Glycated plasma proteins in normal and diabetic mothers and their offsprings

1986 ◽  
Vol 113 (3_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S141-S144 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pollak ◽  
A. Lischka ◽  
W. Bartl ◽  
M. Langer ◽  
F. Waldhauser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Fetal Hemoglobin ◽  
Protein Glycation ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Screening Parameter ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Confidential Limit ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

Abstract. Glycated plasmaproteins (GPP) and glycated hemoglobin (G Hb) has been evaluated in 134 non-diabetics (ND), 299 women with potential abnormality of glucose tolerance (pot.AGT), 75 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 34 insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) during pregnancy or postpartum including 94 cord blood determinations. Mean HbAIC levels were significantly elevated in IDDM (6.6 ± 1.3% m ± sd) compared to ND (5.1 ± 0.7%; P < 0.01), but were similar for the other groups studied. Mean GPP were increased for the IDDM (0.58 ± 0.29 nmol 5–HMF/mg protein; m ± sd) and the IGT-group (0.53 ± 0.22) over ND (0.3 ± 0.13; P < 0.01) and the Pot.AGT group (0.37 ± 0.14; P < 0.01). 6% of the ND, 15% of the Pot AGT-, 52% of the IGT- and 62% of the IDDM group were found to have GPP values exceeding the 97% confidential limit of the ND. However, the large overlap of individual values from patients with different degrees of glucose intolerance with the normal range of pregnancy precludes the use of GPP as a screening parameter for IGT during pregnancy. A 30–35% reduction of fetal hemoglobin- and plasma protein glycation relative to maternal values was observed.

Relative Rates of Fetal Hemoglobin and Adult Hemoglobin Synthesis in Cord Blood of Infants of Insulin-Dependent Diabetic Mothers

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1143-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Bard ◽  
Janie Prosmanne
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Fetal Hemoglobin ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Hemoglobin Synthesis ◽  
Infants Of Diabetic Mothers ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Adult Hemoglobin ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetic ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

Erythrocytosis, extramedullary erythropoiesis, and increased levels of plasma erythropoietin have been observed in newborn infants of diabetic mothers. Because there is evidence that there is a relationship between increased fetal hemoglobin production and acute erythropoietic expansion, it was considered important to study the proportion of fetal hemoglobin and adult hemoglobin synthesis in newborn infants of insulin-dependent diabetic mothers. Samples from nine newborn infants of diabetic mothers as well as nine control infants, ranging from 36 to 38 weeks of gestation, were incubated in an amino acid mixture containing [14C]leucine. The adult hemoglobin and fetal hemoglobin were then separated by column chromatography on DEAE [O-(diethylaminoethyl)] Sephadex. To confirm that the fetal hemoglobin obtained after Sephadex chromatography was not contaminated with other hemoglobins, several of the DEAE separations from each group were reconstituted and subjected to polypeptide chain elution using carboxyl-methyl cellulose chromatography. The data demonstrated that the newborn infants of diabetic mothers are synthesizing significantly more fetal hemoglobin than is expected for their period of development (82.2 ± 3.6 v 72.8 ± 4.2; P &lt; .005). It is suggested that the in utero environment of the fetus of the diabetic mother causes an increase in fetal hemoglobin synthesis.

Ten-year prognosis of impaired glucose tolerance in siblings of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Rosenbloom ◽  
S. S. Hunt ◽  
E. K. Rosenbloom ◽  
N. K. Maclaren
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Dependent

Prevention of Congenital Malformations in Infants of Insulin-dependent Diabetic Mothers

Diabetes Care ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Fuhrmann ◽  
H. Reiher ◽  
K. Semmler ◽  
F. Fischer ◽  
M. Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetic ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

scholarly journals 4-Hydroxyisoleucine: experimental evidence of its insulinotropic and antidiabetic properties

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (4) ◽  
pp. E617-E623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Broca ◽  
René Gross ◽  
Pierre Petit ◽  
Yves Sauvaire ◽  
Michèle Manteghetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Tests ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetic ◽  
Single Intravenous Administration

We have recently shown in vitro that 4-hydroxyisoleucine (4-OH-Ile), an amino acid extracted from fenugreek seeds, potentiates insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. The present study was designed to investigate whether 4-OH-Ile could exert in vivo insulinotropic and antidiabetic properties. For this purpose, intravenous or oral glucose tolerance tests (IVGTTs and OGTTs, respectively) were performed not only in normal animals but also in a type II diabetes rat model. During IVGTT in normal rats or OGTT in normal dogs, 4-OH-Ile (18 mg/kg) improved glucose tolerance. The lactonic form of 4-OH-Ile was ineffective in normal rats. In non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDD) rats, a single intravenous administration of 4-OH-Ile (50 mg/kg) partially restored glucose-induced insulin response without affecting glucose tolerance; a 6-day subchronic administration of 4-OH-Ile (50 mg/kg, daily) reduced basal hyperglycemia, decreased basal insulinemia, and slightly, but significantly, improved glucose tolerance. In vitro, 4-OH-Ile (200 μM) potentiated glucose (16.7 mM)-induced insulin release from NIDD rat-isolated islets. So, the antidiabetic effects of 4-OH-Ile on NIDD rats result, at least in part, from a direct pancreatic B cell stimulation.

scholarly journals Physical and psychological health of children of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic mothers

Diabetologia ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Hadden ◽  
E. Byrne ◽  
I. Trotter ◽  
J.M.G. Harley ◽  
G. McClure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetic ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

scholarly journals Plasma Ghrelin and Resistin Concentrations Are Suppressed in Infants of Insulin-Dependent Diabetic Mothers

2004 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 5563-5568 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Ng ◽  
C. H. Lee ◽  
C. W. K. Lam ◽  
E. Wong ◽  
I. H. S. Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetic ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

Response of plasma somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) to a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test in normal subjects and patients with impaired glucose tolerance

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuyasu Itoh ◽  
Yoshifumi Hirooka ◽  
Noriyuki Nihei
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Somatostatin 14

Abstract. To study the role of somatostatin in the pathophysiology of glucose intolerance in man, plasma somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) was measured in 8 normal subjects, 6 patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 13 with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 9 with hyperthyroidism, by extraction of plasma SLI and radioimmunoassay. The extraction method gave a recovery rate for synthetic somatostatin-14 and somatostatin-28 of 72 ± 6 and 55 ± 7%, respectively. No SLI corresponding to somatostatin-28 in human peripheral blood was observed. Incubation of somatostatin-28 in plasma gave a rapid decrease of immunoreactivity, and no conversion to somatostatin-14 was observed. It is speculated that SLI extracted with acid-acetone mainly represents a molecular weight similar to somatostatin-14. After oral administration of glucose (75 g), a clear and sustained rise in plasma SLI was seen in normal subjects from an initial value (± sem) of 29.9 ± 5.4 pg/ml to a peak value, at 60 min of 93.4 ± 15.5 pg/ml. The increase of plasma SLI after 75 g glucose was also observed in IDDM and NIDDM. The peak level of SLI was significantly less than that for normal subjects. The extraction of plasma SLI with acetic acid and acetone gave reproducible results and showed a fluctuation of SLI with glucose concentration.

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