The effect of subcutaneous infusion versus subcutaneous injections of a somatostatin analogue (SMS 201-995) on the diurnal GH profile in acromegaly

1987 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Timsit ◽  
Philippe Chanson ◽  
Etienne Larger ◽  
Michèle Duet ◽  
Arlette Mosse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatostatin Analogue ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Subcutaneous Infusion ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Term Trial ◽  
Diurnal Profile ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Plasma Gh

Abstract. Multiple sc injections of a long-acting somatostatin analogue (SMS 201-995) are currently used in the treatment of acromegaly. However, plasma GH concentration often reaches a pathological level (> 5 μg/l) between two injections. In seven patients with active acromegaly we compared, in a short-term trial, the effect of SMS 201-995 administered by continuous sc infusion (50 μg and 100 μg a day) and by three scinjections (100 μg each). In six patients, plasma GH levels were significantly reduced regardless of the mode and dose of treatment (P < 0.05). However, comparing diurnal profiles, 100 μg continuous sc infusion was more effective than discontinuous administration in reducing the number of GH levels above 5 μg/l (P < 0.01). In two patients, continuous infusion was the only way to decrease all plasma GH values below 5 μg/l during the diurnal profile determination. Moreover, even when, in a long-term study, the dose of multiple injections was progressively increased to 500 μg three times a day, GH levels remained consistently elevated in one of these patients. Thus, in some acromegalic patients continuous sc injection seems currently the most efficient way of treatment with SMS 201-995.

scholarly journals Why Nicorandil is not Considered to be the First-line Antianginal Drug

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 25-47
Author(s):  
S. N. Bel'diev ◽  
◽  
E. V. Andreeva ◽  
E. I. Berezina ◽  
I. V. Egorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Concomitant Treatment ◽  
First Line ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Trial ◽  
Antianginal Drugs ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Antianginal Efficacy

According to the results of several short-term randomized controlled trials (RCTs), nicorandil is not inferior in its antianginal efficacy to beta-blockers (BB), calcium channel blockers (CCB) and long-acting nitrates (LAN). At the same time, in some short-term RCTs, as well as in the long-term RCT IONA (2002), it was shown that antianginal efficacy of nicorandil as monotherapy or in combination with other antianginal drugs did not differ from placebo. Ability of nicorandil to reduce the risk of adverse cardiovascular events, demonstrated in the RCT IONA, requires confirmation in a long-term trial with a stronger primary endpoint and concomitant treatment that would meet the current guidelines for the management of patients with chronic coronary syndromes. In this regard, and also taking into account the proven ability of nicorandil to cause gastrointestinal ulcerations, European experts currently consider nicorandil as a drug that is inferior in priority of choice to the first-line antianginal drugs (BB, CCB) and, in some cases, to the second-line drugs (LAN, ivabradine, ranolazine, trimetazidine).

Effective Therapy of Insulinoma by Using Long-Acting Somatostatin Analogue. A Case Report and Literature Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 120 (02) ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jawiarczyk ◽  
M. Bolanowski ◽  
J. Syrycka ◽  
G. Bednarek-Tupikowska ◽  
M. Kałużny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Somatostatin Receptors ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor ◽  
Somatostatin Analogue ◽  
Left Adrenal Gland ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
The Right

AbstractWe are reporting a case of 68-year-old woman with insulinoma, after a non-successful tumor surgery and a long-term diazoxide treatment. She had a lot of hypoglycemia cases, and a weight gain of 50 kg. An abdominal CT scan demonstrated a tumor 28 mm in the diameter, in the head of the pancreas. The patient did not agree for the repeated insulinoma surgery. Furthermore, we found a lesion in the left adrenal gland (14 mm in the diameter) and in the right lung (8 mm in the diameter). Pheochromocytoma was diagnosed on the basis of hypertension, elevated levels of normetanephrine in the 24-h urine collection, and an elevated level of norepinephrine in a plasma sample. After the left adrenal gland removal we observed lower blood pressure. Since we had revealed the presence of somatostatin receptors by the somatostatin receptors scintigraphy, we decided to control hypoglycemia by a monthly subcutaneous administration of the long-acting lanreotide. Because of higher glucose levels (300–400 mg/dl) we started an intense insulin therapy. Nowadays, the patient feels better, she has lost 20 kg of her body weight, and we have observed normal blood glucose levels during the long-term lanreotide treatment. We have noticed neither side effects nor hypoglycemic episodes and we have reduced the dose of insulin. The presented case can be an evidence of the effective treatment of the pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor of insulinoma type, with somatostatin analogue.

Hematologic and Bone Marrow Changes after Short- and Long-term Administration of Two Recombinant Bovine Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factors

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 521-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Cullor ◽  
W. Smith ◽  
J. G. Zinkl ◽  
J. D. Dellinger ◽  
T. Boone
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factors ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Short Term Study ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
A Cell

Colony-stimulating factors are a category of glycoproteins that are instrumental in the regulation of hematopoiesis and inflammation. This investigation documented the clinical bone marrow and peripheral blood responses to short-term and long-term administration of a recombinant bovine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rb-GCSF) and an analog, where the cysteine at position 17 was substituted with a serine (rb-GCSF ser17). The colony-stimulating factors produced the expected changes in the hematologic findings of the bovine subjects in the study, and there was a cell-specific response to the compounds. The sustained neutrophilia in the long-term study indicates that the bovine species can tolerate the administration of recombinant forms of bovine GCSF for extended periods of time without detectable adverse side effects. The neutrophils from the short-term study revealed no apparent fluctuation, either as enhanced or reduced capability to reduce nitro blue tetrazolium as compared to pretreatment neutrophils. The administration of both recombinant forms of GCSF produced large increases in the bone marrow myeloid: erythroid (M:E) ratio concomitantly with the neutrophilias. This is the first preliminary report documenting the bone marrow response of cattle to the native and recombinant (rb-GCSF ser17) forms of bovine GCSF.

scholarly journals Smoking cessation in severe mental illness: combined long-term quit rates from the UK SCIMITAR trials programme

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Gilbody ◽  
Emily Peckham ◽  
Della Bailey ◽  
Catherine Arundel ◽  
Paul Heron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cessation Intervention ◽  
Term Trial ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Full Trial

Summary Smoking contributes to health inequalities for people with severe mental illness (SMI). Although smoking cessation interventions are effective in the short term, there are few long-term trial-based estimates of abstinence. The SCIMITAR trials programme includes the largest trial to date of a smoking cessation intervention for people with SMI, but this was underpowered to detect anticipated long-term quit rates. By pooling pilot and full-trial data we found that quit rates were maintained at 12 months (OR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.02–2.73, P = 0.04). Policymakers can now be confident that bespoke smoking cessation interventions produce successful short- and long-term quitting.

scholarly journals 14 Long-term Efficacy of Brexpiprazole in Patients with Schizophrenia with Clinically Relevant Levels of Negative Symptoms

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-180
Author(s):  
Catherine Weiss ◽  
Peter Zhang ◽  
Ross A Baker ◽  
Mary Hobart ◽  
Nanco Hefting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Extension Study ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Open Label Extension ◽  
Post Hoc

AbstractBackgroundEffective treatments for patients with high levels of negative symptoms of schizophrenia are lacking. Brexpiprazole is a serotonin–dopamine activity modulator that is a partial agonist at 5-HT1A and dopamine D2 receptors, and an antagonist at 5-HT2A and noradrenaline alpha1B/2C receptors, all with subnanomolar potency. Long-term treatment with brexpiprazole demonstrated broad efficacy across all five Marder factor groupings, including positive, negative, disorganized thoughts, uncontrolled hostility/excitement, and anxiety/depression. This post-hoc analysis of long-term effects of brexpiprazole in patients with clinically relevant levels of negative symptoms of schizophrenia is based on data from two similarly designed short-term, placebo-controlled studies (Vector; NCT01396421 or Beacon; NCT01393613) for the brexpiprazole-treated patients who continued into an open-label extension study (Zenith; NCT01397786).MethodsIn the short-term studies, patients with acute schizophrenia were randomly assigned to fixed once-daily doses of brexpiprazole 0.25mg (Vector), 1mg (Beacon), 2mg , 4mg or placebo for 6weeks. The long-term study was an open-label, 52-week (amended to 26weeks), safety extension study with flexible-dose (1–4mg/day) brexpiprazole. The post-hoc analyses were performed on brexpiprazole-treated patients from the short-term studies who continued into the long-term study, and who had clinically relevant negative symptoms, defined as PANSS Factor Score for Negative Symptoms (PANSS-FSNS; N1, N2, N3, N4, G7, G16) of ≥24, and score of ≥4 on at least two of three core negative symptom PANSS items at randomization in the parent study. The outcome of the analysis included change from baseline to up to 58weeks in PANSS-FSNS, PANSS Total, and PSP. Safety was also assessed.ResultsA total of 187 patients with clinically relevant levels of negative symptoms in the parent study rolled-over into the open-label extension study and were available for analysis. Eighty-three of these patients remained in the studies for 58weeks. Due to the study amendment, not all patients had the opportunity of complete 52weeks of open-label treatment. Baseline PANSS Total score was 104.4, while baseline PANSS-FSNS was 27.6 and baseline PSP Total score was 41.3. Mean change (SD) from baseline in PANSS-FSNS was –10.9 (5.0), and –44.2 (17.5) for PANSS Total score at Week 58. Change from baseline (SD) to Week 58 for PSP Total score was 24.8 (12.9) with improvement in all domains (socially useful activities, personal and social relationship, self-care, and disturbing and aggressive behaviors). The TEAEs reported ≥5% were schizophrenia (18.9%), insomnia (8.6%), weight increased (5.9%) and akathisia (5.9%).ConclusionThis post-hoc analysis suggests that brexpiprazole has long-term effectiveness on negative symptoms and functioning in patients with schizophrenia and clinically relevant levels of negative symptoms.Funding Acknowledgements: The study was funded by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization Inc. and H. Lundbeck A/S

scholarly journals Did the introduction and increased prescribing of antidepressants lead to changes in long-term trends of suicide rates?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Amendola ◽  
Martin Plöderl ◽  
Michael P Hengartner
Keyword(s):  
General Pattern ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Prescription Rates ◽  
Long Term Trends

Abstract Background Ecological studies have explored associations between suicide rates and antidepressant prescriptions in the population, but most of them are limited as they analyzed short-term correlations that may be spurious. The aim of this long-term study was to examine whether trends in suicide rates changed in three European countries when the first antidepressants were introduced in 1960 and when prescription rates increased steeply after 1990 with the introduction of the serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Methods Data were extracted from the WHO Mortality Database. Suicide rates were calculated for people aged 10–89 years from 1951–2015 for Italy, 1955–2016 for Austria and 1951–2013 for Switzerland. Trends in suicide rates stratified by gender were analyzed using joinpoint regression models. Results There was a general pattern of long-term trends that was broadly consistent across all three countries. Suicide rates were stable or decreasing during the 1950s and 1960s, they rose during the 1970s, peaked in the early 1980s and thereafter they declined. There were a few notable exceptions to these general trends. In Italian men, suicide rates increased until 1997, then fell sharply until 2006 and increased again from 2006 to 2015. In women from all three countries, there was an extended period during the 2000s when suicide rates were stable. No trend changes occurred around 1960 or 1990. Conclusions The introduction of antidepressants around 1960 and the sharp increase in prescriptions after 1990 with the introduction of the SSRIs did not coincide with trend changes in suicide rates in Italy, Austria or Switzerland.

Efficacy and safety of percutaneous administration of dihydrotestosterone in children of different genetic backgrounds with micropenis

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Xu ◽  
Liangsheng Lu ◽  
Li Xi ◽  
Ruoqian Cheng ◽  
Zhou Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Percutaneous Administration ◽  
Open Prospective Study

AbstractBackground:Exogenous androgen supplement is an optional treatment for micropenis; however, its use in childhood is controversial due to potential side effects.Methods:Twenty-three children (mean age: 4.07±3.4 years) with micropenis of unknown causes harboring the 46,XY karyotype were recruited in an open prospective study. Androgen receptor (Results:Two patients were found withConclusions:Short term and local application of DHT at low doses in patients with micropenis could accelerate penile growth effectively without evident side effects; however, precautions still need be taken due to the paucity of long term study and the lack of ideal DHT dosage.

Treatment with long acting repeatable bromocriptine (Parlodel-LAR*) in patients with macroprolactinomas: long-term study in 29 patients

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 472-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. Jamrozik ◽  
A. P. Bennet ◽  
A. James-Deidier ◽  
F. Tremollieres ◽  
F. Saint-Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Long Acting
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