Vitamin D deficiency nutritional rickets presenting to secondary care in children (<16 Years) - A United Kingdom surveillance study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Shaw ◽  
Zulf Mughal ◽  
Priscilla Julies ◽  
Karina Pall ◽  
Richard Lynn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Secondary Care ◽  
Surveillance Study ◽  
Nutritional Rickets

scholarly journals Rickets in Children: An Update

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 738
Author(s):  
Cristina Gentile ◽  
Francesco Chiarelli
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Nutritional Rickets ◽  
Laboratory Features ◽  
Radiologic Features

Rickets refers to a deficient mineralization of the growth plate cartilage, predominantly affecting longer bones. Despite the fact that preventive measures are available, it is still a common disease worldwide; nutritional rickets, due to vitamin D deficiency or dietary calcium inadequate intake, remains the most common form. Medical history, physical examination, radiologic features and biochemical tests are essential for diagnosis. Although recent studies suggest hypophosphatemia as the leading alteration, rickets is classically divided into two categories: calcipenic rickets and phosphopenic rickets. Knowledge of this categorization and of respective clinical and laboratory features is essential for rapid diagnosis and correct management. The aim of this review is to analyze the epidemiological, pathogenetic, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of the different forms of rickets, describing the novelties on this “long-lived” disease.

The Effects of Vitamin D Deficiency and Insufficiency on the Endocrine and Paracrine Systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia T. Alpert ◽  
Ulfat Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Paracrine Effects ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Nutritional Rickets ◽  
Disease States

Individuals are capable of producing vitamin D with proper exposure to sunlight. However, several factors can interfere with the effectiveness of this process. Most sunscreens filter out UVB light, thus inhibiting vitamin D production. Individuals with more darkly pigmented skin have greater difficulty producing vitamin D because melanin acts as an effective natural sunscreen, requiring longer sun exposure to produce an adequate daily allotment of vitamin D. Additionally, solely breastfed infants whose mothers suffered from vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency when pregnant have smaller reserves of the nutrient and are at greater risk of developing nutritional rickets. Vitamin D deficiency leads to rickets, osteomalacia, and osteoporosis. Long-term vitamin D insufficiency can lead to paracrine effects such as type 1 diabetes, cancer, and multiple sclerosis. This article reviews the current literature on vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency and their relation to different disease states. Potential areas for research are discussed.

The Spectrum of Vitamin D Deficiency: Description of a Family

2017 ◽  
Vol 125 (07) ◽  
pp. 478-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Vierucci ◽  
Marta Del Pistoia ◽  
Emioli Randazzo ◽  
Francesco Massart ◽  
Giovanni Federico
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Nutritional Rickets ◽  
Clinical Pictures ◽  
Global Health Problem

Abstract Background Vitamin D deficiency represents a global health problem, affecting children and adolescents worldwide. Objects To confirm that vitamin D deficiency can present as a spectrum of clinical pictures. Methods We diagnosed nutritional rickets in a 10-month-old infant of Senegal origin with several risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. As many of these factors affected also his cohabitant relatives, we evaluate infant’s family members (mother and 4 brothers) looking for other vitamin D deficiency-related comorbidities. Results 3 brothers had asymptomatic vitamin D deficiency and 2 of them (9.8 and 13.4 years-old) showed secondary hyperparathyroidism. The fourth brother (11.3 years-old) had nutritional rickets. Their mother was affected by osteomalacia. None of them received vitamin D supplementation. Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency may present as a spectrum of clinical pictures, representing a continuum ranging from asymptomatic/subtle conditions to overt rickets/osteomalacia. Immigrant families are at high risk for vitamin D deficiency at every age. If a case of symptomatic vitamin D deficiency is recognized, then the evaluation of the all family members is recommended, as they can have the same and/or other risk factors for vitamin D deficiency.

scholarly journals Social dilemma and vitamin D deficiency: a cross-sectional study of nutritional rickets in children ages 6 months to 24 months

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1367
Author(s):  
Sajid S. ◽  
Irfan Khan ◽  
Khalid K. ◽  
Khalil A. ◽  
Zahid I. Marwat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Social Dilemma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Rickets ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Sun Light

Background: In developing countries, malnutrition's is one of the challenges that still need to be addressed. Undernutrition is usually a result of the unavailability of food and/or repeated infections in children. Countries with comparatively lower per-capita incomes as well as those with middle per-capita income have its increased prevalence in younger age. Social dilemma of mothers, like exclusively breastfeeding, heavy clothing’s and practice of keeping babies inside the doors, lead vitamin D deficiency and ultimately into nutritional rickets. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of factors leading to nutritional rickets in children ages 6 months to 24 months.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Pediatrics, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan from March to December 2017. After inclusion/exclusion criteria, total 160 patients of rickets were observed. Detailed history followed by vitamin D level (<15 ng/ml) was measure. Data was analyzed by SPSS-22 and all documents were locked with principal author.Results: Present study showed that 62% children were in age ranged 6-12 months and 38% children were in age range 13-24 months. Mean age was 12 months with SD±2.16. Seventy nine percent children were male, and 21% children were females. More over 52% children had exclusive breast feeding, and 48% children did not have exclusive breast feeding. Similarly, 15% children had limited sun-light exposure and 85% children did not have limited sun-light exposure.Conclusions: Present study concluded that a lack of health education and sunlight exposure and exclusive breastfeeding were the significant risk factors contributed to nutritional rickets among children of Abbottabad, Pakistan.

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