Decreased testicular response to acute LH-stimulation and increased intratesticular concentration of oestradiol-17β in the abdominal testes in cryptorchid rats

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Erik Damber ◽  
Anders Bergh
Keyword(s):  
Cell Function ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Cryptorchid Testis ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Compensatory Hyperfunction ◽  
And Control ◽  
Gubernaculum Testis ◽  
Leydig Cell Function

Abstract. Rats were made cryptorchid, bi- or unilaterally, by cutting gubernaculum testis at birth. At 100 days of age the basal plasma testosterone concentration was smaller in bilateral cryptorchid animals as compared to unilateral cryptorchid and control rats. After acute LH-stimulation plasma testosterone concentration increased in all rats, where the highest concentrations were found in the control group. The amount of testosterone in the testis after a 30 min LH-stimulation was lower in both kinds of cryptorchid testes but higher in the scrotal testis of the unilateral cryptorchid rats, all as compared to control testis. This decreased effect of LH observed in cryptorchid animals indicates an impaired Leydig cell function in cryptorchid testis. The results also show a compensatory hyperfunction of Leydig cells in the scrotal testes of unilateral cryptorchid rats. It was also found that the intratesticular concentration of oestradiol-17β was three-fold increased in unilateral cryptorchid testes and even more in bilateral cryptorchid ones.

Testicular Function and Bone in Young Men with Severe Childhood-Onset Obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 442-449
Author(s):  
Saila Laakso ◽  
Heli Viljakainen ◽  
Marita Lipsanen-Nyman ◽  
Ursula Turpeinen ◽  
Kaisa K. Ivaska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leydig Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Leydig Cell Function

Background: Previous studies suggest increased risk for hypoandrogenism and fractures in men with obesity. We aimed to describe the effects of severe childhood-onset obesity on the cross talk between metabolic state, testes, and skeleton at late puberty. Methods: A cohort of adolescent and young adult males with severe childhood-onset obesity (n = 21, mean age 18.5 years) and an age-matched control group were assessed for testicular hormones and X-ray absorptiometry-derived bone mass. Results: Current median body mass indexes for the obese and control subjects were 37.4 and 22.9. Severe early-onset obesity manifested with lower free testosterone (median [interquartile range] 244 [194–332] vs. 403 [293–463] pmol/L, p = 0.002). Lower insulin-like 3 (1.02 [0.82–1.23] vs. 1.22 [1.01–1.46] ng/mL, p = 0.045) and lower ratio of testosterone to luteinizing hormone (2.81 [1.96–3.98] vs. 4.10 [3.03–5.83] nmol/IU, p = 0.008) suggested disrupted Leydig cell function. The degree of current obesity inversely correlated with free testosterone (τ = –0.516, p = 0.003), which in turn correlated positively with bone area at all measurement sites in males with childhood-onset obesity. Conclusions: Severe childhood-onset obesity is associated with impaired Leydig cell function in young men and lower free testosterone may contribute to impaired skeletal characteristics.

scholarly journals Evaluation of endocrine testing of Leydig cell function using extractive and recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin and different doses of recombinant human LH in normal men

2008 ◽  
Vol 159 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Cailleux-Bounacer ◽  
Yves Reznik ◽  
Bruno Cauliez ◽  
Jean François Menard ◽  
Céline Duparc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Leydig Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Plasma Estradiol ◽  
Normal Men ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Leydig Cell Function

BackgroundThe functional testing of endocrine testis uses extractive human chorionic gonadotropin (ehCG). Recombinant human hCG (rhCG), avoiding any contamination, should replace ehCG. Moreover, a functional evaluation with recombinant human LH (rhLH) would be closer to physiology than a pharmacological testing with hCG.MethodsThe study was conducted in normal men. We first evaluated the dose–effect of ehCG on plasma testosterone and estradiol levels, before and after injection of either hCG or vehicle. Secondly, the responses to the optimal dose of ehCG were compared with those of rhCG. Thirdly, we investigated the dose–effect of rhLH, on steroid hormone secretion. LH, testosterone, and estradiol plasma levels were measured after the injection of either rhLH or placebo.ResultsehCG induced dose-dependent increases in plasma estradiol and testosterone levels. They respectively peaked at 24 and 72 h after the injection. The most potent dose of ehCG (5000 IU) induced results similar to those observed with 250 μg (6500 IU) rhCG. By comparison with placebo, rhLH induced a significant and dose-dependent increase in plasma testosterone levels 4 h after the injection. Peak response of testosterone to rhLH and rhCG was significantly correlated. rhLH did not induce significant change in plasma estradiol level.ConclusionsIn normal men, a single i.v. injection of 150 IU rhLH induces a 25% rise in plasma testosterone levels by comparison with placebo. At the moment, the dynamic evaluation using hCG remains the gold standard test to explore the Leydig cell function. The use of 250 μg rhCG avoiding any contamination should be recommended.

Changes in atrial natriuretic peptide concentration and expression of its receptors after pneumonectomy in the rat

2000 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohichi TAMURA ◽  
Shinzo TAKAMORI ◽  
Hiroharu MIFUNE ◽  
Akihiro HAYASHI ◽  
Kazuo SHIROUZU
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Pulmonary Oedema ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Endothelial Cell Function ◽  
And Control ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a cardiac hormone which affects endothelial cell function through a receptor-mediated process. Pneumonectomy is a common thoracic surgical procedure that can cause pulmonary oedema in the remaining lung. Few reports have investigated the aetiology of this complication. The aim of this study was to determine the changes in ANP concentration and expression of its receptors following pneumonectomy as a possible aetiology for postpneumonectomy pulmonary oedema (PPE). We compared plasma ANP concentrations, cGMP concentrations, and natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR)-A mRNA and NPR-C mRNA expression in rat lung 3 h after pneumonectomy (n = 5) or a sham operation (n = 5). The ANP concentrations in plasma and lung tissue in the pneumonectomy group were significantly higher than in the control group (749.5 versus 202.7 pgċml-1, P < 0.01; 33.1 versus 6.8 ngċg-1 wet tissue, P < 0.01 respectively). The level of ANP mRNA expression in the pneumonectomy group was significantly higher than in the control group (1.44 versus 0.41 relative ANP mRNA expression, P < 0.05). The concentration of cGMP and the level of NPR-A mRNA expression were not significantly different between the pneumonectomy and control groups. The level of NPR-C mRNA expression in the pneumonectomy group was significantly higher than in the control group (4.17 versus 2.19 relative NPR-C mRNA expression, P < 0.01). These findings suggest that changes in pulmonary ANP and NPR-C expression may contribute to the development of PPE in the remaining lung in the acute phase following pneumonectomy.

scholarly journals Associations between Handgrip Strength and Vitamin 25(OH)D Levels in Geriatric Patients

Folia Medica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meliha Kasapoğlu Aksoy ◽  
Lale Altan ◽  
İlknur Aykurt Karlıbel
Keyword(s):  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Good General Health ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Thirty percent of the muscle mass is lost between the third and eighth decades of life. Vitamin D may have different roles in different aspects of the muscle cell function. Aim: To assess the correlation between vitamin 25(OH)D levels, handgrip strength (HGS), and finger pinch strength (FPS) in elderly. Materials and methods: This was a clinical observational study. It included a total of 92 patients of 65 years and over with good general health status and 66 young healthy volunteers. They all underwent HGS and FPS measurements. Study groups were further stratified into those with a serum 25(OH)D levels higher than 30 ng/dl and those with lower than 30 ng/dl. Results: When geriatric patients were divided into two groups based on 25(OH)D levels, no statistically significant intergroup differences were found in FPS (p>0.05) while statistically significant differences were found in HGS (p<0.05). The analysis of the correlations between HGS and 25(OH)D concentrations revealed a positive, statistically significant correlation between these two parameters at r= 0.330 (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that serum vitamin 25(OH)D levels have an impact on HGS in both geriatric group and control group.

LH-RH TESTING IN MEN WITH DOWN'S SYNDROME

1978 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard F. Horan ◽  
Inese Z. Beitins ◽  
Hans Henning Bode
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Trisomy 21 ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Down's Syndrome ◽  
Down’S Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stimulation Tests ◽  
Lh Rh ◽  
Leydig Cell Function

ABSTRACT Males with Down's syndrome frequently present incomplete sexual development and are presumed to be sterile. The intent of this study is to clarify the aetiology of diminished sexual function in men with trisomy 21. Single dose LH-RH stimulation tests were performed in 6 men with Down's syndrome. Compared to a control group of 6 mentally retarded, institutionalized males, the subjects with Down's syndrome had markedly elevated basal FSH and slightly elevated basal LH concentrations. The FSH response to LH-RH stimulation was notably increased in the Down's syndrome group, while the LH response showed a lesser increase. Testosterone concentrations were found to be comparable in the two groups. The results are consistent with the clinical assumption that males with Down's syndrome have decreased spermatogenesis and infertility and that their Leydig cell function is less affected.

PLASMA LH AND FSH RESPONSE TO LRH AND PLASMA TESTOSTERONE LEVELS IN BOYS WITH IRREGULAR PUBERTY

1977 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 456-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zvi Dickerman ◽  
Yehuda Bar-Haim ◽  
Ruth Prager-Lewin ◽  
Haiuta Kaufman ◽  
Zvi Laron
Keyword(s):  
Bone Age ◽  
Pubic Hair ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Testicular Development ◽  
Pubertal Stage ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Pubertal Stages

ABSTRACT Nineteen boys with irregular puberty (IP), defined as a discrepancy of two or more pubertal stages between the criteria for genitalia and that for pubic hair, were subjected to a standard LRH test (50 μg/m2, iv) and the response of gonadotrophins as well as the basal levels of plasma testosterone, LH and FSH were compared to those of boys with normal, regular puberty. When the results were plotted against the pubertal stage for genitalia (Pg), it was found that in the boys with IP the basal plasma testosterone levels were lower and the response of plasma LH to LRH stimulation lesser than in the controls. However, when these parameters were plotted against the pubertal stage for pubic hair (Ph) it was found, that in the boys with IP the plasma testosterone levels were significantly higher and the response of both LH and FSH stimulation greater than in the control group. It was concluded that irregular puberty in boys may be regarded as a normal variation. The delayed development of sexual hair and penile length, and retarded pubertal growth spurt and bone age maturation seen in these boys, with normal testicular development, may be explained by a temporary reduced peripheral sensitivity to androgens and a compensatory effort by the pituitary, manifested in increased secretion of LH and testosterone, relatively to their pubertal stage for pubic hair.

EFFECTS OF AN INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF TETRACOSACTID ON PLASMA CORTICOSTEROID AND TESTOSTERONE LEVELS IN UNSTRESSED MALE RABBITS

1979 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. Faulborn ◽  
M. Fenske ◽  
L. Pitzel ◽  
A. König
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Blood Withdrawal ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Pre Treatment

ABSTRACT Administration of tetracosactid into male rabbits, fitted with permanently indwelling jugular catheters, resulted in a rapid rise of plasma corticosteroids and plasma testosterone. Corticosteroid concentrations were significantly elevated at 40 and 60 min and testosterone concentrations 20 min after the iv injection of tetracosactid (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 μg/kg body weight), in comparison to pre-treatment levels. Corticosteroid values in plasma were elevated as long as 120 min after tetracosactid injection. In contrast, testosterone levels were lower at 60–120 min after tetracosactid injection than corresponding pre-treatment values. However, these differences were not significant. At the doses used no tetracosactiddose-dependent corticosteroid or testosterone release could be found; apparently, testosterone release is only dependent upon basal plasma levels but not upon the dose of tetracosactid applied. From these studies it is concluded that tetracosactid may bring about an increase or decrease of testosterone concentration in plasma in the buck depending upon the length of time elapsing between injection of tetracosactid and blood withdrawal.

Chronic DOC treatment enhances Na(+)-H+ exchanger activity of beta-intercalated cells in rabbit CCD

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (5) ◽  
pp. F712-F717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yamaji ◽  
M. Hayashi ◽  
M. Iyori ◽  
W. Kitajima ◽  
T. Saruta
Keyword(s):  
Cell Function ◽  
Functional Change ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intercalated Cells ◽  
Acetoxymethyl Ester ◽  
Acid Base Status ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

Chronic deoxycorticosterone (DOC) treatment is known to increase HCO3- secretion in rabbit cortical collecting ducts (CCD). In this study, we examined whether changes in number or function of intercalated cells (ICC) are induced by DOC treatment. The number of total ICC [acetoxymethyl ester of 2',7'-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF/AM)-positive cells after its luminal loading], and beta-ICC (peanut agglutinin-positive cells) was not different between DOC and control groups in either initial CCD or terminal CCD. To evaluate the single-cell function of ICC, the rate of intracellular pH (pHi) recovery (dpHi/dt, pHU/s x 10(3)) after NH4+/NH3 prepulse was studied in the in vitro microperfused CCD in the presence of HCO3-/CO2 with BCECF/AM. The mean rate of dpHi/dt of beta-ICC in the DOC group was faster than that in the control group (6.19 +/- 0.36 vs. 4.30 +/- 0.41, P less than 0.005, respectively), whereas baseline pHi and buffer capacity were similar in the two groups. The inhibition of basolateral Na(+)-H+ exchanger with 1 mM amiloride eliminated the difference of dpHi/dt between the two groups, indicating the increased activity of basolateral Na(+)-H+ exchanger of beta-ICC in the DOC group. The correction of DOC-induced metabolic alkalosis by oral acid loading abolished the increase in Na+/H+ exchanger activity by chronic DOC treatment. These results suggest that DOC treatment induces a functional change in a single beta-ICC and that this functional change was induced by in vivo acid-base status.

scholarly journals The effect of hormonal treatment with kisspeptin, GnRH and hCG on semen characteristics in buck Cyprus goats during non-breeding season as compared with breeding season

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-88
Author(s):  
Maad AL-Ameri ◽  
Talal Abdulkareem ◽  
Ahmed Taha
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Abu Ghraib ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Semen Characteristics

The current study aimed to determine the effect of hormonal treatment with kisspeptin, GnRH and hCG on plasma testosterone concentration and semen characteristics in buck Cyprus goats during non-breeding season as compared with breeding season. This study was executed at the Ruminant Researches Station pertaining to the Directorate of Agricultural Researches, Ministry of Agriculture, Abu-Ghraib, Baghdad (latitude 33˚20' N) for the period from November 15th, 2012 to December 〖31〗^st 2013. A total of 20 buck Cyprus goats 2 years old and averages 55 kg body weight. During non-breeding season bucks were randomly divided into five equal groups (4 bucks / group). The first group (A1) was regarded as a control group, i.m injected with normal saline, whereas, the second (A2) and third (A3) groups were i.v injected with 4 and 8 µg / kg body weight of Kisspeptin-10 respectively. The fourth (A4) and fifth (A5) groups were i.m injected with hCG (250 IU / buck) and GnRH (20 µg / buck) respectively. Plasma testosterone concentrations were significantly (P≤ 0.01 and P≤ 0.05) increased at 20, 30, 40 and 50 min post-treatment in A5, A2 and A3 groups as compared with control A1. Mass motility and individual motility were significantly (P≤ 0.01) in A5, A4, A2 and A3 as compared with control during non-breeding season. In conclusion, our results show that Kisspeptin-10, GnRH and hCG can stimulate the quiescent hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis of bucks during non-breeding season by increasing plasma testosterone concentration post treatment that leads improving some semen characteristics during non-breeding season.

TESTOSTERONAUSSCHEIDUNG BEI MÄNNLICHEN PERSONEN UNTER NORMALEN UND PATHOLOGISCHEN BEDINGUNGEN

1968 ◽  
Vol 58 (2_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S7-S64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmuth Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Cell Function ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Acid Acid ◽  
Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Leydig Cell Function ◽  
Urinary Estrogens

SUMMARY Until recently our knowledge concerning the endocrine function of the human testes was mainly based on clinical and morphological data. Biochemical criteria of Leydig cell function such as certain constituents of semen (fructose, citric acid, acid phosphatase) or urinary metabolites of testicular hormones (17-ketosteroids and their fractions, estrogens) were not able to give reliable and precise information. Since 1960 however progress in methodology has enabled us to determine testosterone itself in plasma and urine. Plasma and urinary testosterone is not only derived from the testicular but also from the adrenal androgens and urinary testosterone represents only 1% of the total testosterone produced in the male organism. If however the production of androgens by the testes or adrenals is suppressed by blocking ICSH or ACTH, it can be demonstrated that 80–90% of the plasma testosterone is derived from the testes; in contrast, about two thirds of the "androgenic" fractions of 17-ketosteroids are metabolites of adrenal precursors; similar relationships seem to exist in the urinary estrogens of the male. It can therefore be assumed that testosterone values correlate better with the endocrine testes function than any of the parameters formerly employed. Furthermore, testosterone is the most active androgen whereas the 17-ketosteroids are derived mainly from weak androgenic steroids and they do not represent the total androgenicity of the organism.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document