THYROID HORMONE FORMATION IN ECTOPIC THYROID GLAND

1978 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 728-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Matsumoto ◽  
Etsuro Ogata ◽  
Michiko Yamamoto ◽  
Yuji Aiyoshi ◽  
Shigenobu Nagataki
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hormone Formation ◽  
Serum Tsh

ABSTRACT Several steps of thyroid hormogenesis were studied on a subhyoid ectopic thyroid tissue in a case of compensated hypothyroidism with simultaneous sublingual and subhyoid ectopic thyroid. The patient, a 19-year-old girl, had normal values for serum T4, T3U and T3, and an elevated serum TSH level. The thyroidal 131I uptake was elevated both at 3 h and 24 h after oral 131I intake. No significant discharge of radioiodine was observed after perchlorate load. On the thyroid biopsy specimen, peroxidase activity was shown to be normal by both assays of guaiacol oxidizing and iodinating activity. Thyroglobulin was 19S and was normally iodinated in vitro with peroxidase. Iodine content of thyroglobulin was within the normal range. The mean percentage distribution of 131I administered 7 days prior to the biopsy showed no significant difference from the normal pattern. From these studies, no specific defects in thyroid hormogenesis could be detected in this case. It is suggested that abnormalities in thyroid function in this case are mainly due to insufficient functioning mass in the ectopic thyroid.

SERUM THYROTROPHIN AND THE RESPONSE TO THYROTROPHIN RELEASING HORMONE IN SYMPTOMLESS AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS AND IN BORDERLINE AND OVERT HYPOTHYROIDISM

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gordin ◽  
P. Saarinen ◽  
R. Pelkonen ◽  
B.-A. Lamberg
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Serum Tsh

ABSTRACT Serum thyrotrophin (TSH) was determined by the double-antibody radioimmunoassay in 58 patients with primary hypothyroidism and was found to be elevated in all but 2 patients, one of whom had overt and one clinically borderline hypothyroidism. Six (29%) out of 21 subjects with symptomless autoimmune thyroiditis (SAT) had an elevated serum TSH level. There was little correlation between the severity of the disease and the serum TSH values in individual cases. However, the mean serum TSH value in overt hypothyroidism (93.4 μU/ml) was significantly higher than the mean value both in clinically borderline hypothyroidism (34.4 μU/ml) and in SAT (8.8 μU/ml). The response to the thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) was increased in all 39 patients with overt or borderline hypothyroidism and in 9 (43 %) of the 21 subjects with SAT. The individual TRH response in these two groups showed a marked overlap, but the mean response was significantly higher in overt (149.5 μU/ml) or clinically borderline hypothyroidism (99.9 μU/ml) than in SAT (35.3 μU/ml). Thus a normal basal TSH level in connection with a normal response to TRH excludes primary hypothyroidism, but nevertheless not all patients with elevated TSH values or increased responses to TRH are clinically hypothyroid.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Different Local Anesthetic Solutions Available in Market: An In Vitro and Clinical Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eisha Imran ◽  
Faisal Moeen ◽  
Beenish Abbas ◽  
Bakhtawar Yaqoob ◽  
Mehreen Wajahat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Similar Composition ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Objectives The study aimed to evaluate and compare various commercially available local anesthetic solutions. Materials and Methods A total of 150 commercially available local anesthetic cartridges of similar composition (2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000) were randomly collected and divided into 3 groups. The designations of groups were selected from their product names such that each group consisted of 60 cartridges. Group S (Septodont, France) Group M (Medicaine, Korea) and Group H (HD-Caine, Pakistan). The samples were divided into five sub-groups, each consisting of 10 cartridges from each group to investigate each parameter. Results The acquired data was statistically analyzed and compared (using SPSS version 12). Compositional analysis revealed a non-significant (P>0.05) difference when the three Groups were compared with standard lidocaine and epinephrine solutions. The mean pH values of samples from group S, M and H respectively fell within the range of pH values of commercially available solutions. Non-significant difference in EPT values of Group S and H was found when efficacy was compared (p = 0.3), however a significant difference (p < 0.01) was observed in contrast to Group M. Anti-bacterial activity was observed in all the group and a non-significant difference in cell viability values of Group S and M was found (p = 0.6), while the difference was significant in comparison to Group H. Conclusion Within the limitations of these investigations, it appears that the properties of different manufacturers fall within the recommended ranges as mentioned in literature and do not appear to be statistically different in the variables we have tested.

Surface culture of Steinernema sp. on two solid media and their pathogenicity against Galleria mellonella

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.I. Cortés-Martínez ◽  
A.I. Rodríguez-Hernández ◽  
M.R. López-Cuellar ◽  
N. Chavarría-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Infective Juvenile ◽  
Surface Culture ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bacterial Lawn ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The use of native entomopathogenic nematodes as biocontrol agents is a strategy to decrease the environmental impact of insecticides and achieve sustainable agriculture crops. In this study, the effect of the surface culture of Steinernema sp. JAP1 over two solid media at 23–27°C on infective juvenile (IJ) production and pathogenicity against Galleria mellonella larvae were investigated. First, the bacterial lawn on the surface of the media with egg yolk (P2) or chicken liver (Cl) were incubated in darkness at 30°C for 48 and 72 h, and 100 surface-sterilized IJs were added. Four harvests were conducted within the next 35 days and the mean accumulated production was superior on Cl (210 × 103 IJs) than on P2 (135 × 103 IJs), but the productivity decreased up to 10% when the incubation time of the bacterial lawn was of 72 h. The mean pathogenicity of in vitro- and in vivo-produced IJs were of 47–64% and 31%, respectively. It is worth noting that none of the two solid media had a statistically significant difference in IJ pathogenicity. Considering that the maximum multiplication factor of IJs on solid media was 2108 and that the pathogenicity against G. mellonella was outstanding, Steinernema sp. has a good potential for in vitro mass production.

scholarly journals Iodine and iodothyronine content in human neonate thyroid gland

2002 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Savin-Zegarac ◽  
Dubravka Cvejic ◽  
Olgica Nedic ◽  
R. Radosavljevic ◽  
Ivana Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Total Iodine ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Human Neonate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Human Neonates

A few years after the iodine content of salt in Serbia was increased from 7 to 15 mg/kg NaCI, iodine, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were measured in thyroid tissue obtained at autopsy from 21 human neonates who died within 30 days after birth. The thyroidal iodine as well as T4 and T3 content per gland in?creased progressively with gestational age of human neonates (r = 0.73, 0.70 and 0.67 respectively, p < 0.001). In seven newborns (gestational age 36 to 41 weeks) the mean values for total iodine, T4 and T3 per gland were 109.1 ?g, 52.2 ?g and 4.4 ?g respectively. The results of iodine and iodothyroninc content found in neonatal thyroid gland, particularly at the end of gestation and a few days of postnatal life, indicates that the iodine supply was satisfactory.

Evaluation of Renal Function and Plasma Osmolality among Covid-19 Patients in Sudan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3576-3578
Author(s):  
Shomos A. Mubarak ◽  
Alneel A. A. Alameen ◽  
Husham O. Elzein ◽  
Mohamed Siddig Ibrahim ◽  
Maha B. Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Serum Osmolality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Objective: COVID-19 is a very serious disease and is considered a pandemic by the WHO. The aim of this study is to determine the renal function and serum osmolality among COVID-19 patients in Khartoum state, Sudan. Method: This is retrospective study was conducted in Gebra Hospital, Khartoum state, Sudan from April 2021 to August 2021. The study enrolled 50 patients with Covid-19 and 50 healthy individuals as a control group. After all the enrolled participants signed the informed consent the samples were analyzed for Creatinine, Urea, Sodium, and potassium. By using an A25 fully automated chemistry analyzer, and serum Osmolality (mOsm / kg) was calculated according to Smithline and Gardner formula. Results: The study revealed a significant increase of the mean of Urea (P.value = 0.001), Creatinine (P.value = 0.001), however significant decrease in the mean of e GFR (P.value<0.05) on the first day of the admission. There was a significant increase in the mean of plasma Urea, Creatinine, and eGFR on the 7th day of admission when compared with the first day, P.value = (0.0001), (0.001), (0.001), respectively. The study revealed a significant difference in plasma Osmolality in COVID-19 patients (280.73 ±16.10 mOsm/kg) when compared with the control group (288.13 ±3.42 mOsm/kg), P.value = 0.0. Conclusion: COVID-19 does not affect only the lungs; it can also affect the kidney. This study concluded that there were an elevated serum creatinine, blood urea, and low glomerular filtration, and there was a significant difference in serum osmolality in COVID- 19 than in the healthy group. Keywords: COVID -19; Serum Osmolality; eGFR; Renal function; Sudan.

Colorimetric Method for Rapid Determination of Serum Arginase

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 900-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitta Mellerup
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Clinical Routine ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Enzymatic Formation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Men

Abstract A method for the determination of serum arginase is given which combines the enzymatic formation of urea with the sensitive method of Coulombe (1) for measuring this substance. This procedure allows more accurate determinations in the normal range than do previous methods described and is convenient for clinical routine. Significant difference is found between the mean values of normal men and women, 3.9 units/L. for the former and 2.9 units/L. for the latter.

scholarly journals Effect of Hyaluronan on Developmental Competence and Quality of Oocytes and Obtained Blastocysts fromIn VitroMaturation of Bovine Oocytes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Opiela ◽  
Joanna Romanek ◽  
Daniel Lipiński ◽  
Zdzisław Smorąg
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Nuclear Maturation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bovine Oocytes

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of hyaluronan (HA) during IVM on meiotic maturation, embryonic development, and the quality of oocytes, granulosa cells (GC), and obtained blastocysts. COCs were maturedin vitroin control medium and medium with additional 0.035% or 0.07% of exogenous HA. The meiotic maturity did not differ between the analysed groups. The best rate and the highest quality of obtained blastocysts were observed when 0.07% HA was used. A highly significant difference (P<0.001) was noted in the mean number of apoptotic nuclei per blastocyst and in the DCI between the 0.07% HA and the control blastocysts (P<0.01). Our results suggest that addition of 0.035% HA and 0.07% HA to oocyte maturation media does not affect oocyte nuclear maturation and DNA fragmentation. However, the addition of 0.07% HA during IVM decreases the level of blastocysts DNA fragmentation. Finally, our results suggest that it may be risky to increase the HA concentration during IVM above 0.07% as we found significantly higherBaxmRNA expression levels in GC cultured with 0.07% HA. The final concentration of HA being supplemented to oocyte maturation media is critical for the success of the IVP procedure.

Urinary Steroids in Depressive Illness

1971 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Balfour Sclare ◽  
J. K. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Depressive Patients ◽  
Source Of Information

A longitudinal study of urinary 17-OHCS in 16 depressive patients showed mean values within the accepted normal range. There were no significant differences between pre-treatment and post-treatment values; only the female patients showed a tendency to have somewhat lower post-treatment levels. 17-KS output was measured in 18 depressive patients. The mean values were within the normal range. There was no significant difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment values although the female patients displayed a tendency towards somewhat lower levels following treatment. DHA and EA excretion were measured in 9 depressive patients. There was a very wide variance in the findings. There was no significant difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment levels. The significance of the above findings is discussed. It is considered that measurements of urinary excretion of corticosteroids in affective disorders constitute a limited source of information.

Milk yield and mammary function in dairy cows milked four times daily

1990 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Eric Hillerton ◽  
Christopher H. Knight ◽  
Alan Turvey ◽  
Stephen D. Wheatley ◽  
Colin J. Wilde
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Milk Protein Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Milking Frequency ◽  
Rate Of Decline

SummaryGroups of lactating cows and heifers were milked four times daily in two diagonally opposed glands for 4 weeks, and the effects on milk yield studied relative to twice-daily milked glands as controls. Mammary enzyme activities, in vitro synthesis rates of milk constituents and histological scoring were determined in mammary biopsy samples obtained at the end of this period. These were used for assessment of mammary function. Frequent milking increased milk yield only in the treated glands, the contralateral control glands continuing to decline in yield at ~ 2%/week. There was no significant difference in response between cows and heifers; the mean increase in yield was 10·4%. The rate of decline in milk yield tended to decrease with frequent milking, to ~ 1%/week. Consequently the yield of the treated glands continued to be elevated above that of the controls for some time after reversion to overall twice daily milking. Milk protein content was increased slightly by frequent milking. Mammary enzyme activities were ~ 18% higher in the treated glands than in the controls. Synthesis rates of lactose, casein and total protein were unaffected by milking frequency, but were all lower in the gland selected for the second biopsy, reflecting the reduction in milk yield caused by the first biopsy. DNA synthesis was increased by milking frequency, as were the size and number of epithelial cells in histological sections.

Effect of Different Intermediary Bases on Microleakage of a Restorative Material in Class II Box Cavities of Primary Teeth

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faika Y. Abdelmegid ◽  
Fouad S. Salama ◽  
Waleed M. Al-Mutairi ◽  
Saud K. Al-Mutairi ◽  
Sultan O. Baghazal
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Introduction The aim of this in vitro study was to assess and compare the effect of different intermediary bases on microleakage between tooth and a nanocomposite interface in Class II box cavities in primary teeth. Methods Standard Class II box cavities were prepared in 52 primary molars and randomly divided into 9 groups according to the intermediary base used (Multicore Flow, Fuji II LC, SDR, Smart Dentin Replacement, and Biodentine). All specimens were subjected to thermocycling and prepared for microleakage testing and evaluation. Results There was significant difference in the mean ranks of microleakage between the 9 groups, which was observed in the gingival side (p<0.0001) and the occlusal side (p<0.0001). The mean ranks microleakage was significantly higher with experimental SDR, experimental Multicore Flow, and positive control materials when compared with the other 6 groups. The microleakage mean ranks were statistically significantly lower in experimental Fuji II LC, experimental Biodentine, and all negative control groups when compared with the other 3 groups. Conclusions Microleakage is affected by the application of intermediate material. Experimental Biodentine and Fuji II LC showed the lowest microleakage while experimental SDR and experimental Multicore Flow showed the highest microleakage.

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