A monthly cycle in the adrenocortical function during third trimester pregnancy

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 617-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per O. Paaby ◽  
Aage Nielsen ◽  
Kjeld Raffn
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Adrenocortical Function ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Semiparametric Method ◽  
Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnant State ◽  
Physiological Background ◽  
Monthly Cycle

Abstract. Eleven healthy women were examined three times a week during the third trimester. The possibility of monthly cyclical changes in the serum concentrations of cortisol, placental hCG and fetoplacental estradiol was tested because of previous findings of highly significant monthly cycles in aldosterone and progesterone. A semi-parametric statistical model was used and a highly significant monthly cycle in serum cortisol was found, whereas the amplitude for a cycle in hCG was barely significant and non-significant for estradiol. The previous findings of monthly cycles in aldosterone and progesterone, using a parametric multivariate model, were retested by the semiparametric method employed for the present publication. The findings of highly significant cycles in aldosterone and progesterone were corroborated. We think that the results indicate the existence of an adrenocortical cycle. We think that the monthly ovarian cycle in the non-pregnant state is paralleled by an adrenocortical cycle, where changes in aldosterone are "linked" with changes in progesterone and changes in cortisol with changes in estrogens. During pregnancy the adrenocortical cycle persists, probably controlled by the maternal hypothalamus. The physiological background for this monthly endocrine cycle during pregnancy is enigmatic.

Clinical-sonographical and dopplerometric criteria of determining the obstetrician's tactics in cases of the umbilical cord entanglement of the fetal body

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
U. R. Khamadyanov ◽  
V. I. Ivakhah
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
The Body ◽  
Complex Method ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
Umbilical Cord Entanglement

The complex method of antenatal diagnostics of the cord entanglement round the body of the fetus is elaborated. It includes echography, color Doppler mapping, dopplerometry and actocardiography. On the basis of the data received the system of prognosing and estimating the severity of feta l hypoxia in the end of the third trimester pregnancy is suggested, that allows to choose the correct tactics of pregnancy and delivery management in different rates ofcord entanglement. The use o f this method made it possible to rise the effectiveness of antenatal diagnostics of this gestational complication from 23,5% to 79,4%, to decrease the frequency of postnatal asphyxia to 46,1% and, therefore, to avoid intra- and postnatal loss.

scholarly journals Therapeutic levetiracetam monitoring during pregnancy: “mind the gap”

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204062231985165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Berlin ◽  
Dana Barchel ◽  
Revital Gandelman-Marton ◽  
Nurit Brandriss ◽  
Ilan Blatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Range ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Antiepileptic Medication ◽  
Apparent Clearance ◽  
Neurological Conditions

Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological conditions and its treatment during pregnancy is challenging. Levetiracetam (LEV) is an antiepileptic medication frequently used during pregnancy. Only a few small studies have been published on LEV monitoring during pregnancy, demonstrating decreased serum LEV levels during the first and second trimester; however, the most significant decrease was observed during the third trimester of pregnancy. In this study we aimed to evaluate LEV pharmacokinetics during different stages of pregnancy. Methods: We followed up and monitored serum levels of pregnant women treated with LEV for epilepsy. Results: Fifty-nine women with 66 pregnancies during the study period were included. The lowest raw LEV serum concentrations were observed during the first trimester. Compared with the pre-pregnancy period, raw serum concentration was lower by 5.76 mg/L [95% confidence interval (CI) (2.78, 8.75), p = 0.039] during the first trimester. Comparing the decrease in the first trimester with either the second or the third, no significant changes were observed ( p = 0.945, p = 0.866). Compared with pre-pregnancy measurements, apparent clearance was increased by 71.08 L/day [95%CI (16.34, 125.83), p = 0.011] during the first trimester. About 30% of LEV serum levels during pregnancy were below the laboratory quoted reference range. Conclusions: Raw LEV serum levels tend to decrease during pregnancy, mainly during the first trimester contrary to previous reports. Monitoring of LEV serum levels is essential upon planning pregnancy and thereafter if pre-pregnancy LEV levels are to be maintained. However, more studies are needed to assess the correlation with clinical outcome.

scholarly journals SPONTANEOUS PLATELET AGGREGATION IN THIRD TRIMESTER PREGNANCY AT ADAM MALIK HOSPITAL, MEDAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Rezqi Maulani Jusuf ◽  
Hotma Partogi Pasaribu ◽  
Herman Hariman
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Spontaneous Platelet Aggregation

              Spontaneous Platelet Aggregation (SPA) is a condition when spontaneously platelet aggregate in plasma left in a tube at room temperature for 2-3 hours without adding any agonists. It is not entirely sure why this phenomenon happens. Pregnant females have a more tendency of hypercoagulability. Nevertheless, SPA demonstrates hyper aggregation of platelet and not the coagulation pathway. So far, there is no report regarding this phenomenon in pregnant females. This study aimed to find out whether pregnant females, especially in the third-trimester of the pregnancy, had the tendency of SPA. This cross-sectional study was established in the Department of Clinical Pathology and Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, Adam Malik General Hospital in Medan between January–March 2016. Twenty-six females were included. Ultrasonography (USG) was used to know the age of pregnancy. From 26 females in this study, 10 were pregnant females in the third-trimester of pregnancy while 16 others were normal non-pregnant females as controls, with a mean age of 29.2±2.78 years old and 36.5±4.63 years old. There were significant differences between platelet aggregation using ADP agonist in pregnant females and controls (p <0.01). In the median Tmax 10%, there were no significant differences between platelet aggregation without ADP agonist in pregnant females and controls after 3 hours (p >0.05). Hyper aggregation and hypercoagulability in the third-trimester pregnancy tend to develop SPA. Even though there are only mild signs and symptoms, it can be an arising risk of thrombus.

scholarly journals Gambaran Kadar Protein Urin pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III di Rumah Sakit Robert Wolter Mongisidi Manado

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo P. Pangulimang ◽  
Stefana H. M. Kaligis ◽  
Michaela E. Paruntu
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Urine Protein ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Third ◽  
Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract: One of the causes of death among pregnant women is preeclampsia/eclampsia. The presence of protein in urine (proteinuria) in pregnant women is one of the signs of preeclampsia/eclampsia. This study was aimed to obtain the description of urine protein level in third trimester pregnant women at Robert Wolter Mongisidi Hospital Manado. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. This study was conducted from August to December 2018 at Obstetry Clinic Robert Wolter Mongisidi Hospital. Samples were obtained by using total sampling technique. There were 39 subjects in this study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that 30 subjects (76.93%) had no proteinuria (negative result) and 9 subjects (23.07%) had proteinuria (positive result). Conclusion: Most of the third trimester pregnant women at Robert Wolter Mongisidi Hospital Manado had no proteinuria (negative result).Keywords: proteinuria, pregnant woment, third trimester pregnancy Abstrak: Salah satu penyebab kematian pada ibu hamil ialah preeklamsia/eklamsia. Kehadiran protein dalam urin (proteinuria) pada ibu hamil merupakan salah satu tanda dari preeklamsia/eklamsia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar protein dalam urin ibu hamil trimester III di Rumah Sakit Robert Wolter Mongisidi. Jenis penelitian ialah dekriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Agustus-Desember 2016 di Poli Kebidanan Rumah Sakit Robert Wolter Mongisidi Manado. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode total sampling. Terdapat subyek penelitian sebanyak 39 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 30 subjek (76,93%) dengan protein dalam urin negatif dan 9 subjek (23,07%) dengan protein positif. Simpulan: Pada sebagian besar ibu hamil trimester III di Rumah Sakit Robert Wolter Mongisidi Manado tidak didapatkan protein dalam urin.Kata kunci: proteinuria, ibu hamil, hamil trimester III

scholarly journals sFlt-1, Not PlGF, Is Related to Twin Gestation Choronicity in the First and Third Trimesters of Pregnancy

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1181
Author(s):  
Szymon Kozłowski ◽  
Anna Stelmaszczyk-Emmel ◽  
Iwona Szymusik ◽  
Aleksandra Saletra-Bielińska ◽  
Robert Brawura-Biskupski-Samaha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Twin Pregnancy ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Placental Growth Factor ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Monochorionic Twin ◽  
The Third ◽  
Angiogenic Biomarkers ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

Background: Preeclampsia occurs more often in dichorionic than in monochorionic twin pregnancy. We hypothesize that serum concentrations of biomarkers: placental growth factor (PlGF), serum soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), and endoglin (Eng) differ between monochorionic and dichorionic twin pregnancies. Methods: A prospective observational study including 43 monochorionic and 36 dichorionic twin gestation was conducted. Blood samples were collected twice from all participants: between 11 + 0 and 13 + 6 and between 32 + 0 and 34 + 0 weeks of gestation. PlGF, sFlt-1 and Eng were measured using immnunoenzymatic assays. Results: We found a significantly higher concentration of sFlt-1 in dichorionic in comparison to monochorionic pregnancies in both the first and third trimesters. PlGF and sEng levels did not differ between mono- and dichorionic gestation in both study periods. sFlt-1 level was related to twin gestation chorionicity, while PlGF expression was not. PlGF, sFlt-1 and sEng concentrations increased significantly during gestation and were much higher in the third trimester compared to the values measured in the first trimester. Conclusions: Angiogenic biomarkers expression differ between dichorionic and monochorionic twin pregnancy. The sFlt-1 level is related to chorionicity of a twin gestation.

Variability in unconjugated and total estriol in serum during normal third trimester pregnancy.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 1800-1803 ◽  
Author(s):  
L L Penney ◽  
W J Klenke
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Unconjugated Estriol

Abstract We determined unconjugated and total estriol concentrations in serum during the third trimester in 34 normal gestations. Data were obtained weekly for 13 women for as long as nine weeks; 21 others were studied daily for up to 15 days. No correlation between birth weight and either estriol fraction was demonstrated. Between-patient variability was less for unconjugated estriol and was similar for weekly and daily data. Within-patient variability was also less for unconjugated estriol and, as expected, was less for daily than for weekly data. The CV for daily samples, within patient, averaged 13.0% for unconjugated estriol and 20.3% for total estriol. Our data support the daily determination of unconjugated estriol in serum, evaluated for percent changes from single or mean preceding values, as the preferred method of monitoring estriol during pregnancy.

Serum levels of spexin are increased in the third trimester pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1050-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Akbas ◽  
Faik Mumtaz Koyuncu ◽  
Tulay Oludag Mete ◽  
Fatma Taneli ◽  
Habib Ozdemir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Trimester Pregnancy

scholarly journals Aortic dissection in the third trimester pregnancy without risk factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 723-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsu-Dong Sun ◽  
Sheng-Mou Hsiao ◽  
Szu-Ting Yang ◽  
Nai-Ming Cheng ◽  
Peng-Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Aortic Dissection ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Trimester Pregnancy
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