ULTRASTRUCTURAL MORPHOMETRY OF SPARSELY GRANULATED PROLACTIN CELL ADENOMAS OF THE HUMAN PITUITARY

1978 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. McComb ◽  
K. Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic Level ◽  
Prolactin Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
Highly Active

ABSTRACT Fifteen sparsely granulated prolactin-producing adenomas and 10 non-tumourous adenohypophyses, removed by surgical hypophysectomy, have been studied using morphometry at the electron microscopic level. Compared to non-tumourous prolactin cells, sparsely granulated adenomatous prolactin cells showed a significant decrease in diameter and volume density of secretory granules and an increased volume density of rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The volume density of mitochondria remained unchanged. These results indicate that the cells of the adenoma are in a highly active functional state. It appears that the equilibrium between hormone synthesis, storage and release is altered in adenomatous prolactin cells.

scholarly journals Electron immunocytochemical localization of enkephalin-like material in catecholamine-containing cells of the carotid body, the adrenal medulla, and in pheochromocytomas of man and other mammals.

1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 682-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
I M Varndell ◽  
F J Tapia ◽  
J De Mey ◽  
R A Rush ◽  
S R Bloom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Medulla ◽  
Carotid Body ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic Level ◽  
Immunocytochemical Localization ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Antibody Technique ◽  
Dopamine Beta Hydroxylase ◽  
Carotid Bodies

Enkephalin-like immunoreactivity has been localized to electron-dense secretory granules of cat and piglet carotid bodies and adrenal medullae, horse adrenal medulla, and also to human adrenal medulla and pheochromocytomas using a gold-labeled antibody technique performed at the electron microscopic level. The same granules were also demonstrated to exhibit dopamine-beta-hydroxylase-like immunoreactivity, which suggests a granular colocalization of amines and peptides in catecholamine-storing cells.

Incidence of non-specific esterase during cleavage of rat ovum

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 544-545
Author(s):  
Pavel Trávník
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Incubation Medium ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic Level ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatases ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Nitrophenyl Phosphate ◽  
E 600

For the study of non-specific esterase on electron microscopic level the method with incubation medium described by Hanker et al. (1972) and modified by Trávník (1977) was used. The object of the study was the 1-,2-,4-,8-cell rat ovum, early and late blastocyst. To differentiate organophosphate sensitive and organophosphate resistant esterases, inhibition by means of diethyl-p-nitrophenyl phosphate (E 600) was used in the concentration of 10μ mol/1. As substrates thionaphthylacetate (TNA) at pH 7 and thioacetoxybenzanilide (TAB) at pH 5.6 were used.Distinct activity of organophosphate sensitive esterase has been proved in aggregations of vesicles and tubules of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (Fig. 1). In the course of cleavage the total organophosphate sensitive activity is reduced together with the decrease in the amount of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. In our opinion the aggregations of vesicles of smooth endoplasmic reticulum represent the site of reserve of hydrolytic enzymes synthetized during oogenesis, as a similar trend has been observed also in acid and alkaline phosphatases (astná 1977, 1978).

scholarly journals Immunocytochemical localization of renin in the submandibular gland of the mouse.

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 855-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Gresik ◽  
A Michelakis ◽  
T Barka ◽  
T Ross
Keyword(s):  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Adult Mouse ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic Level ◽  
Light Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Granular Convoluted Tubule ◽  
Enzyme Method ◽  
Unlabeled Antibody

Renin was localized in the submandibular gland of the adult mouse at light and electron microscopic levels by the unlabeled antibody enzyme method of Sternberger. At the light microscopic level, renin was confined to the granular convoluted tubule (GCT) segment of the gland with considerable variation among GCT cells in intensity of staining. Some GCT cells failed to stain for renin. The pattern of staining was the same in the gland of male and female mice, but in the glands of females GCT segments were smaller and less numerous. At the electron microscopic level, staining for renin was also confined to the GCT cells, and was localized exclusively to the secretory granules. The intensity of staining of the secretory granules within a given GCT cell varied; some cells contained only minimally reactive or negative secretory granules. All other organelles within the GCT cell, except condensing vacuoles, failed to stain.

A simplified method of emulsion coating and development for quantitative electron microscopic radioautography

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-65
Author(s):  
K. Yoshida ◽  
F. Murata ◽  
S. Ohno ◽  
T. Nagata
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Identical Condition ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Complicated Process ◽  
Critical Problems ◽  
Electron Microscopic Radioautography ◽  
Quantitative Radioautography

IntroductionSeveral methods of mounting emulsion for radioautography at the electron microscopic level have been reported. From the viewpoint of quantitative radioautography, however, there are many critical problems in the procedure to produce radioautographs. For example, it is necessary to apply and develop emulsions in several experimental groups under an identical condition. Moreover, it is necessary to treat a lot of grids at the same time in the dark room for statistical analysis. Since the complicated process and technical difficulties in these procedures are inadequate to conduct a quantitative analysis of many radioautographs at once, many factors may bring about unexpected results. In order to improve these complicated procedures, a simplified dropping method for mass production of radioautographs under an identical condition was previously reported. However, this procedure was not completely satisfactory from the viewpoint of emulsion homogeneity. This paper reports another improved procedure employing wire loops.

X-Ray Microanalysis of Nickel and Cobalt Intensified Peroxidase- Antiperoxidase For Verification of Reaction Sites

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 468-469
Author(s):  
A. Angel ◽  
K. Miller ◽  
V. Seybold ◽  
R. Kriebel
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Insoluble Polymer ◽  
Cytochemical Reaction

Localization of specific substances at the ultrastructural level is dependent on the introduction of chemicals which will complex and impart an electron density at specific reaction sites. Peroxidase-antiperoxidase(PAP) methods have been successfully applied at the electron microscopic level. The PAP complex is localized by addition of its substrate, hydrogen peroxide and an electron donor, usually diaminobenzidine(DAB). On oxidation, DAB forms an insoluble polymer which is able to chelate with osmium tetroxide becoming electron dense. Since verification of reactivity is visual, discrimination of reaction product from osmiophillic structures may be difficult. Recently, x-ray microanalysis has been applied to examine cytochemical reaction precipitates, their distribution in tissues, and to study cytochemical reaction mechanisms. For example, immunoreactive sites labelled with gold have been ascertained by means of x-ray microanalysis.

scholarly journals Murine endodermal cytokeratins Endo A and Endo B are localized in the same intermediate filament.

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 785-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
W E Howe ◽  
F G Klier ◽  
R G Oshima
Keyword(s):  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Intermediate Filament ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Cytoskeletal Proteins ◽  
Electron Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Double Label ◽  
Secondary Antibodies ◽  
Endodermal Cells ◽  
20 Nm

The intracellular distribution of extra-embryonic endodermal, cytoskeletal proteins A (Endo A) and B (Endo B) was investigated by double-label immunofluorescent microscopy and double-label immunoelectron microscopy. In parietal endodermal cells, the immunofluorescent distribution of Endo B was always coincident with that of Endo A and could be distinguished from vimentin, particularly at the periphery of the cell. At the electron microscopic level, antibodies against both Endo A and Endo B recognized both bundles and individual intermediate filaments. Double-label immunoelectron microscopy was achieved by use of two sizes of colloidal gold particles (5 nm and 20 nm) that were stabilized with secondary antibodies. These results show that Endo A and B are found in the same intermediate filament and probably co-polymerize to form such structures.

scholarly journals FIXATION OF NEURAL TISSUES FOR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY BY PERFUSION WITH SOLUTIONS OF OSMIUM TETROXIDE

1962 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanford L. Palay ◽  
S. M. McGee-Russell ◽  
Spencer Gordon ◽  
Mary A. Grillo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Vascular Perfusion ◽  
Neural Tissues ◽  
Structural Relations ◽  
Cellular Components

This paper describes in detail a method for obtaining nearly uniform fixation of the nervous system by vascular perfusion with solutions of osmium tetroxide. Criteria are given for evaluating the degree of success achieved in the preservation of all the cellular components of the nervous system. The method permits analysis of the structural relations between cells at the electron microscopic level to an extent that has not been possible heretofore.

scholarly journals A New Method to Enhance Contrast of Ultrathin Cryosections for Immunoelectron Microscopy

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiro Takizawa ◽  
Clark L. Anderson ◽  
John M. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Staining Method ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
New Method ◽  
Electron Microscopic Level ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Immunocytochemical Localization ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Morphological Detail ◽  
Ultrathin Cryosections

Adequate contrast of ultrathin cryosections is crucial for evaluating morphological detail to assess immunocytochemical localization at the electron microscopic level. We have developed a positive staining method for achieving contrast in ultrathin cryosections, from tissue fixed only in paraformaldehyde, that provides excellent contrast at the electron microscopic level.

scholarly journals Lymphocyte Lysosomes and Lysosomal Enzymes in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Blood ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D. Douglas ◽  
Georg Cohnen ◽  
Erika KÖnig ◽  
GÜnter Brittinger
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Lysosomal Enzymes ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Electron Microscopic Level ◽  
Acid Hydrolase ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Biochemical Studies ◽  
Cell Profile

Abstract Electron microscopic cytochemical and biochemical studies of lysosomal markers have been performed in unstimulated normal and chronic lymphotic leukemia (CLL) lymphocytes. Decreased activities of the lysosomal enzymes acid phosphatase and β-glucuronidase but not of the nonlysosomal enzyme malate dehydrogenase were observed in CLL lymphocytes as compared to normal cells. At the electron microscopic level, the number of membrane-bounded acid phosphatase-positive organelles was diminished in CLL cells. (Average 1.07 per cell profile in normal cells and 0.17 in CLL lymphocytes). The findings indicate that the diminution of acid hydrolase activities in CLL lymphocytes is most likely due to a reduced number of lysosomes, rather than to a diminished enzyme content of these organelles.

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