that, in the long term, may be expected to reduce postmenopausal bone loss. Thirty healthy postmenopausal women aged 59·3 (sd3·3) years were enrolled in a prospective crossover trial of 16 weeks. After a 4-week period of adaptation with diet providing 600 mg calcium plus 300 mg ingested as 250 ml semi-skimmed milk, participants were maintained during 6 weeks under the same 600 mg calcium diet and randomized to receive either 500 ml semi-skimmed milk, thus providing a total of 1200 mg calcium, or no milk supplement. In the next 6 weeks they were switched to the alternative regimen. At the end of the each period, i.e. after 4, 10 and 16 weeks, blood and urinary samples were collected. The changes in blood variables between the periods of 6 weeks without and with milk supplementation were: for parathyroid hormone, − 3·2 pg/ml (P = 0·0054); for crosslinked telopeptide of type I collagen, − 624 pg/ml (P < 0·0001); for propeptide of type I procollagen, − 5·5 ng/ml (P = 0·0092); for osteocalcin, − 2·8 ng/ml (P = 0·0014). In conclusion, a 6-week period of milk supplementation induced a decrease in several biochemical variables compatible with diminished bone turnover mediated by reduction in parathyroid hormone secretion. This nutritional approach to postmenopausal alteration in bone metabolism may be a valuable measure in the primary prevention of osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Temperature-Responsive Gelation of Type I Collagen Solutions Involving Fibril Formation and Genipin Crosslinking as a Potential Injectable Hydrogel

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunji Yunoki ◽  
Yoshimi Ohyabu ◽  
Hirosuke Hatayama
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Fibril Formation ◽  
Type I ◽  
Temperature Responsive ◽  
Moderate Change ◽  
Living Tissues ◽  
Cell Carriers ◽  
Temperature Responses ◽  
Gel System

We investigated the temperature-responsive gelation of collagen/genipin solutions using pepsin-solubilized collagen (PSC) and acid-solubilized collagen (ASC) as substrates. Gelation occurred in the PSC/genipin solutions at genipin concentrations 0–2 mM under moderate change in temperature from 25 to 37°C. The PSC/genipin solutions exhibited fluidity at room temperature for at least 30 min, whereas the ASC/genipin solutions rapidly reached gel points. In specific cases PSC would be preferred over ASC as an injectable gel system. The temperature-responsive gelation of PSC/genipin solutions was due to temperature responses to genipin crosslinking and collagen fibril formation. The elastic modulus of the 0.5% PSC/genipin gel system could be adjusted in a range of 2.5 to 50 kPa by the PSC and genipin concentrations, suggesting that a PSC/genipin solution is a potential injectable gel system for drug and cell carriers, with mechanical properties matching those of living tissues.

scholarly journals The Effect of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist on Type I Collagen C-Telopeptide and N-Telopeptide: the Predictive Value of Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest A. Amama ◽  
Michiyoshi Taga ◽  
Hiroshi Minaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
Bone Resorption Markers ◽  
Bone Formation Markers ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
The Mean

To evaluate the clinical utility of recently developed biochemical markers in the assessment of bone metabolism during GnRH agonist (GnRHa) treatment, we compared five bone resorption markers[ C-telopeptide (CTX) and N-telopeptide (NTX) of type I collagen, hydroxyproline (Hpr), pyridinoline (Pyr), and deoxypyridinoline (Dpyr)] and two bone formation markers [total alkaline phosphatase (Alp) and osteocalcin (OC)]. Sixty-eight normally menstruating women were injected with a long-acting GnRHa once a month for 24 weeks for the treatment of endometriosis or leiomyoma. The mean percentage bone loss at the lumbar spine was 3.79% at the end of treatment. Although levels of all markers increased significantly as the treatment progressed, CTX and NTX exhibited the highest correlation coefficients between bone loss at 24 weeks and the seven markers measured at 0, 4, 12, 16, and 24 weeks of treatment. Serum estradiol levels were similarly suppressed during the treatment in both fast losers (whose bone loss was more than the mean) and slow losers (whose bone loss was less than the mean). However, significantly higher z-scores of bone resorption markers, but not of bone formation markers, were observed in the fast losers at 24 weeks of treatment, suggesting a more accelerated bone resorption in this group. Whereas the three highest z-scores at 24 weeks of treatment were CTX, NTX, and Dpyr (in that order), the highest z-score (P &lt; 0.05) was observed for CTX in the fast losers. The subjects in the highest quartile of CTX, the highest, and second highest quartiles of NTX at 24 weeks of treatment experienced 2.1, 2.2, and 1.7 times more bone loss (P &lt; 0.001), respectively, than those in the lowest quartiles. Furthermore, the subjects in the highest quartile of both CTX and NTX experienced 3.6 times more bone loss (P &lt; 0.001) than those in the lowest quartile of both markers. These results indicate that both CTX and NTX are useful and sensitive markers for bone resorption in a hypoestrogenic state induced by GnRHa.

scholarly journals Postmenopausal Iron Overload Exacerbated Bone Loss by Promoting the Degradation of Type I Collagen

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Cheng ◽  
Xiaofei Zhang ◽  
Jun Jiang ◽  
Guoyang Zhao ◽  
Yin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Normal Bone

117 postmenopausal women were divided into Normal, Bone loss (BL), and Osteoporosis group. Compared with Normal group (120.96 ± 43.18 μg/L), the serum ferritin (Fer) in BL (223.37 ± 130.27 μg/L) and Osteoporosis group (307.50 ± 161.48 μg/L) was significantly increased (p < 0.05). Fer level was negatively correlated with BMD (p < 0.01). TRACP levels in Osteoporosis group (4.37 ± 1.69 U/L) were significantly higher than Normal group (4.10 ± 1.60 U/L, p < 0.05). ALP levels in Osteoporosis group (112.06 ± 62.05 U/L) were significantly upregulated compared with Normal group (80.22 ± 14.94 U/L, p < 0.05). β-CTX and PINP were the degradation products of type I collagen. β-CTX levels in Osteoporosis group (667.90 ± 316.55 ng/L) were significantly increased compared with Normal group (406.06 ± 112.12 ng/L, p < 0.05). PINP levels in Osteoporosis group (78.03 ± 37.31 μg/L) were significantly higher than Normal group (37.60 ± 13.17 μg/L, p < 0.01). More importantly, there was a positive correlation between serum Fer and PINP (p < 0.01). Serum Fer showed a positive correlation of serum β-CTX (p < 0.01). The overloaded iron improved the degradation of type I collagen.

scholarly journals Bone turnover markers to assess jawbone quality prior to dental implant treatment: a case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Yasuda ◽  
Shinsuke Okada ◽  
Yohei Okazaki ◽  
Kyou Hiasa ◽  
Kazuhiro Tsuga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Bone Turnover Markers ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
Turnover Markers ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Bone quality is as important as bone mineral density in terms of bone strength. Bone turnover markers (BTMs) are clinical indicators of bone quality. In implant dentistry, bone quality is considered equivalent to bone density on radiographic assessments. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the BTM values are reflected in jawbone condition by evaluating the relationship at baseline and during follow-up in patients with prosthodontic implants. Computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained and BTM (osteocalcin, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, pyridinoline cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen, and crosslinked N-telopeptide of type I collagen) levels in blood samples were measured in partially edentulous eighteen patients before implant surgery. During the follow-up observation after implant surgery, marginal bone loss (MBL) was measured on dental radiography. We investigated the relationship between the presence of BTM abnormalities and radiographic bone density. Results More women than men had abnormal BTM values. Bone turnover was accelerated in the group of women with abnormal BTM values. The density of cancellous bone at the implant placement site was significantly lower in the patients with abnormally high BTM values than in their counterparts with BTM values in the normal range. Conclusions Female patients who undergo implant treatments may have reduced bone quality; evaluations of bone strength will require assessments of both BTMs and the density of cancellous bone.

scholarly journals The Ginsenoside Exhibits Antiosteoporosis Effects in Ketogenic-Diet-Induced Osteoporosis via Rebalancing Bone Turnover

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Liu ◽  
Jian Zhou ◽  
Zhou Yang ◽  
Chuhai Xie ◽  
Yan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Cathepsin K ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Bone Volume Fraction ◽  
Ppar Γ ◽  
Ginsenoside Rb2

Ginsenoside is widely used in China for therapeutic and healthcare practice. Ginsenoside-Rb2 shows the antiosteoporosis effects in ovariectomized rodents. However, the protective effects on osteoporosis induced by ketogenic diet (KD) remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the effects of ginsenoside-Rb2 on KD-induced osteoporosis. Thirty mice were randomly divided into three groups: sham, KD, and KD + Rb2. Bone microstructures, biomechanical properties, concentrations of serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP), and protein expression of osteocalcin (OCN), peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ), cathepsin K, and TRAP were evaluated after a 12-week intervention. The results show that KD induced significant bone loss and biomechanical impairment. Ginsenoside-Rb2 attenuated significant bone loss and maintained biomechanics in cancellous bone. The bone volume fraction increased from 2.3 to 6.0% in the KD + Rb2 group than that in the KD group. Meanwhile, ginsenoside-Rb2 effectively maintained biomechanical strengths in cancellous bone, increased serum BALP and decreased TRACP, and upregulated OCN and downregulated TRAP, PPAR-γ, and cathepsin K in the KD mice. This study demonstrated that ginsenoside-Rb2 retards bone loss and maintains biomechanics with KD. The underlying mechanism might be that ginsenoside-Rb2 inhibits bone resorption process and induces osteogenic differentiation, providing evidence for ginsenoside as being an alternative option for osteoporosis induced by KD.

Skeletal disorders—general approach and clinical conditions

2010 ◽  
pp. 3719-3770
Author(s):  
R. Smith ◽  
B.P. Wordsworth
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
Bone Modelling ◽  
Skeletal Disorders ◽  
Mineralized Matrix ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Annual Turnover

Bone is made up of (1) cells—osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and ostoecytes; and (2) extracellular mineralized matrix—roughly one-third organic (90% type I collagen) and two-thirds inorganic (mainly hydroxyapatite). Bone modelling occurs during growth and remodelling throughout life due to the constant processes of osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic bone formation, which are closely linked and regulated within bone multicellular units. In the adult, the replacement of old bone with new occurs at an annual turnover rate of 25% in cancellous bone, and 2 to 3% in cortical bone....

Serum levels of C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen: a useful new marker of cortical bone loss in hemodialysis patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senji Okuno ◽  
Masaaki Inaba ◽  
Kayoko Kitatani ◽  
Eiji Ishimura ◽  
Tomoyuki Yamakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cortical Bone Loss
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