THYROID AND ADRENOMEDULLARY REACTIONS DURING SLEEP DEPRIVATION

1979 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Palmblad ◽  
Torbjörn Äkerstedt ◽  
Jan Fröberg ◽  
Arne Melander ◽  
Henning von Schenck
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Male Volunteers ◽  
Enhanced Secretion ◽  
Noradrenaline And Adrenaline

ABSTRACT The possible influence of a 48 h period of sleep deprivation on the serum concentrations of total and unbound 3,5,3′,5′-thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3), and of total 3,3′,5′-triiodothyronine (reverse T3, rT3) was studied in 12 young male volunteers. In addition, plasma concentrations of TSH and the urinary excretion of noradrenaline and adrenaline were examined. Both total S-T4, S-T3 and S-rT3, and unbound S-T4 and S-T3 (unbound rT3 was not calculated) were significantly enhanced following sleep deprivation. P-TSH showed a numerical but statistically not significant increase, while the catecholamines remained unaltered. The results suggest that sleep deprivation provokes enhanced secretion of thyroid hormone(s), supposedly via increased secretion of TSH.

Metabolism of cortisol in anorexia nervosa

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 753-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Vierhapper ◽  
A. Kiss ◽  
P. Nowotny ◽  
S. Wiesnagrotzki ◽  
C. Monder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Adrenocortical Function ◽  
Acth Stimulation ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Enhanced Secretion ◽  
Excretion Rates ◽  
Steroid Excretion

Abstract. In patients with anorexia nervosa 24-h mean plasma concentration of cortisol were 0.44± 0.09 μmol/l (normal < 0.28 μmol/l). Following stimulation by ACTH (1–24) urinary excretion rates of cortisol were stimulated from 0.22 ± 0.08 to 4.85 ± 2.78 μmol/24 h. Similarly, plasma concentrations of the glucocorticoid metabolite, tetrahydrocortisone, increased from 23.3 ± 9.0 to 47.3 ± 30.2 nmol/l; urinary excretion rates of tetrahydrocortisone increased from 3.61 ± 0.90 to 8.40 ± 1.72 μmol/24 h. The relative share of the sulphate, glucuronide and free fractions of tetrahydrocortisone in the patients' urine did not indicate any defect in metabolization of this steroid metabolite. Excretion rates of the four glucocorticoid tetrahydro-metabolites, tetrahydrocortisone, allotetrahydrocortisone, tetrahydrocortisol, and allo-tetrahydrocortisol, expressed as percent of total steroid excretion, were similar in patients with anorexia and in healthy women under basal conditions (24 ± 6 vs 23 ± 6%) and during stimulation by ACTH (1–24) (36 ± 10 vs 45 ± 6%). The share of the two androgen metabolites, androsterone and etiocholanolone, was 24 ± 5% of total steroid excretion (basal; healthy women: 27 ± 8%) and 13 ± 2% (ACTH stimulation; healthy women: 12 ± 4%) in patients with anorexia nervosa. Thus, analysis of urinary steroid excretion rates did not indicate a shift in adrenocortical function. The results confirmed enhanced secretion of cortisol in patients with anorexia nervosa under basal conditions and during/following stimulation by ACTH. The ACTH-induced increase in the concentrations of the tetrahydro-glucocorticoid metabolites in urine was less pronounced than that of cortisol. The data strongly suggest a rate-limiting step in the transformation of cortisol into its main metabolites, most likely an impaired reduction of the double bond in positions C4/C5.

scholarly journals The Effect of Bilateral Nephrectomy on Renalase and Catecholamines in Hemodialysis Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6282
Author(s):  
Magda Wiśniewska ◽  
Natalia Serwin ◽  
Violetta Dziedziejko ◽  
Małgorzata Marchelek-Myśliwiec ◽  
Barbara Dołęgowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Activity ◽  
Normal Kidney ◽  
Bilateral Nephrectomy ◽  
Arterial Blood

Background/Aims: Renalase is an enzyme with monoamine oxidase activity that metabolizes catecholamines; therefore, it has a significant influence on arterial blood pressure regulation and the development of cardiovascular diseases. Renalase is mainly produced in the kidneys. Nephrectomy and hemodialysis (HD) may alter the production and metabolism of renalase. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of bilateral nephrectomy on renalase levels in the serum and erythrocytes of hemodialysis patients. Methods: This study included 27 hemodialysis patients post-bilateral nephrectomy, 46 hemodialysis patients without nephrectomy but with chronic kidney disease and anuria and 30 healthy subjects with normal kidney function. Renalase levels in the serum and erythrocytes were measured using an ELISA kit. Results: Serum concentrations of renalase were significantly higher in post-bilateral nephrectomy patients when compared with those of control subjects (101.1 ± 65.5 vs. 19.6 ± 5.0; p < 0.01). Additionally, renalase concentrations, calculated per gram of hemoglobin, were significantly higher in patients after bilateral nephrectomy in comparison with those of healthy subjects (994.9 ± 345.5 vs. 697.6 ± 273.4, p = 0.015). There were no statistically significant differences in plasma concentrations of noradrenaline or adrenaline. In contrast, the concentration of dopamine was significantly lower in post-nephrectomy patients when compared with those of healthy subjects (116.8 ± 147.7 vs. 440.9 ± 343.2, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Increased serum levels of renalase in post-bilateral nephrectomy hemodialysis patients are likely related to production in extra-renal organs as a result of changes in the cardiovascular system and hypertension.

scholarly journals Gastrin and the Moderate Hypergastrinemias

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6977
Author(s):  
Jens F. Rehfeld
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Antral Mucosa ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Gastrin Secretion ◽  
Mucosal Growth ◽  
Early Phases ◽  
Molecular Nature ◽  
Concentration Levels

The antral hormone gastrin potently regulates gastric acid secretion and fundic mucosal growth. Consequently, appropriate gastrin secretion and plasma concentrations are important for the early phases of digestion. This review describes as the first premise the normal biogenesis of gastrin in the antral mucosa, but also mentions the extraantral expression. Subsequently, the molecular nature and concentration levels of gastrin in serum or plasma are overviewed. Third, assays for accurate measurements of plasma or serum concentrations are commented. Finally, the problem of moderate hypergastrinemia due to Helicobacter pylori infections and/or treatment with proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) is discussed. The review concludes that accurate measurement of the true concentrations of bioactive gastrins in plasma is important. Moreover, it suggests that moderate hypergastrinemias are also essential health issues that require serious attention.

Plasma Catecholamine Levels and Vascular Response in Deoxycorticosterone Acetate Hypertension of Rats

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (s6) ◽  
pp. 315s-317s ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Rascher ◽  
R. Dietz ◽  
A. Schomig ◽  
J. Weber ◽  
F. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Hind Limb ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Catecholamine ◽  
Vascular Response ◽  
Deoxycorticosterone Acetate ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Noradrenaline And Adrenaline ◽  
Catecholamine Levels

1. In rats with deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) hypertension basal plasma concentrations of noradrenaline and adrenaline correspond to those of sham-treated controls. 2. In DOCA-treated rats frusemide caused a more pronounced increase in plasma noradrenaline than in control rats. This difference was not observed for adrenaline. 3. In the isolated perfused hind-limb preparation the sensitivity to noradrenaline was already enhanced before blood pressure was elevated. 4. These results suggest that the adrenergic vascular tone is increased in DOCA hypertension in rats.

PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS OF LUTEINIZING HORMONE, TESTOSTERONE AND ANDROSTENEDIONE IN CASTRATED AND ADRENALECTOMIZED BULL CALVES

1978 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. BASS ◽  
A. J. PETERSON ◽  
E. PAYNE
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Similar Magnitude ◽  
Research Division ◽  
Bull Calves

Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Research Division, Ruakura Agricultural Research Centre, Hamilton, New Zealand (Received 17 April 1978) An increase in the plasma concentration of luteinizing hormone (LH) occurs in response to castration in bull calves aged 1–4 months; this response is of similar magnitude to that seen in cattle castrated as adults (Odell, Hescox & Kiddy, 1970). In bull calves castrated at birth, however, there is no increase in the plasma concentration of LH until after 28 days of age (Bass, Peterson, Payne & Jarnet, 1977). In other species a range of responses to castration has been reported. Gonadectomy of male guinea-pigs 0–35 days after birth produces an increase in the plasma concentration of LH similar to that observed in guineapigs castrated as adults (Donovan, ter Haar, Lockhart, MacKinnon, Mattock & Peddie, 1975). In contrast, the castration of young male macaques does not cause an immediate increase in the

scholarly journals Glucose-Induced Insulin Hypersecretion in Lipid-Infused Healthy Subjects Is Associated with a Decrease in Plasma Norepinephrine Concentration and Urinary Excretion

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 4901-4907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Magnan ◽  
Céline Cruciani ◽  
Laurence Clément ◽  
Pierre Adnot ◽  
Mylène Vincent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Sympathetic Tone ◽  
Plasma Norepinephrine ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Lipid Infusion ◽  
Hyperglycemic Clamp ◽  
Glucose Injection

We investigated the effect of a 48 h triglyceride infusion on the subsequent insulin secretion in response to glucose in healthy men. We measured the variations in plasma concentration and urinary excretion of catecholamines as an indirect estimation of sympathetic tone. For 48 h, 20 volunteers received a triglyceride/heparin or a saline solution, separated by a 1-month interval. At time 48 h, insulin secretion in response to glucose was investigated by a single iv glucose injection (0.5 g/kg−1) followed by an hyperglycemic clamp (10 mg·kg−1·min−1, during 50 min). The triglyceride infusion resulted in a 3-fold elevation in plasma free fatty acids and an increase in insulin and C-peptide plasma concentrations (1.5- and 2.5-fold, respectively, P &lt; 0.05), compared with saline. At time 48 h of lipid infusion, plasma norepinephrine (NE) concentration and urinary excretion levels were lowered compared with saline (plasma NE: 0.65 ± 0.08 vs. 0.42 ± 0.06 ng/ml, P &lt; 0.05; urinary excretion: 800 ± 70 vs. 620 ± 25 nmol/24 h, P &lt; 0.05). In response to glucose loading, insulin and C-peptide plasma concentrations were higher in lipid compared with saline infusion (plasma insulin: 600 ± 98 vs. 310 ± 45 pm, P &lt; 0.05; plasma C-peptide 3.5 ± 0.2 vs. 1.7 ± 0.2 nm, P &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, in healthy subjects, a 48-h lipid infusion induces basal hyperinsulinemia and exaggerated insulin secretion in response to glucose which may be partly related to a decrease in sympathetic tone.

Plasma Concentrations of Catecholamines in Two Strains of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats at Different Ages

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (s7) ◽  
pp. 199s-202s ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ferrari ◽  
G. B. Picotti ◽  
E. Minotti ◽  
G. P. Bondiolotti ◽  
A. M. Caravaggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Catecholamine ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Plasma Adrenaline ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
Normotensive Strain ◽  
Noradrenaline And Adrenaline

1. Blood pressure was measured and plasma levels of noradrenaline and adrenaline were determined radioenzymatically under basal conditions and after 10% blood volume reduction in blood drawn through catheters previously implanted in young and adult rats of two different genetically hypertensive strains: the Kyoto strain (SHR) and the Milan strain (MHS), and in their respective controls: Wistar—Kyoto strain (WKY) and Milan normotensive strain (MNS). 2. Under basal conditions no differences were observed between plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline levels in SHR and MHS rats and in the controls, at any age. Haemorrhage produced a greater fall in the blood pressure (P &lt; 0.01) of young and adult hypertensive strains (SHR-MHS) than in WKY and MNS rats, and a greater rise in plasma adrenaline (P &lt; 0.01). 3. These results suggest that: (a) there may be differences in involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in the pathogenesis of hypertension in SHR and MHS rats but not such as to cause differences in plasma catecholamine levels in either young or adult rats; (b) haemorrhage activates the sympatho—adrenal systems more in SHR and MHS rats, than in controls, and the greater percentage fall in blood pressure is probably due to a difference in reflex venoconstriction.

Comparison of the feedback effect of magnesium and calcium on parathyroid hormone secretion in man

1987 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Ferment ◽  
P. E. Garnier ◽  
Y. Touitou
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Magnesium Salt ◽  
Saline Injection ◽  
Molar Basis ◽  
Magnesium Salts ◽  
High Doses

ABSTRACT Administration of high doses of magnesium is known to produce a decrease in parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion in human patients but the effect of magnesium on the secretion of PTH in healthy man is not known. We have looked at the effect of a relatively moderate i.v. dose of magnesium (7·08 mmol) in seven healthy men. In addition and for comparison the effect of calcium (4·25 mmol) was studied. Two magnesium salts were considered, magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) and magnesium pyrrolidone carboxylate (MgPC). Four i.v. injections were given at 08.00 h (MgPC, NaCl (control), MgSO4 and Ca gluconate), with an interval of 1 week between each injection. Whatever the magnesium salt the variations in plasma concentrations of magnesium were the same whereas no change in erythrocyte magnesium was observed. Plasma concentration of C-terminal PTH did not show significant variations after MgPC or saline injection. Both MgSO4 and Ca gluconate produced a statistically significant 30% decrease in plasma PTH levels 45 min after the injection. The effect was more sustained with calcium (2 h) than with magnesium (45 min). The urinary excretion of magnesium was significantly higher after injection of MgSO4 than after MgPC. These results suggest (1) that magnesium was, on a molar basis, less potent than calcium in regulating PTH secretion in vivo, (2) that the nature of the magnesium salt used must be kept in mind for the interpretation of the effect of magnesium on PTH secretion in vivo and (3) that the decrease in plasma PTH can partly explain the larger urinary excretion of magnesium after MgSO4 than after MgPC. J. Endocr. (1987) 113, 117–122

Metabolism and urinary excretion kinetics of di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHTP) in three male volunteers after oral dosage

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (7) ◽  
pp. 1659-1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederik Lessmann ◽  
André Schütze ◽  
Tobias Weiss ◽  
Angelika Langsch ◽  
Rainer Otter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Excretion Kinetics ◽  
Male Volunteers ◽  
Kinetics Of
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