PITUITARY-THYROID INTERRELATIONSHIP IN RATS EXPOSED TO DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURES

1976 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Tal ◽  
Reuben Chayoth ◽  
Uriel Zor ◽  
Gideon Goldhaber ◽  
Avi Zerachie
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
Environmental Temperatures ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT The present work intended to show interrelationships between triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and cyclic adenosine 3′5′-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) in both the pituitary and the thyroid. Experiments were carried out on animals exposed to 0 and 37°C for 4 days and to 34°C for 21 days. Control animals were maintained at 22°C. T4 serum levels of 2.6, 4.0, 1.1 and 0.42 μg/100 ml serum, and T3 levels of 95, 135, 65 and 36 ng/100 ml serum were recorded at 22, 0, 34 and 37°C, respectively. The observed serum TSH levels were 265, 192, 237 and 182 μg/100 ml serum in rats exposed to 22, 0, 34 and 37°C, respectively. Pituitary TSH content was similar at 22, 0 and 34°C whereas the content in the 37°C exposed rats was twice that of controls. Thyroid cyclic AMP levels were not significantly different among the various experimental groups. The content of cyclic AMP in the pituitary was higher at 34°C by 125 % and 37°C by 240 %, and lower at 0°C by 56 % with regard to the control. These results suggest that the 0 and 34°C exposed rats reach a new steady state in the control of thyroid hormones secretion rate. However, at 37°C, the TSH-thyroxine interrelationships seem to break down.

Syndrome of'inappropriate secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone' by partial target organ resistance to thyroid hormones

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Salmerón De Diego ◽  
C. Alonso Rodriguez ◽  
A. Salazar Orlando ◽  
P. Sanchez Garcia Cervigon ◽  
E. Caviola Mutazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Pituitary Tumour ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
Resistance To Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Serum Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Abstract. A 74 year old woman was found to have elevated serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and elevated serum thyroid hormone levels, with clinical euthyroidism. There was no evidence of a pituitary tumour. TSH levels increased substantially during methimazole therapy. Administration of dexamethasone was followed by a prompt fall in serum TSH levels. Triiodothyronine (T3) was administered over a period of 20 days in doses from 25 μg to as much as 100 μg daily causing a rise in serum T3 above 700 ng/100 ml, a decline of T4 and a blunting of the response to thyrotrophinreleasing hormone (TRH), with normal metabolic responses (pulse rate, photomotogram, cholesterol). These results suggest that the patient's disorder is due to partial target organ resistance to thyroid hormones.

THE INFLUENCE OF METHALLIBURE (ICI 33,828) ON SERUM AND PITUITARY THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE LEVELS IN THE RAT

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-572
Author(s):  
J. R. BOURKE ◽  
S. W. MANLEY ◽  
R. W. HAWKER
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Endocrine Organs ◽  
System 1 ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY The effect of methallibure (ICI 33,828), a non-steroidal pituitary inhibitor, on serum and pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels has been investigated. A biphasic action of the drug on serum TSH levels was observed, the greatest falls occurring with the lowest doses (2mg/day). Increasing dose and period of administration induced progressive decreases in pituitary TSH content. These results are interpreted in terms of three actions on the thyroid—pituitary system: (1) inhibition of the release of TSH from the pituitary, (2) inhibition of TSH synthesis evident only at higher doses, and (3) a thyroid-blocking action, which is also only observed at the higher dose levels, with consequent pituitary stimulation via the thyroid—pituitary feedback mechanism. Effects upon body weight and weight of endocrine organs are reported, that upon the seminal vesicles being the most marked.

scholarly journals Seizure duration may increase thyroid-stimulating hormone levels in children experiencing a seizure

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 030006051988840
Author(s):  
Ji Yoon Han ◽  
In Goo Lee ◽  
Soyoung Shin ◽  
Joonhong Park
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Neuronal Excitability ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Seizure Type ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Seizure Duration ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Tsh Levels ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Objective Variations in hormone levels are a direct effect of epileptic discharges in both animals and humans, and seizure can affect the hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid axis. The purpose of this study was to determine which parameters could affect the alternation of thyroid hormones in children experiencing seizure. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 181 pediatric patients with seizure and compared three thyroid hormones (serum thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH], free thyroxine [fT4], and triiodothyronine [T3]) between initial (admission to hospital) and follow-up (2 weeks later) testing. Results Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine which six parameters (gender, age, seizure accompanying with fever, seizure type, seizure duration, and anti-epileptic drug medication) could help to explain the higher initial TSH levels in pediatric seizure. Only seizure duration in patients with an increase in TSH levels was significantly longer compared with patients with normal TSH at the time of initial testing. Conclusion Neuronal excitability by seizure can cause thyroid hormonal changes, which likely reflects changes in hypothalamic function.

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, Degree of Obesity, and Metabolic Risk Markers in a Cohort of Swedish Children with Obesity

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veroniqa Lundbäck ◽  
Kerstin Ekbom ◽  
Emilia Hagman ◽  
Ingrid Dahlman ◽  
Claude Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Free Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Tsh Levels ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Background/Aims: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is affected in obesity and might influence metabolic risk. It is unclear what mechanisms cause elevated TSH in obesity. We aimed to investigate TSH status within the normal range and the association of TSH with degree of obesity and metabolic parameters in children with obesity. Methods: A total of 3,459 children, aged 3.0–17.9 years, were identified in the Swedish Childhood Obesity Treatment Registry, BORIS. Age, gender, TSH, free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), body mass index standard deviation scores (BMI SDS), as well as variables of lipid and glucose metabolism were examined. Results: Children with high-normal TSH (>3.0 mU/L) (28.8%) had higher BMI SDS compared to children with low-normal TSH (<3.0 mU/L) (p < 0.001). Multivariable regression analysis adjusted for age and gender showed that TSH levels were associated with BMI SDS (β: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.14–0.28, p < 0.001). Associations of thyroid hormones with markers of lipid and glucose metabolism were observed, where TSH was associated with fasting insulin, HOMA (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance), total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Conclusions: A positive association between TSH levels and BMI SDS was seen in children with obesity. Associations of TSH and free thyroid hormones with glucose metabolism indicated that TSH might be one of several factors acting to determine body weight and obesity co-morbidities, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

scholarly journals The role of thyroid stimulating hormone in the timing of thyroxin supplement after thyroid operations

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
Basil A. S. Al-Khayyat ◽  
Anmar Jumaa Ghali ◽  
Berq J. Hadi Al-Yasseri
Keyword(s):  
Hashimoto’S Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Suppressive Therapy ◽  
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis ◽  
Histopathological Results ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) levels can be measured accurately down to a very low serum concentration with an immunoassay. When the serum TSH level is in the normal range, measuring the T3 and T4 levels is redundant. The objective of this study is to study the relation of TSH levels postoperatively in thyroid surgeries with the timing for thyroxin treatment as a supplemental and suppressive therapy. A prospective cohort study was done on 84 patients underwent thyroid operations in Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital from March 2010 through November 2012. Patients underwent different thyroid operations (lobectomy, subtotal thyroidectomy and total thyroidectomy) for different thyroid pathology. Later, they were followed up by TSH assay in periods of 2, 4, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Variables were compared by using the analysis of variance, ANOVA test. P – values equal or less than 0.05 and 0.01 were considered to be statistically significant and highly significant, respectively. The mean age of patients was 43.30 ± 10.19 years. The females made the vast majority of study sample (85.7%). Patients were divided into six groups: simple colloid goiters (17 patients), multinodular goiters (32 patients), solitary thyroid nodules (11 patients), Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (8 patients), Graves’ disease (8 patients) and papillary and follicular carcinomas (8 patients). The study revealed that all patients with malignant thyroid nodules (i.e. those with total thyroidectomies) and the vast majority of patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis were in definite need for thyroxin treatment post-operatively. Other patients were variable in their need and timing of treatment according to the histopathological results and the type of operations. In conclusion; measurement of TSH level postoperatively is a good indicator for need of thyroxin treatment and for dose adjustment with the help of pathological results and the type of surgery.

scholarly journals Observational study on association between serum thyroid stimulating hormone and thyroid malignancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2002
Author(s):  
Arun K. ◽  
Santhosh Nayak K. ◽  
Suhas Gowda
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Test Of Significance ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and its incidence continues to rise. Thyroid carcinoma in most cases presents clinically as a solitary nodule or as a dominant nodule within a multinodular thyroid gland. There are a number of well-established of predictors of malignancy in thyroid nodules. More recently studies have suggested that higher concentration of TSH, even within the normal range are associated with subsequent diagnosis of thyroid cancer in patients with thyroid nodules and even higher serum TSH levels have been found associated with advanced stages of thyroid cancer. Objectives were to determine the association between serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration and thyroid cancer and to estimate serum TSH levels in different stages of thyroid malignancy.Methods: A hospital based observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital for a period of 2 year. 120 patients presenting with thyroid nodule without an overt thyroid dysfunction during the study period were included in the study. Chi-square was used as test of significance. Independent t test was the test of significance for quantitative data between two groups.Results: In the study majority of thyroid cancer patients (106 out of 120) had serum TSH concentrations ranging 1.71mIU/L-5.5mIU/L i.e. within normal range but towards higher range. Mean serum TSH concentrations was significantly high in advanced stages of carcinoma. Mean Serum TSH was high in Stage III and Stage IV (5.17±1.36mIU/l) compared to stage I and II (4.03±1.87mIU/l).Conclusions: The study concludes that TSH levels were in the Upper reference range in majority of thyroid malignancies and high levels of serum TSH concentrations associated with advanced stage of thyroid cancer.

scholarly journals Utility of pre-operative serum thyroid stimulating hormone in predicting thyroid malignancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 2796
Author(s):  
Arun K. ◽  
Santhosh Nayak K. ◽  
Suhas Gowda
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Multinodular Goitre ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Test Of Significance ◽  
Thyroid Malignancies ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and its incidence continues to rise. Thyroid carcinoma in most cases presents clinically as a solitary nodule or as a dominant nodule within a multinodular thyroid gland. There are a number of well-established of predictors of malignancy in thyroid nodules. More recently studies have suggested that higher concentration of TSH, even within the normal range are associated with subsequent diagnosis of thyroid cancer in patients with thyroid nodules and even higher serum TSH levels have been found associated with advanced stages of thyroid cancer. The objective of this study was to determine the serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration before surgery in different thyroid malignancies and to compare serum TSH concentration after surgery in thyroid malignancyMethods: A hospital based observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital for a period of 2 year. 120 patients presenting with thyroid nodule without an overt thyroid dysfunction during the study period were included in the study. Chi-square was used as test of significance. Independent t test was the test of significance for quantitative data between two groups.Results: Mean serum TSH was higher in thyroid malignancies and significant difference was observed between solitary and multinodular goitre. Mean serum TSH concentrations was significantly high in papillary carcinoma and advanced stages of carcinoma. Mean serum TSH was high in stage III and stage IV (5.17±1.36 mIU/l) compared to stage I and II (4.03±1.87 mIU/l).Conclusions: The study concludes that TSH levels were high in thyroid malignancies arising from multinodular goitre, majority of thyroid malignancies had high levels of serum TSH concentrations and TSH was high with advanced stage of thyroid cancer 

Annual variations in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid hormones and in their responses to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone in the reindeer

1994 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Timisjärvi ◽  
V Ojutkangas ◽  
E Eloranta ◽  
M Nieminen ◽  
J Leppäluoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Abstract The reindeer in its natural habitat is subject to great annual variations in ambient temperature, illumination and nutrition. To ascertain the effect of these environmental factors on thyroid function, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T4), tri-iodothyronine (T3) and reverse T3 (rT3) concentrations were measured four times a year (2 June, 8 October, 21 November, and 24 February) in 14 animals housed outdoors at latitude 69°10′N. They all showed statistically significant (P<0·05) seasonal changes. Serum TSH and T4 were highest in February (623 ± 30 ng/ml and 287 ± 19 nmol/l respectively). TSH was lowest in October (318 ± 47 ng/ml) and T4 in November (199 ± 19 nmol/l). The T3 concentration was highest in November (3·0 ± 0·3 nmol/l) and lowest in June (1·8 ± 0·2 nmol/l). In contrast, rT3 was highest in June (3·6 ± 1·2 nmol/l) and lowest in November (1·9 ± 0·6 nmol/l). Thus, there was an inverse relationship between T3 and rT3 (linear regression r= −0·406, P<0·01). TSH, T4, T3 and rT3 responses to exogenous thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (synthetic TRH; 500 μg i.m.) were determined in ten animals. The magnitude of their response to TRH was significantly (P<0·05) dependent on the time of year. When compared with the control level all the parameters rose significantly (P<0·05). The greatest rise in serum TSH occurred in October (219 ± 151% and the smallest in February (66 ± 53%). The corresponding figures for T4 were 56 ± 60% in June and 11 ± 18% in February, for T3 143 ± 45% in October and 73 ± 46% in June, and for rT3 25 ± 13% in October and 12 ± 10% in February. In conclusion, significant annual variations occur in the reindeer serum concentrations of TSH and thyroid hormones as well as in their responses to exogenous TRH. Environmental factors greatly affect the pituitary-thyroid axis in this mammalian species living far in the North. The observed variations probably reflect an adaptation of the species to the annual environmental cycle. Journal of Endocrinology (1994) 141, 527–533

scholarly journals Association Between Serum Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Levels and Salivary Microbiome Shifts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Dong ◽  
Fen Zhao ◽  
Keyong Yuan ◽  
Xiaohan Zhu ◽  
Ningjian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Principal Coordinates ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

High serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels are linked to many metabolic disorders, but the effects of TSH levels on the oral microbiota are still largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the association between the salivary microbiome in adults and serum TSH levels. Saliva and fasting blood samples were obtained from a health census conducted in Southeast China. All participants were divided according to serum TSH levels. The microbial genetic profiles and changes were acquired by 16S rDNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Relevant anthropometric and biochemical measurements such as insulin resistance, blood lipids, and body composition were evaluated with laboratory tests and physical examinations. The salivary microbiome in individuals with higher TSH level showed significantly higher taxa diversity. Principal coordinates analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis showed distinct clustering in the Abnormal and Normal Groups (Adonis, P=0.0320). Granulicatella was identified as a discriminative genus for comparison of the two groups. Fasting serum insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance, and hemoglobin A1 were elevated in the Abnormal Group (P&lt;0.05), showing the presence of insulin resistance in individuals with abnormal higher serum TSH levels. Distance-based redundancy analysis revealed the association of this distinctive difference with salivary microbiome. In conclusion, shifts in microbial profile were observed in the saliva of individuals with different serum TSH levels, and insulin resistance may play an important role in the biochemical and microbial alteration.

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