SOME ASPECTS OF HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH ANOREXIA NERVOSA

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Travaglini ◽  
P. Beck-Peccoz ◽  
C. Ferrari ◽  
B. Ambrosi ◽  
A. Paracchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Increase ◽  
Lh Rh ◽  
Serum Tsh

ABSTRACT The secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), thyrotrophin (TSH) and prolactin (PRL, was studied in 17 women suffering from anorexia nervosa. The mean basal serum LH was reduced (8.4 ± 0.8 se mIU/ml; P < 0.001 vs normal controls), while LH increase after gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (LH-RH) appeared to be normal in 9 cases and impaired in 6 cases. The mean basal FSH did not significantly differ from normal subjects (3.9 ± 0.5 mIU/ml), while LH-RH administration elicited an exaggerated increase in 7 cases and a normal increase in 8 cases: the mean FSH response was significantly higher than in controls (P < 0.02). Plasma oestradiol-17β was reduced (20.4 ± 0.4 pg/ml; P < 0.001) while the serum testosterone levels were normal (0.73 ± 0.09 ng/ml). Clomiphene administration induced an increase in gonadotrophins in only 1 out of 7 patients. The mean serum TSH concentration was normal (2.3 ± 0.4 μU/ml), while serum thyroxine and triiodothyronine and free thyroxine index, though generally in the normal range, were significantly lower than values obtained in a control group (6.1 ± 0.4 μg/100 ml, P< 0.005; 102.3±7.7 ng/100 ml, P <0.005; 3.8±0.3, P < 0.05). Though the mean serum TSH increase after thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) was normal (12.0 ± 2.3 μU/ml), there were 4 impaired and 1 exaggerated increases, and 8 patients showed a delayed and frequently prolonged response. The increase in serum T3 after TRH appeared lower than in normal subjects (36.3 ± 1.8 ng/100 ml, P < 0.001). Serum PRL levels in basal conditions were higher than in the controls (19.4 ± 4.1 ng/ml, P < 0.001) while the increase in PRL after TRH was exaggerated in only 2 patients. The present data suggest that the primary failure in gonadotrophin secretion in anorexia nervosa occurs at hypothalamic level; moreover the data on TSH and PRL secretion also point to the existence of a hypothalamic disorder in this disease.

SERUM THYROTROPHIN AND THE RESPONSE TO THYROTROPHIN RELEASING HORMONE IN SYMPTOMLESS AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS AND IN BORDERLINE AND OVERT HYPOTHYROIDISM

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gordin ◽  
P. Saarinen ◽  
R. Pelkonen ◽  
B.-A. Lamberg
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Serum Tsh

ABSTRACT Serum thyrotrophin (TSH) was determined by the double-antibody radioimmunoassay in 58 patients with primary hypothyroidism and was found to be elevated in all but 2 patients, one of whom had overt and one clinically borderline hypothyroidism. Six (29%) out of 21 subjects with symptomless autoimmune thyroiditis (SAT) had an elevated serum TSH level. There was little correlation between the severity of the disease and the serum TSH values in individual cases. However, the mean serum TSH value in overt hypothyroidism (93.4 μU/ml) was significantly higher than the mean value both in clinically borderline hypothyroidism (34.4 μU/ml) and in SAT (8.8 μU/ml). The response to the thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) was increased in all 39 patients with overt or borderline hypothyroidism and in 9 (43 %) of the 21 subjects with SAT. The individual TRH response in these two groups showed a marked overlap, but the mean response was significantly higher in overt (149.5 μU/ml) or clinically borderline hypothyroidism (99.9 μU/ml) than in SAT (35.3 μU/ml). Thus a normal basal TSH level in connection with a normal response to TRH excludes primary hypothyroidism, but nevertheless not all patients with elevated TSH values or increased responses to TRH are clinically hypothyroid.

EFFECT OF THYROTROPHIN-RELEASING HORMONE ON SERUM LEVELS OF PITUITARY HORMONES IN MEN AND WOMEN

1973 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Torjesen ◽  
E. Haug ◽  
T. Sand
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Serum Growth Hormone ◽  
Maximal Increase ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Serum Tsh

ABSTRACT The rapid iv administration of 0.5 mg of synthetic thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) increased the serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration in 20 normal subjects from baseline levels of 2.0 ± 0.5 ng/ml (sem) to peak values of 6.0 ± 0.7 ng/ml (sem) in women and 4.5 ± 0.5 ng/ml (sem) in men. The maximal increase occurred 30 min after TRH. The serum growth hormone (HGH) concentrations increased from baseline levels of 2.6± 1.0 ng/ml (sem) to peak values of 7.8± 1.3 ng/ml (sem) in women. In men there was no rise in the serum HGH concentrations. The serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and folliclestimulating hormone (FSH) did not change significantly. In patients with hyperthyroidism the serum TSH concentrations did not change following TRH. Patients with primary hypothyroidism showed an exaggerated and prolonged increase in serum TSH concentrations after TRH administration. A routine TRH-stimulation test is proposed.

PITUITARY-THYROID FUNCTION IN SPIRONOLACTONE TREATED HYPERTENSIVE WOMEN

1979 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. H. Smals ◽  
P. W. C. Kloppenborg ◽  
W. H. L. Hoefnagels ◽  
J. I. M. Drayer
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Bolus Injection ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Basal Serum ◽  
The Mean ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone ◽  
Lh Rh ◽  
Serum Tsh

ABSTRACT Four weeks high dose spironolactone treatment (Aldactone® Searle, 100 mg q. i. d.) significantly enhanced the TSH (Δ max. 8.5 ± 4.1 vs. 4.6 ± 3.1 μU/ml, P < 0.05) and T3 (Δ max. 32±27 vs. 11 ± 16 ng/100 ml, P < 0.05) responses to an intravenous TRH/LH-RH bolus injection in 6 eumenorrhoeic euthyroid hypertensive women, without affecting basal serum TSH, T3 or T4 levels or the basal and stimulated LH, FSH and prolactin values (P > 0.10). The mean serum testosterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and oestradiol levels were also similar before and during therapy. Spironolactone, possibly by virtue of its antiandrogenic action, may exert its enhancing effect on pituitary-thyroid function by modulating the levels of receptors for TRH in the thyrotrophs or by altering the T3 receptor in the pituitary permitting a greater response to TRH.

GROWTH HORMONE RELEASE FOLLOWING THYROTROPHIN-RELEASING HORMONE INJECTION INTO PATIENTS WITH ANOREXIA NERVOSA

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Maeda ◽  
Y. Kato ◽  
N. Yamaguchi ◽  
K. Chihara ◽  
S. Ohgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Plasma Gh ◽  
Lh Rh ◽  
Plasma Prl

ABSTRACT The effect of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) on plasma levels of growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), thyrotrophin (TSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH), were studied in patients with anorexia nervosa. The basal plasma GH levels were elevated in 6 of 11 patients studied. Intravenous injection of synthetic TRH (500 μg) significantly raised the plasma GH levels in 9 of 11 patients. The peak values of plasma GH after TRH ranged from 6.0 to 31.5 ng/ml. Plasma GH concentrations also increased following the administration of synthetic LH-RH (100μg) in 1 of 7 patients. The intravenous injection of saline solution caused no significant change in plasma GH in these patients. The plasma LH responses to LH-RH were significantly blunted in all patients, whereas the plasma PRL and TSH responses to TRH were almost normal in the patients examined. These results suggest that the hypothalamo-pituitary function regulating GH and LH secretion is altered in patients with anorexia nervosa.

Serum prolactin and thyrotrophin responses to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone at different times of the day in normal women

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Pérez-López ◽  
G. Gómez ◽  
M. D. Abós
Keyword(s):  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
Hormonal Release ◽  
Test Serum ◽  
Serum Tsh

Abstract. In order to determine whether or not the pituitary responsiveness to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) changes during the nyctohemeral cycle, 10 healthy regularly cycling women were given 200 μg of TRH at 02.00 h, 10.00 h and 18.00 h with at least a 32 h interval between each test. Serum prolactin (Prl) and thyrotrophin (TSH) in 7 of the 10 women were measured serially before and after TRH administration. The mean basal Prl levels were significantly higher (P < 0.01) at 02.00 h than at 10.00 h and 18.00 h. The mean basal TSH levels were higher, although not significantly, at 02.00 h than at 10.00 h and 18.00 h. Although a higher TSH release occurred at 02.00 h than at 10.00 h and 18.00 h, the mean serum TSH and Prl peak responses to TRH were statistically similar in the three groups of tests. The integrated changes scores, calculated as the difference between the average post-TRH hormonal release and the average baseline levels, although higher in the 18.00 h test for Prl and the 02.00 h test for TSH, were not statistically different among the three tests.

THE EFFECTS OF A SYNTHETIC THYROTROPHIN RELEASING HORMONE (TRH) IN NORMAL AND ENDOCRINOPATHIC SUBJECTS

1972 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Faglia ◽  
P. Beck-Peccoz ◽  
B. Ambrosi ◽  
C. Ferrari ◽  
P. Travaglini
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Pituitary Tumours ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Secondary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Normal Increase

ABSTRACT The effects of thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) on plasma thyrotrophin (HTSH), thyroxine iodine (T4-I), growth hormone (HGH) and cortisol were studied in healthy and endocrinopathic subjects. In normal subjects rapid iv injection of 100, 200, 400, 600, 800 μg of TRH caused definite increases in plasma HTSH with a dose-response correlation between 100 and 200 μg; the peak occurred at 20–30 min at any dose level; iv infusion of 1000 μg over 30 min was followed by highly variable rises in plasma HTSH; the oral administration of 20 mg caused a definite and prolonged increase. In endocrinopathic subjects a standard dose of 600 μg of TRH was rapidly iv injected: 5 euthyroid patients with high 131I thyroidal uptake showed a normal increase in HTSH; 10 cases of Graves' disease, 5 of hyperactive adenomas as well as 4 normal subjects pre-treated with triiodothyronine showed no response; out of 5 cases of Graves' disease re-investigated after remission 3 showed no response, while 2 had an exaggerated response; 5 cases of primary myxoedema showed a very marked and prolonged response; out of 2 patients with idiopathic secondary hypothyroidism 1 did not respond at all and 1 showed a large and prolonged increase with a late peak; out of 4 cases of secondary hypothyroidism due to pituitary tumours, 2 gave normal responses, 1 showed a very marked and prolonged rise and 1 had a poor response; the same subject, after selective adenomectomy, however, had an exaggerated response; 12 euthyroid patients with pituitary tumours were examined: 3 did not respond at all, 4 had a normal increase in plasma HTSH and 5 gave a prolonged and exaggerated response. The serum T4-I showed an upward trend after TRH iv; however, the increase was not present in all instances. After oral administration of TRH a more definite increase was reached. It was demonstrated that TRH does not promote the release of HGH and ACTH.

DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF THE LH-RELEASING HORMONE STIMULATION TEST IN FUNCTIONAL AMENORRHEA

1975 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Vandekerckhove ◽  
M. Dhont ◽  
J. Van Eyck
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Base Line ◽  
List Type ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Lh Rh ◽  
Lh Releasing Hormone ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Secretory Capacity

ABSTRACT LH-releasing hormone (25 μg, iv.) was administered to 37 women with functional amenorrhea. In addition to the clinical classification, these patients were divided into three groups according to the basal level of serum LH. A significant correlation was found between the base-line levels of LH and the serum concentration of oestradiol plus oestrone. The absolute increment of LH after the injection of LH-RH was found to be dependent only on the base-line level of LH. Except for the patients with anorexia nervosa, the base-line levels and the response pattern of FSH were almost the same for all three groups. From the results of this study, it was concluded that: The circulating levels of oestradiol and oestrone, where derived from ovarian secretion, actually depend on the gonadotrophic stimulus. In patients with functional amenorrhea, the oestrogens do not make an independent contribution to the pituitary response to LH-RH. Dysregulation of releasing hormones, whether located at the hypothalamic or suprahypothalamic level, necessarily influences the secretory capacity of the pituitary gland; long-standing deficiency of LH-RH may finally lead to a state of pituitary "functional" unresponsiveness to releasing hormones. In view of the excellent correlation between the base-line levels of LH and the absolute increment of LH following stimulation with LH-RH, this test only accentuates the existing pituitary secretory capacity, which can be roughly estimated from the circulating levels of LH and FSH. This test may be useful in distinguishing the milder cases of psychogenic amenorrhea from extreme gonadotrophic dysfunction in patients with anorexia nervosa.

Vitamin C ameliorates the adverse effects of dexamethasone on sperm motility, testosterone level, and spermatogenesis indexes in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Sadeghzadeh ◽  
MS Mehranjani ◽  
M Mahmoodi
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vit C

Background: Dexamethasone (DEX) is a common medicine that is capable of causing malformation in the male reproductive system. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin C (Vit-C) on spermatogenesis indexes and daily sperm production (DSP) in adult mice treated with DEX. Methods: Male Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice were divided into four groups: Control, DEX (7 mg/kg/day), Vit-C (100 mg/kg/day), and DEX +Vit-C and treated for 7 days with intraperitoneal injection. Results: A significant increase in the mean levels of serum and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and apoptosis of Leydig cells was found in the DEX group compared to the control group. Sperm motility, DSP, tubular differentiation index, meiotic index, spermatogenesis index, the mean number of spermatocytes, round and long spermatids, and Leydig cells, and also serum testosterone level decreased in the DEX group compared to the control group. The results of this study indicate that Vit-C can significantly prevent the adverse effects of DEX on the mean number of spermatocyte, spermatid, and Leydig cells, tubular differentiation, meiotic and spermatogenesis index, DSP, sperm motility, and the mean levels of serum MDA. Conclusion: In conclusion, our results showed that coadministration of Vit-C and DEX prevents the adverse effects of DEX on the spermatogenesis indexes and DSP.

Decreased serum testosterone and free triiodothyronine levels in healthy middle-aged men indicate an age effect at the pituitary level

1995 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Marie T Erfurth ◽  
Lars E Hagmar
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Hormone Response ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone

Erfurth EMT, Hagmar LE. Decreased serum testosterone and free triidothyronine levels in healthy middle-aged men indicate an age effect at the pituitary level. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:663–7. ISSN 0804–4643 In an attempt to study further the age-specific influence on the hypothalamo-pituitary–gonadal axis as well as the hypothalamo–pituitary–thyroid axis, we have now investigated young and middle-aged men, considering possible confounding factors. Both serum total testosterone, free testosterone and the total ratio of testosterone to sex-hormone binding globulin were significantly lower among middle-aged men as compared with young men (p = 0.02, p = 0.002 and p = 0.0003, respectively). In accordance with these findings there was also a decrease in the luteinizing hormone response to gonadotrophin-releasing hormone in the middle-aged men (p= 0.02). Free testosterone was correlated significantly with the luteinizing hormone response (r = 0.32, p = 0.02). Serum free triiodothyronine was significantly higher among young men as compared with middle-aged men (p = 0.002) and the thyrotrophin-releasing hormone-stimulated thyrotrophin response was also higher in the young group compared with the middle-aged group. The present results may indicate that the age effect on serum levels of testosterone and free triidothyronine is mediated at the pituitary level. Eva Marie Erfurth, Dept. of Internal Medicine, University of Lund, S-221 85 Lund, Sweden

scholarly journals The Impact of Wood, Cigarette and Marijuana Smoke on the Reproductive Health of Tandoor Occupants

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Ghulam Nabi ◽  
Muhammad Amin ◽  
Jeena Urooj ◽  
Muhammad Kamil ◽  
Ayaz Ali Khan
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fuel Type ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of wood, cigarette and marijuana smoke on the reproductive health of tandoor occupants. A total of 100 male individuals were selected (50 control and 50 tandoor occupants). A standard questionnaire was designed regarding their age, economic status, marital status, fuel type, exposure time (per day), use of mask, addiction and reproductive health. Morning blood samples of 5 mL of the size were taken from all participants. Serums were obtained and analyzed for total serum testosterone concentration. Bio-check (USA) kit was used according to the manufacturer protocol and procedures for testosterone analysis. In control group the mean ± SEM of total serum testosterone was 671.9 ± 20.02 ng/dl where as in tandoor occupants it was 542.7 ± 16.40 ng/dl. There was a significant reduction (P**** < 0.0001) in total serum testosterone concentration in tandoor occupants as compared to control group. Reproductive health problems like, low libido, erection problems, infertility, decreased frequency for shaving and absent morning and nocturnal erection were common in tandoor occupants as compared to control group. Wood, cigarette and marijuana smoke negatively affects testosterone concentration and lowers it significantly. This reduced testosterone concentration then produces ill effects like low libido, erection problems, infertility and absent morning and nocturnal erection. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document