COMPARISON OF THE METHODS FOR MEASURING HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN AFTER HYDATIDIFORM MOLE

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Salmon ◽  
K. L. Peh ◽  
S. S. Ratnam
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Hydatidiform Mole ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Specific Radioimmunoassay ◽  
Reliable Monitoring ◽  
Specific Assessment ◽  
Positive Results

ABSTRACT Six patients who had hydatidiform mole and who subsequently developed clinical choriocarcinomas were studied. Serial plasma samples were assayed for HCG content by (i) haemagglutination-inhibition test (HI test), (ii) a non-specific radioimmunoassay and (iii) a specific radioimmunoassay developed against the β-sub unit of HCG. When levels of HCG were high all three assays gave results which parallelled each other. However, the radioimmunoassays were able to detect the presence of HCG several weeks after the HI test became negative. Luteinizing hormone cross-reacted in the non-specific radioimmunoassay of HCG and may lead to false positive results. The present study indicated that it is important to employ the radioimmunoassay against the β-sub unit of HCG to permit a specific assessment of HCG activity and thereby provide a reliable monitoring of patients following hydatidiform mole or with choriocarcinoma.

Evaluation of the sub-human primate tube test for pregnancy in primates

1976 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Hobson
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Tube Test ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Orang Utan ◽  
Human Primate

A haemagglutination inhibition test, developed specifically for primates, diagnoses early pregnancy in the chimpanzee, gorilla, orang-utan and baboon. The test was sensitive and reacted positively when the concentration of gonadotrophin in urine was equivalent to 0·03 i.u. human chorionic gonadotrophin per ml. This degree of sensitivity and the certitude that it cross-reacts with primate luteinizing hormone probably accounts for most of the false positive results.

IMMUNOLOGICAL DETERMINATION OF PITUITARY LUTEINIZING HORMONE IN THE URINE OF FERTILE AND POST-MENOPAUSAL WOMEN AND ADULT MEN

1962 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leif Wide ◽  
Carl Gemzell
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Inhibition Reaction

ABSTRACT An immunological method to assay human pituitary luteinizing hormone (HPLH) in urine is described. It is based on the fact that HPLH crossreacts with human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) in an haemagglutination inhibition reaction between HCG-coated blood cells and rabbit HCG-antisera. During the menstrual cycle the excretion of HPLH reached a peak of 200–400 U per liter at the time of ovulation. In the urine of post-menopausal women the concentration of HPLH was between 100 and 400 U per liter. In the urine of adult men the concentration of HPLH was between 50 and 160 U per liter.

THE IMMUNOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN IN URINE

1964 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Hobson ◽  
Leif Wide
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hydatidiform Mole ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Immunological Activity ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Inhibition Reaction ◽  
Rat Seminal Vesicle

ABSTRACT When assayed against the International Standard for HCG the biological activity, as measured by the rat seminal vesicle method, of urines from women collected during the second half of pregnancy is lower than the immunological activity (haemagglutination inhibition reaction). Almost 100 % of the immunological and biological HCG activities were recovered from the acetone precipitates of such urines. A kaolin extract of these urines produced a partial separation of the immunological activity. About half of the immunological activity and almost all of the biological activity was recovered in the concentrate. In the supernatant, left after kaolin extraction, an immunologically active biologically inactive »HCG« was found. A urine from a woman with a hydatidiform mole was assayed by both methods. The biological and immunological activities of this urine were almost unity and the ratio of the 2 activities remained unaltered in the acetone precipitate and the kaolin concentrate made from an aliquot of this urine. The kaolin supernatant contained equal and measurable amounts of the biological and immunological activities. In conclusion the method used to concentrate the urine of pregnant women will affect the ratio between the biological activity and the immunological HCG activity.

THE PRECISION OF THE OVARIAN ASCORBIC ACID DEPLETION TEST FOR LUTEINIZING HORMONE

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Jørgen Falck Larsen ◽  
Christian Hamburger
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin

ABSTRACT Various modifications of the Parlow test for luteinizing hormone (ovarian ascorbic acid depletion in rats) were tried. Human chorionic gonadotrophin was used instead of hypophyseal luteinizing hormone. The precision of the method was found to be so low, however, that the test could not be used for routine clinical analysis. The low precision found in this and other laboratories is thought to be due to the strains of rats used.

Normalisation of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) levels in a patient with partial molar pregnancy with a uterine mass without chemotherapy: impact of using herbal remedies

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norzila Ismail ◽  
Aida Maziha Zainudin ◽  
Gan Siew Hua
Keyword(s):  
Hydatidiform Mole ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Massive Bleeding ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Lung Field ◽  
Molar Pregnancy ◽  
Brucea Javanica

Abstract Objectives Level of βhCG and the presence of any uterine mass of hydatidiform mole need a careful review or monitoring in order to prevent metastasis, provide an early treatment and avoid unnecessary chemotherapy. Case presentation A 36-year old fifth gravida patient who had a missed abortion was diagnosed as having a molar pregnancy with beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (βhCG) level of 509,921 IU/L. Her lung field was clear and she underwent suction and curettage (S & C) procedure. However, after six weeks, AA presented to the emergency department with a massive bleeding, although her βhCG level had decreased to 65,770 IU/L. A trans-abdominal ultrasound indicated the presence of an intra-uterine mass (3.0 × 4.4 cm). Nevertheless, her βhCG continued to show a declining trend (8,426 IU/L). AA was advised to undergo a chemotherapy but she refused, citing preference for alternative medicine like herbs instead. She opted for an “at own risk” (AOR) discharge with scheduled follow up. Subsequently, her condition improved with her βhCG showing a downward trend. Surprisingly, at six months post S & C, her βhCG ameliorated to 0 IU/L with no mass detected by ultrasound. Conclusions Brucea javanica fruits, Pereskia bleo and Annona muricata leaves can potentially be useful alternatives to chemotherapy and need further studies.

COMPARISON OF BIOASSAY AND IMMUNOASSAY OF HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN IN URINE

1965 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudi Borth ◽  
Michel Ferin ◽  
Annette Menzi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Serological Result ◽  
Pregnancy Urine ◽  
Acceptable Agreement

ABSTRACT In 39 samples of pregnancy urine, the concentration of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) was estimated biologically by the ovarian hyperaemia reaction in rats, and serologically by the passive haemagglutinationinhibition technique. The results of the bioassays varied from 3 to 150 IU/ml, those of the immunoassays from 5 to 640 IU-eq./ml, and the correlation between the two (calculated for their logarithms) accounted for only 17 per cent of the total variation (r2 = 0.169, P ≈0.01). If the biological activity were estimated from a serological result and the appropriate regression line, the fiducial interval for P = 0.05 would extend from 17 to 610 per cent of the estimate. In a factorial experiment using three anti-HCG sera, three standard and three sensitizing preparations of HCG, the sensitivity of the serological system (expressed as the endpoint concentration in IU of HCG) varied considerably between the 27 combinations of the 3 factors, but there was no interaction between the latter. From these data and those of other authors, it is concluded that immunoassays based on haemagglutination inhibition cannot replace bioassays in the estimation of HCG, as distinct from its hypothetical metabolites or other related antigens, unless specificity has been demonstrated. The well-documented reliability of serological pregnancy tests is, of course, not in dispute. Attention is drawn to the fact that »statistically significant« correlation does not guarantee analytically acceptable agreement between two methods of assay.

ANTIGONADOTROPHIC PROFILE OF ANTISERA AGAINST HUMAN GONADOTROPHIN PREPARATIONS

1971 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Petrusz ◽  
C. Robyn ◽  
E. Diczfalusy
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Total Dose ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Immunological Activity ◽  
Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT Forty-two antisera were prepared in rabbits against human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), human hypophysial gonadotrophin (HHG), human urinary luteinizing hormone (LH) and human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) preparations. The gonadotrophic profiles of the antigens were previously characterized by bioassay, immunoassay and bioimmunoassay methods. The 25 most potent antisera were tested in statistically valid bioassays for their HCG and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) neutralizing activities as well as for their neutralizing potencies against the FSH-like activity present in HCG preparations. The anti-HCG/anti-FSH ratios of the anti-HCG sera tested varied between 6.2 and > 254, while those of the anti-HHG, anti-LH and anti-HMG sera were close to 2. It was found that the total dose of immunological activity (anti-HCG neutralizing and anti-FSH neutralizing potency) rather than that of the biological activity administered to the rabbits was decisive for obtaining antisera with high anti-HCG and anti-FSH titers. Immunization with a highly purified HCG preparation (> 17 000 IU/mg) resulted in antisera exhibiting lower anti-HCG/anti-FSH ratios than did immunization with partially purified preparations. A highly purified urinary LH preparation which did not contain any detectable FSH activity gave rise to antisera exhibiting anti-HCG/anti-FSH ratios of approximately 2.0. These highly purified HCG and LH preparations were shown previously to possess high anti-FSH neutralizing potencies (Petrusz et al. 1971b). Booster injections did not change significantly the quality or the titer of the antigonadotrophic sera studied. The HCG neutralizing potency of anti-HCG sera was approximately 3 times higher when assayed against a highly purified HCG preparation (> 17 000 IU/mg) as compared to potency estimates obtained against the laboratory standard of HCG (about 2000 IU/mg). It is suggested that consideration should be given to the establishment of standard preparations of antigonadotrophic sera. It is concluded that bioimmunoassays are more suitably than conventional bioassay methods for the assessment of the antigenic purity of human gonadotrophin preparations.

INHIBITION BY MELATONIN OF THE PITUITARY RESPONSE TO LUTEINIZING HORMONE RELEASING HORMONE IN VIVO

1978 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. YAMASHITA ◽  
M. MIENO ◽  
T. SHIMIZU ◽  
ER. YAMASHITA
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Lh Rh ◽  
Lh Secretion

The rate of secretion of 17-oxosteroids by the testes of anaesthetized dogs in vivo was used as an index of LH secretion. Intracarotid injection of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH, 1, 5 or 10 μg/kg body wt) resulted in an increase in the testicular 17-oxosteroid secretion which was roughly proportional to the dose administered and which reached a maximum 60 min after the injection. Testicular output of 17-oxosteroids was unaffected by administration of melatonin (10 or 100 μg/kg body wt) into the carotid artery. When LH-RH (5 μg/kg) was injected into the carotid artery 3 h after intracarotid injection of melatonin (10 or 100 μg/kg), the testicular response to LH-RH was considerably diminished. Pretreatment with melatonin (100 μg/kg) did not alter the testicular response to human chorionic gonadotrophin (20 i.u./kg body wt) given i.v. It is concluded that melatonin may act directly on the anterior pituitary gland in dogs to inhibit the LH-RH-induced release of LH.

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