Growth hormone secretion in pubertal and adult subjects

1982 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Minuto ◽  
Antonina Barreca ◽  
Silvano Ferrini ◽  
Giancarlo Mazzocchi ◽  
Patrizia Del Monte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Pubertal Stage ◽  
Pubertal Maturation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pubertal Stages ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Mean Concentration

Abstract. GH responsiveness to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia and its circadian secretion were studied in a group of subjects in different pubertal stages. The GH peak after insulin was minimal in stage 1 boys (7.6 ± 1.3 (sem) ng/ml) and increased progressively, in parallel with pubertal maturation, reaching a maximum in the adult state (20 ± 4.0 ng/ml); the basal value was superimposable in all groups studied. The circadian secretion showed a sleep-related surge which was almost identical in the different stages; however in pubertal stage 1 boys multiple secretory peaks were observed, mainly during waking hours. A statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed in the mean concentration recorded during the day with a maximum in stage 1 boys (2.7 ± 0.2 ng/ml) and a gradual decrease to a minimum in adults (1.2 ± 0.3 ng/ml). This pattern seems to suggest that a pulsatile rhythm is present in boys, similar to that observed for gonadotrophins.

Pituitary volume in children with growth hormone deficiency, idiopathic short stature and controls

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Kessler ◽  
Michael Tenner ◽  
Michael Frey ◽  
Richard Noto
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Growth Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Idiopathic Short Stature ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractBackground:The objective of the study was to describe the pituitary volume (PV) in pediatric patients with isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD), idiopathic short stature (ISS) and normal controls.Methods:Sixty-nine patients (57 male, 12 female), with a mean age of 11.9 (±2.0), were determined to have IGHD. ISS was identified in 29 patients (20 male, 9 female), with a mean age of 12.7 (±3.7). Sixty-six controls (28 female, 38 male), mean age 9.8 (±4.7) were also included. Three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance images with contrast were obtained to accurately measure PV.Results:There was a significant difference in the mean PV among the three groups. The IGHD patients had a mean PV 230.8 (±89.6), for ISS patients it was 286.8 (±108.2) and for controls it was 343.7 (±145.9) (p<0.001). There was a normal increase in PV with age in the ISS patients and controls, but a minimal increase in the IGHD patients.Conclusions:Those patients with isolated GHD have the greatest reduction in PV compared to controls and the patients with ISS fall in between. We speculate that a possible cause for the slowed growth in some ISS patients might be related to diminished chronic secretion of growth hormone over time, albeit having adequate pituitary reserves to respond acutely to GH stimulation. Thus, what was called neurosecretory GHD in the past, might, in some patients, be relative pituitary hypoplasia and resultant diminished growth hormone secretion. Thus, PV determinations by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could assist in the diagnostic evaluation of the slowly growing child.

DIFFERENT EFFECTS OF EXOGENOUS CYCLIC ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE AND ITS DIBUTYRYL DERIVATIVE ON PLASMA GROWTH HORMONE, GLUCOSE, INSULIN AND CORTISOL

1976 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
M. Vanderschueren-Lodeweyckx ◽  
W. Proesmans ◽  
E. Eggermont ◽  
R. Eeckels
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Immunoreactive Insulin ◽  
Plasma Growth Hormone ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT The effects of the infusion in four different dosages (0.001, 0.005, 0.02 and 0.2 mg/kg/min during 60 min) of cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate and of its dibutyryl derivative on plasma growth hormone and on glucose, immunoreactive insulin and cortisol were studied in 38 normal subjects and in 10 patients with idiopathic hypopituitarism. In normal subjects cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate provokes an increase in plasma growth hormone levels (only when a dosage of 0.2 mg/kg/min is used) without any changes in plasma glucose, insulin and cortisol. The maximal value of the means is observed 75 min after starting the infusion. Dibutyryl cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (0.2 and 0.02 mg/kg/min) provokes a dose-related rise in plasma growth hormone levels which is always preceded by hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia. The peak of the mean growth hormone levels occurs at 135 min after initiation of the infusion. In all but one hypopituitary patients the nucleotides do not promote growth hormone secretion. It is concluded that exogenous cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate and its dibutyryl derivative may not be considered as analogous and that both compounds may contribute to study growth hormone release in normal subjects and in patients with growth abnormalities.

Desensitization from long-term intranasal treatment with hexarelin does not interfere with the biological effects of this growth hormone-releasing peptide in short children

1996 ◽  
Vol 134 (6) ◽  
pp. 716-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Klinger ◽  
Aviva Silbergeld ◽  
Romano Deghenghi ◽  
Jenny Frenkel ◽  
Zvi Laron
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Velocity ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Pediatric Endocrinology ◽  
Short Children ◽  
The Mean

Klinger B, Silbergeld A, Deghenghi R, Frenkel J, Laron Z. Desensitization from long-term intranasal treatment with hexarelin does not interfere with the biological effects of this growth hormonereleasing peptide in short children. Eur J Endocrinol 1996;134:716–9. ISSN 0804–4643 A clinical, prospective experiment was carried out to determine whether long-term intranasal administration of the growth hormone-releasing peptide hexarelin (His-d-2-methyl-Trp-Ala-Trp-d-Phe-Lys-NH2) affects pituitary growth hormone secretion. Hexarelin (60 μg/kg t.i.d.) was administered to seven prepubertal constitutionally short children (mean age ±sd = 7.6 ± 2.4 years). Serum human growth hormone (hGH) response to an intranasal (20 μg/kg) and intravenous (1 μg/kg) bolus of hexarelin before, during and after 6–10 months of treatment was measured. The mean (±sd) peak rise of hGH to the intranasal bolus before treatment was 70.6 ± mU/I. After 7 days of hexarelin treatment, mean peak values dropped to 34.1 ±15.7 mU/l (p < 0.002) and thereafter remained constant for 6 months of treatment at 37.5 10.3 ±mU/l (p < 0.03). The pretreatment peak to the iv hexarelin bolus was 84.8 52.5 ±mU/l, and at the end of the treatment period it was 19.8 10.9 ±mU/l (p < 0.05). Three months after stopping treatment the mean (±sd) hGH response rose to 42.1 ±4.7 mU/l (p < 0.005). Growth velocity increased from 5.3±0.9 cm/year (before treatment) to 7.4 1.6 cm/year at ±6–10 months of treatment (p < 0.005). In conclusion, the partial suppression of pituitary hGH responsiveness to long-term intranasal hexarelin treatment, probably due to desensitization, does not affect the observed increase in growth velocity. Z Laron, Pediatric Endocrinology, 11 El Al Street, Ramat Efal, 52960, Israel

CHANGES IN PLASMA GROWTH HORMONE AND INSULIN OF THE HUMAN FOETUS FOLLOWING HYSTEROTOMY

1971 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Turner ◽  
B. Schneeloch ◽  
P. Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Immunoreactive Insulin ◽  
Plasma Growth Hormone ◽  
Plasma Insulin Concentration ◽  
Plasma Immunoreactive Insulin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Serial Samples

ABSTRACT Plasma immunoreactive insulin and growth hormone of 20–24 weeks' gestation human foetuses were assayed in serial samples following delivery by hysterotomy. The mean umbilical cord plasma growth hormone concentration was 71 ng/ml (range 13–120 ng/ml) and the mean plasma insulin was 5 μU/ml (range 2–8 μU/ml). Following delivery the growth hormone levels increased, but there was no significant change in plasma insulin concentration. The hypothalamic-hypophyseal axis controlling growth hormone secretion appears to be developed by 20 weeks' gestation, and »stress« appears to be a provocative stimulus.

scholarly journals Effect of neonatal thyroidectomy on growth hormone secretion in the rat

1998 ◽  
Vol 157 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Kitauchi ◽  
H Yamanouchi ◽  
N Hirano ◽  
S Tone ◽  
M Shiino
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Northern Blot Analysis ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Gh Cells ◽  
Neonatal Life ◽  
Significant Difference

The influence of neonatal thyroidectomy (Tx) on GH production was investigated by means of Northern blot analysis. Tx resulted in a significant decrease in pituitary GH mRNA levels after 10, 15 and 20 days. The changes of pituitary GH mRNA were soon reflected in pituitary GH content. There was, however, no significant difference in pituitary GH mRNA levels and GH content between Tx and sham-operated rats at 5 days old. The pituitary GH cells were significantly decreased in number 15 and 20 days after Tx. These data suggest that GH mRNA is transcribed, independent of thyroid hormone, in the rat anterior pituitary gland during early neonatal life. In addition, the present study ascertained that GH dependence on thyroid hormone is acquired between the 5th and 10th day of neonatal life.

Growth hormone secretion in old female rats analyzed by the reverse hemolytic plaque assay

1992 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumio Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Plaque Area ◽  
Gh Cells ◽  
Reverse Hemolytic Plaque Assay ◽  
The Mean

Growth hormone (GH) release was studied in young (3–4-month-old) and old persistent diestrous (20– 21-month-old) female rats using the reverse hemolytic plaque assay. A bimodal distribution of reverse hemolytic plaque area was observed in both young and old female rats. The mean and median of the plaque area of GH cells from old females were smaller than those from young female rats. The percentage of plaque-forming GH cells in old female rats was lower than in young female rats. The percentage of large plaque-forming GH cells (plaque area, more than 8 × 103 μm2) was lower in old female rats than in young female rats. GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) increased the mean and median of plaque areas in both young and old female rats. However, responsiveness to GHRH was reduced in old female rats. These results indicate that the amount of GH released from individual GH cells decreases with age in female rats, resulting in diminished GH secretion.

scholarly journals Testosterone modulates growth hormone secretion at the hypothalamic but not at the hypophyseal level in the adult male rhesus monkey

2000 ◽  
Vol 165 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
SS Rizvi ◽  
GF Weinbauer ◽  
M Arslan ◽  
CJ Partsch ◽  
E Nieschlag
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Rhesus

We investigated a possible modulation of growth hormone (GH) secretion by testosterone by measuring the growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH)-stimulated and N-methyl-d,l-aspartic acid (NMA)-induced GH secretion in adult rhesus monkeys. Intact, orchidectomized and testosterone-substituted (testosterone enanthate 125 mg/week, i.m. for 5 weeks) orchidectomized monkeys (n=5) were used in the study. GHRH (25 microg/kg body weight) or NMA (15 mg/kg body weight) was infused through a Teflon cannula implanted in the saphenous vein. Sequential blood samples were collected 30-60 min before and 60 min after the injection of the neurohormone or the drug at 10-20-min intervals. All bleedings were carried out under ketamine hydrochloride anaesthesia (initial dose 5 mg/kg body weight i.m., followed by 2.5 mg/kg at 30-min intervals). The plasma concentrations of GH, testosterone and oestradiol (E(2)) were determined by using specific assay systems. Administration of GHRH elicited a significant increase in GH secretion in all three groups of animals. There was no significant difference in the responsiveness of pituitary somatotrophs to exogenous GHRH challenges between intact and orchidectomized monkeys and testosterone replacement in orchidectomized animals did not significantly alter the GHRH-induced GH response. The responsiveness of hypothalamic GHRH neurones apparently did undergo a qualitative change after orchidectomy, as GH response to NMA was less in orchidectomized animals than in intact monkeys. The responsiveness of GHRH neurones to exogenous NMA was restored and even potentiated when orchidectomized monkeys were treated with testosterone. Taken together, these findings suggest that testosterone does not affect the sensitivity of the pituitary somatotrophs to GHRH but stimulates the secretion of GH by modulation of the NMDA drive to GHRH neurones.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Prepubertal Patients with Suspected Neurosecretory Dysfunction of Growth Hormone Secretion: Diagnostic Steps and Treatment Response

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Carmen Sydlik ◽  
Claudia Weißenbacher ◽  
Julia Roeb ◽  
Susanne Bechtold-Dalla Pozza ◽  
Heinrich Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Gh Treatment ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stimulation Tests

Background and Aims. Existence and diagnostic procedures of neurosecretory dysfunction of growth hormone (NSD) are still a matter of debate. The aim of our study was (a) to find out if prediagnostic auxological and laboratory data could serve as an indicator for pathologic and normal spontaneous GH-secretion and (b) to evaluate the response to GH-therapy in NSD-patients. Methods. Of 90 children (unicentric study) with normal response to GH-stimulation tests, in whom 12-hour night profiles for GH-secretion were performed, 49 were diagnosed with NSD (NSD group). Their auxologic data, IGF-I/IGFBP3-levels as well as the night profiles, were analysed and compared to those of the non-NSD group. Additionally, follow-up auxological data of the GH-treated NSD-patients were collected. Results. Prediagnostic auxologic and laboratory data did not differ between the two groups. Instead, for all analysed criteria of spontaneous GH-secretion (number of peaks, maximal and mean secretion) a significant difference was found. Children with NSD showed a good response to GH-treatment after 1 (ΔH-SDS +0,77 ± 0,48) as well as 4 years (+1,51 ± 0,75). Conclusion. According to our results, analysing spontaneous GH-secretion remains the only method to identify NSD. Yet, as response to GH-treatment is comparable to results in idiopathic GHD, it is worth to consider this diagnosis.

THE INTERACTION OF GROWTH HORMONE, SOMATOMEDIN AND OESTROGEN IN PATIENTS WITH TURNER'S SYNDROME

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Saenger ◽  
Ernest Schwartz ◽  
Eckehart Wiedemann ◽  
Lenore S. Levine ◽  
Mary Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Turner's Syndrome ◽  
Oestrogen Therapy ◽  
Turner’S Syndrome ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Control Serum ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Baseline somatomedin activity in seven of eight patients with Turner's syndrome was found to be within normal limits. Somatomedin activity readily suppressed with oestrogen administration. The overall mean serum somatomedin activity during oestrogen therapy (0.87 U/ml, sd 0.15) was significantly lower (P < 0.005) than the mean of the control serum somatomedin activities (1.09 U/ml, sd 0.24). During oestrogen therapy, suggestive elevations of fasting growth hormone levels were noted in five of eight patients. The data indicate that oestrogenic suppression of serum somatomedin was not due to decreased growth hormone secretion and suggest the existence of a negative feedback link between somatomedin and growth hormone.

Stimulation of Growth Hormone Secretion by Levodopa-Peopranolol in Children and Adolescents

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-266
Author(s):  
Robert Collu ◽  
Gilles Leboeuf ◽  
Jacques Letarte ◽  
Jacques R. Ducharme
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Primary Amenorrhea ◽  
Provocative Test ◽  
Insulin Tolerance ◽  
Chromophobe Adenoma ◽  
The Mean

Levodopa, 0.5 gm/1.73 sq m, and propranolol, 0.75 mg/kg, were administered orally to 23 children with short stature and 10 children suffering from various disorders. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests and arginine infusions were also utilized in some of these subjects to determine growth hormone (GH) response. Seventeen subjects with short stature had a GH peak greater than 5 ng/ml to the combined levodopa-propranolol provocative test (DPPT). The mean GH peak concentration obtained in this group was 19.6 ± 1.8 (SEM) ng/ml, and in 94.1% of these children the peak was obtained at either 30, 60, or 90 minutes following the administration of the two drugs. Six subjects with short stature who failed to respond to the DPPT had abnormal responses to at least two other stimulatory tests and were classified as GH-deficient. Two subjects among the ten suffering from various disorders failed to respond to the DPPT. The first was a case of chromophobe adenoma of the pituitary gland with primary amenorrhea and luteinizing hormone deficiency, and the second a case of Hand-Schüller-Christian disease. The DPPT appears to be a reliable, safe, and easy-to-perform test to determine GH reserve.

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