SOMATOMEDIN PRODUCTION IN NORMAL ADULTS AND CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS

1977 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Schimpff ◽  
D. Lebrec ◽  
M. Donnadieu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Hepatic Blood Flow ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Normal Adults

ABSTRACT The somatomedin (SM) activity was measured in blood samples withdrawn simultaneously from hepatic (HV) and peripheral (PV) veins in 10 adult patients without liver disease (control group) and in 18 alcoholic patients with cirrhosis. SM activity in the control group was 1.27 ± 0.18 U/ml (mean ± sem) in the HV and 1.00 ± 0.17 U/ml in the PV. In patients with cirrhosis the SM activity was respectively 0.50 ± 0.05 and 0.56 ± 0.06 U/ml. SM activity was greater in the normal subjects than in the cirrhotic patients (P < 0.001 when SM activity measured in the HV, and P < 0.01 when measured in the PV). Close examination of the means of differences of SM activity between the HV and PV, showed that the differences were significantly different from 0 in control only (P < 0.02). At least, this difference (0.275 ± 0.093 U/ml) is greater (P < 0.01) than the one observed in cirrhotic patients (0.066 ± 0.036 U/ml). In 16 subjects, the hepatic blood flow was measured, and the mean hepatic SM activity production was estimated to be 398 ± 334 U/min in 6 subjects from the control group, and 16 U/min in 10 patients with cirrhosis. The difference is significant (P < 0.01). The relationship between SM activity, biochemical liver function parameters, hepatic blood flow and immunoreactive growth hormone were also studied. The results confirm that the liver is involved in serum somatomedin activity generation.

scholarly journals Urine CA-2 as a biomarker for diagnosis urinary stone and prediction of its complications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-jing Leng ◽  
Hai-bin Zhou ◽  
Jiang-ling Fu ◽  
Wen-juan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract PURPOSECarbonic anhydrase-2 (CA-2) plays a role in mineralization and calcification in organism. Strong evidence suggests that CA-2 is associated with urolithiasis. However, the relationship between CA-2 and urinary stone remains unclear. The study aimed to assess the association of urine CA-2 (uCA-2) level and the potential risk of urinary stone.METHODSFrom March 2017 to November 2019, a prospective cohort study was conducted on patients with urinary stones and healthy subjects to determine the pretreatment uCA-2 level detection by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The difference of uCA-2 level between patients with urinary stones and healthy subjects was compared. Then comparison between stone patients with complications and without complications was carried out as well as correlation analysis to detect factors associated with biomarker expression.RESULTS118 patients with urinary stones were into urinary stones group and 42 healthy subjects were into healthy control group. The mean pretreatment uCA-2 level was significantly higher in patients with urinary stones group than healthy controls group (P=0.028). Furthermore, The uCA-2 level was positive correlation with urinary stones complications (R=0.379, P=0.000), especially pain complications (R=0.524, P=0.000) and hematuria complications (R=0.374, P=0.000). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis that a uCA-2 level threshold of 10.94 ng/mL had 83.67% sensitivity and 68.12% specificity for predicting urinary stones complications. CONCLUSIONSExcessive uCA-2 excretion is a major risk factor for urinary stone. Our findings suggested that uCA-2 may be used as an unappreciated biomarker for the diagnosis urinary stone in patients and to predict its complications.

The Effect of Waking Suggestion on Post-Hypnotic Amnesia

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Fourie
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hypnotic Susceptibility ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Female Subjects

It is increasingly realized that hypnosis may be seen from an interpersonal point of view, meaning that it forms part of the relationship between the hypnotist and the subject. From this premise it follows that what goes on in the relationship prior to hypnosis probably has an influence on the hypnosis. Certain of these prior occurences can then be seen as waking suggestionns (however implicitly given) that the subject should behave in a certain way with regard to the subsequent hypnosis. A study was conducted to test the hypothesis that waking suggestions regarding post-hypnotic amnesia are effective. Eighteen female subjects were randomly divided into two groups. The groups listened to a tape-recorded talk on hypnosis in which for the one group amnesia for the subsequent hypnotic experience and for the other group no such amnesia was suggested. Thereafter the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale was administered to all subjects. Only the interrogation part of the amnesia item of the scale was administered. The subjects to whom post-hypnotic amnesia was suggested tended to score lower on the amnesia item than the other subjects, as was expected, but the difference between the mean amnesia scores of the two groups was not significant.

Utility of EEG as Diagnostic and Tarapeutic Approach in Examiners in Forensic Population-prevention of Criminal Recidiv

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
V. Talevska
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Forensic Population ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eeg Changes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Aims:To define the importance for the difference between the EEG in patients with criminal behavior and in control group. To examine the relationship between the EEG of the patients with criminal behavior and diagnosis as well as the prompt registration of EEG changes.Material and methods:158 EEG investigations examined at the Psychiatric Hospital in Demir Hisar for 24 months with aggressive and criminal behavior.Results and discussion:In men normal EEG (69.44%) prevails. The means age of patients in examiner group with abnormal EEG is significant higher from the means age in patient's with normal EEG. There was the significant difference between normal and abnormal EEG and the diagnoses. There is not significant difference between the patient's behavior and EEG, and there was significant difference between EEG and its criminal factor. There was not relation between EEG and the patient's sex in control group. The difference between the means age (37.73 god.) in control group with abnormal EEG and the mean age of patients with normal EEG is significant. There was not significant relation between EEG and patient's diagnosis of control group. There was not connection between patient's behavior and EEG in control group. There was significant difference between EEG in examiner group and in control group.Conclusion:There was significant difference between EEG in control and in examiner group.Suggested measures:Easily diagnosis providing of psychiatric disorders with aggressive and criminal behavior with EEG -help and safety measures at examiners with criminal behavior.

scholarly journals Passive Periodontal Sensation Threshold of Upper Molars in Patients with Myofascial Pain

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1012-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsutoshi Hirata ◽  
Seiya Kato ◽  
Acing Habibie Mude ◽  
Kazuhiro Oki ◽  
Tadashi Matsunaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Myofascial Pain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tooth Axis ◽  
The Relationship

Background and Objective: The relationship between periodontal sensation and Myofascial Pain (MP) is not yet fully clarified. The aim of this study was to test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in the periodontal sensation threshold between subjects with MP and subjects with no Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD). Methods: Participants have clinically assessed in accordance with the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders version 1.0 guidelines and assigned to the MP group (mean age 54.8 ± 14.8 years; 1 male and 11 females) or the control group (mean age: 63.9 ± 13.2 years; 1 male and 15 females). The Passive Periodontal Sensation Threshold (PPST) was evaluated using impulsive mechanical stimulation on the occlusal surface parallel to the tooth axis of the maxillary first molar, if present. The difference in the mean PPST between the MP group and the control group was evaluated using the Student t-test after checking for homoscedasticity. Results: The mean PPST value was 1050.1 ± 480.3 mN in the MP group and 712.3 ± 288.5 mN in the control group. A significant difference was observed between these mean PPST values (p = 0.045). Conclusion: There was a significant difference in PPST between the MP group and the control group. Although the etiology of the change of PPST is still unknown, the higher PPST value observed in MP patients suggests that future study on occlusal dysesthesia or occlusal sensation-related pathosis is warranted.

scholarly journals Bi-caudate ratio as a MRI marker of white matter atrophy in multiple sclerosis and ischemic leukocencephalopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dena Serag ◽  
Eman Ragab
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Linear Measurement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Imaging Science ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background Brain atrophy measurement is now a cornerstone in basic neuro-imaging science. While assessment of white matter atrophy by visual inspection is subjective, volumetric approaches are time-consuming and not often feasible. Bi-caudate ratio represents a linear surrogate parameter of brain volume that can be derived from standard imaging sequences. This study highlights the value of the bi-caudate ratio (BCR) as a MRI marker of white matter atrophy in patients with multiple sclerosis and ischemic leukoencephalopathy and set a cut-off value to differentiate between patients with white matter atrophy and normal subjects. Results A total of 115 patients (54 males and 61 females) diagnosed with white matter leukoencephalopathy (MS in 51 patients and ischemic leukoencephalopathy in 64 patients) were included. Another group of 60 subjects with a normal white matter signal was recruited as a control group. BCR for the patient group ranged from 0.13 to 0.27 (mean (± SD) = 0.16 ± 0.02), while for the control group, it ranged from 0.05 mm to 0.13 (mean (± SD) = 0.09 ± 0.01). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P value < 0.001). A cut-off value of 0.13 was used to differentiate between the BCR in both patients and control groups with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 99.2%, 100%, and 99%, respectively. The difference in BCR for patients diagnosed with MS and ischemic leukoencephalopathy was also statistically significant (P value < 0.001). Conclusion The bi-caudate ratio represents a linear measurement of subcortical atrophy that can be useful as a surrogate marker of global supra-tentorial white matter atrophy instead of the usually performed visual and therefore subjective assessment. It is an easily obtained measure that can be performed without complex time-consuming volumetric studies. Our findings also revealed that the BCR is higher in patients with ischemic leukoencephalopathy than in patients with MS.

scholarly journals Review of Academic Dishonesty among College Students

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Zolfaghari
Keyword(s):  
Academic Dishonesty ◽  
English Language ◽  
Academic Environment ◽  
Language Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Basic English ◽  
The Relationship

<p>Cheating and academic dishonesty is a moral anomaly in the field of scientific research and reflecting, i.e., academic environment and studies show that this phenomenon in many of the worlds is important problem.</p><p>This study measured the dishonesty of students in a quasi-experimental design. For this purpose, features lack of integrity by manipulating the facts were examined and meanwhile first, basic English language test coordination between the strict terms of the 280 students come to practice and after correction of examination papers by teachers, without leaving any traces on them instead, the plates are returned to students and provide them with answers to their paper to correct their score Master announced. The difference between the actual score (score of master) and score of the students to have their own, amount of honesty or lack of integrity appointed them and its relationship with some demographic and socio-ethical characteristics have been studied.</p><p>The results showed that more than 62 percent of the students in your grade to master completely honest with 26.6 percent have low honesty and the rest did not have the necessary integrity and the mean difference of scores announced by the professors and students have been about two score. Also results of chi-square tests and gamma, about the relationship between students’ evaluation of amount of sincerity with sincerity in the declared objective amount of the master score was not significant, this finding means that between demonstrators and people of integrity and honesty in practice, there are gaps.</p>

Renal glomerular filtration rate and hepatic blood flow during voluntary diving in Weddell seals

1983 ◽  
Vol 245 (5) ◽  
pp. R743-R748 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Davis ◽  
M. A. Castellini ◽  
G. L. Kooyman ◽  
R. Maue
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Hepatic Blood Flow ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Hepatic Function ◽  
Inulin Clearance ◽  
Weddell Seals ◽  
Icg Clearance ◽  
The Mean

Renal and hepatic function were studied during voluntary dives in Weddell seals by measuring the clearance rate of inulin and indocyanine green (ICG). Inulin is cleared exclusively by the kidneys and measures renal glomerular filtration rate (GFR). ICG is cleared by the liver and is blood flow dependent at concentrations used. Studies were conducted from a portable hut with a trapdoor placed over an isolated hole in the sea ice near McMurdo Station, Antarctica. An intravertebral extradural catheter was inserted percutaneously under light anesthesia in subadult seals weighing 130-200 kg. When released into the ice hole, the seals made voluntary dives, but always had to return to breathe. Serial blood samples were taken after single injections of inulin and ICG and analyzed within 24 h. The mean half time (t 1/2) for inulin clearance while resting at the surface was 27.3 +/- 13.0 min (n = 43) and the mean t 1/2 for ICG clearance was 18.3 +/- 7.3 min (n = 23). The mean resting GFR was 3.6 ml X min-1 X kg-1 (range 3.2-3.9, n = 3). Inulin and ICG clearance rates did not change from resting levels during dives shorter than the seal's aerobic dive limit (ADL). Inulin clearance decreased over 90% during dives longer than the ADL, but there was no significant reduction in ICG clearance during dives lasting up to 23 min. It appears that normal renal GFR and hepatic blood flow continue during natural aerobic dives. During dives that exceed the ADL, GFR is reduced but hepatic blood flow may be maintained.

scholarly journals Retinomotor movements in the Antarctic fish Trematomus newnesi Boulenger submitted to different environmental light conditions

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucélia Donatti ◽  
Edith Fanta
Keyword(s):  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Antarctic Fish ◽  
Constant Darkness ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Environmental Light ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
The Antarctic

The Antarctic fish Trematomus newnesi (Boulenger, 1902) occurs from benthic to pelagic habitats, in seasonally and daily varied photic conditions that induce retinomotor movements. Fish were experimentally kept under constant darkness or light, and 12Light/12Dark for seven days. The retinomotor movement of the pigment epithelium was established through the pigment index, while that of the cones was calculated as the length of the myoid. The retinomotor movement of the pigment epithelium in T.newnesi,revealed that the adaptation to constant light occurred in the one hour of exposure, remaining constant for the next seven days. However, the adaptation to constant darkness, was slower. The difference between the mean values of the pigment indices in the time intervals of sampling was significant in the first hours of the experiment, and only after six hours they were not significant any more. The myoid of cones became elongated in darkness and contracted in light. In the experiments where T.newnesiwas exposed initially to 12 hours light followed by 12 hours darkness 12 was evidenced that the speed and intensity of the retinomotor movements was higher when darkness changed into light, than when light changed into darkness.

scholarly journals True and Pseudo Cholinesterase levels in short and long-term of pesticides exposures

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abdul Rahman ◽  
Raghunatha Rao D ◽  
Vasantha L
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Serum Cholinesterase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Chronic Poisoning ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

The present study is aimed to study and analyze the true and pseudo Cholinesterase levels in the subjects exposed to pesticides during short term by intentional or accidental intake and long term exposure due to their occupation were studied at Department of Biochemistry, SVS medical college and hospital mahbubnagar district. Whole blood cholinesterase levels and Pseudo cholinesterase levels were estimated. 150 people were taken as controls who had no medical illness and a total number of 300 cases of pesticide poisoning were selected, aged between 20 to 55 years, which consist of 150 acute poisoning and 150 chronic poisoning subjects in Mahbubnagar district, were taken as case study, the detailed case history and the type of organophosphorus pesticide taken were recorded. Mean and standard deviation (S.D) of all variables were calculated and compared with those of controls. Statistical significance was assessed and P-value <0.05 were considered significant.           During acute poisoning the mean value of Whole blood cholinesterase/True cholinesterase (U / L) in acute poisoning cases on first day was 1.267± 0.612 on 3th day was 1.651±0.647, on 7th day was 2.221±0.684 and at the end of 6 months was 3.970±0.404.The difference between the study group and control group (4.0 ± 0.39) was found to be statistically significant in1st, 3rd, 7th day but not significant at the end of 6 months. The mean value of serum cholinesterase/pseudo cholinesterase (U/L) in acute poisoning cases on first day was 2213.05 ± 1749.81, on 3th day was 2862.3 ± 2025.6, on 7th day was 4008.4 ± 2355.9 and at the end of 6 months was 7708.34 ± 880.72.The difference between the study group and control group (7991.97 ± 1276.5) was found to be statistically significant in1st, 3rd, 7th day but not significant at the end of 6 months. During chronic poisoning (exposure) the mean value of Whole blood cholinesterase (U/L) in controls is 4.0 ± 0.39 as compared to 3.019 ± 0.848 in cases of chronic poisoning. The difference between the study group and control group was found to be statistically significant. The mean value of serum cholinesterase/pseudo cholinesterase (U/L) in controls was 7991.97 ± 1276.5 as compared to 6214 ± 1189 in cases of chronic poisoning. The difference between the study group and control group was found to be statistically significant.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MODEL COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN LAY-UP SHOOT BOLA BASKET

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davi Sofyan
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Student Teams ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

The purpose of this study was to determine how much influence the cooperative learning model type student team's achievement division has on basketball shoot lay-up skills. The research method used in this research is a quasi-experimental method. The type of research design used was the non-equivalent group design. The population in this study were students of class XI SMA Negeri 1 Majalengka in 2019 totaling 424 students. The sampling technique used in this study was cluster random sampling technique. The sample in this study amounted to 214 students consisting of class XI IPS 1-4 and XI MIPA 7-8. The experimental group class XI IPS 1-2 and XI MIPA, control group class XI IPS 3-4 and XI MIPA 8. The results showed that the mean pre-test lay-up shoot of the experimental group was 4.09 while the control group was 3.92. The mean post-test shoot lay-up of the experimental group was 6.76 while the control group was 4.72. Furthermore, by looking at 95% confidence interval of the difference, there is a difference between the shoot lay-up results of the experimental group and the control group, which is -0.190 to 2.412. Thus, it can be concluded that STAD is effective in improving basketball shoot lay-up skills.

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