BINDING AND METABOLISM OF 5α-ANDROSTANE-3α, 17β-DIOL AND OF 5α-ANDROSTANE-β, 17β-DIOL IN THE PROSTATE, SEMINAL VESICLES AND PLASMA OF MALE RATS: STUDIES IN VIVO AND IN VITRO

1975 ◽  
Vol 80 (1_Suppla) ◽  
pp. S50
Author(s):  
M. Krieg ◽  
H.-J. Horst ◽  
M.-L. Sterba
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Male Rats

BINDING AND METABOLISM OF 5α-ANDROSTANE-3α,17β-DIOL AND OF 5α-ANDROSTANE-3β,17β-DIOL IN THE PROSTATE, SEMINAL VESICLES AND PLASMA OF MALE RATS: STUDIES IN VIVO AND IN VITRO

1975 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. KRIEG ◽  
H.-J. HORST ◽  
M.-L. STERBA
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Sucrose Density Gradient ◽  
Total Radioactivity ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cytosol Fraction

SUMMARY Binding of 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol (3α-diol) and 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol (3β-diol) in vivo and in vitro to the 100000 g cytosol fraction of the rat prostate and seminal vesicles as well as to plasma was studied by agargel electrophoresis and sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation and the results compared with the corresponding findings for 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT). The metabolism of 3α-diol and 3β-diol was also investigated by thin-layer chromatography. The following results were obtained: (1) A specific binding of 3α-diol and 3β-diol by the cytosols could not be demonstrated in vitro, while 5α-DHT was specifically bound. (2) In plasma, 3α-diol was extensively bound, 3β-diol less extensively bound, while 5α-DHT remained unbound. (3) After intravenous injection of 3α-diol, specifically bound radioactivity, increasing within 30 min, was found in the prostate cytosol, while after 3β-diol injection no binding occurred. (4) Parallel to the increased binding, the total radioactivity in the prostate accumulated within 30 min after 3α-diol injection, the uptake being 5·3 times higher than in skeletal muscle. However after 3β-diol injection, total radioactivity decreased in the prostate within 30 min, the uptake being only 1·5 times higher than in skeletal muscle. (5) One minute after injection of 3α-diol, 53% of the extracted radioactivity in the prostate had been converted to 5α-DHT, this increased within 30 min to 81%. Thirty minutes after the injection of 3β-diol, about 32% of the extracted radioactivity in the prostate had been converted to 5α-DHT. (6) From the in-vivo and in-vitro experiments it was concluded that 3α-diol exerts its biological effects mainly by its conversion into 5α-DHT.

FURTHER STUDIES ON THE UPTAKE OF ANDROGEN BY SOME ORGANS OF THE MALE RAT

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjell J. Tveter
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Supernatant Fraction ◽  
Male Rat

ABSTRACT [1,2-3H]Testosterone with a specific activity of 42.3 Ci/mmole was injected intramuscularly to adult castrated male rats. There was a selective uptake of radioactivity by the prostate, where a high and prolonged accumulation of radioactive material was found, in contrast to the much lower uptake by muscle tissue. The influence of castration on the uptake was investigated. In the ventral prostate, the uptake was 205% higher in animals castrated 24 h previously than in non-castrated animals. The corresponding values for the lateral prostate, the coagulating glands and the seminal vesicles were 120%, 165% and 213% respectively. The uptake by the dorsal prostate was only about 23% higher one day after orchidectomy. The uptake by muscle was apparently not influenced by castration. Following homogenization of the coagulating glands and the dorsal and ventral prostate, some of the radioactivity in the 105 000 × g supernatant fraction 1 h after the administration of [1,2-3H] testosterone in vivo was associated with macromolecules. In the lateral prostate an interaction between radioactive material and soluble macromolecules was only found in vitro.

scholarly journals Stamina-Enhancing Effects of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 096368972110354
Author(s):  
Eun-Jung Yoon ◽  
Hye Rim Seong ◽  
Jangbeen Kyung ◽  
Dajeong Kim ◽  
Sangryong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Serum Triglycerides

Stamina-enhancing effects of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) were investigated in young Sprague-Dawley rats. Ten-day-old male rats were transplanted intravenously (IV) or intracerebroventricularly (ICV) with hADSCs (1 × 106 cells/rat), and physical activity was measured by locomotor activity and rota-rod performance at post-natal day (PND) 14, 20, 30, and 40, as well as a forced swimming test at PND 41. hADSCs injection increased the moving time in locomotor activity, the latency in rota-rod performance, and the maximum swimming time. For the improvement of physical activity, ICV transplantation was superior to IV injection. In biochemical analyses, ICV transplantation of hADSCs markedly reduced serum creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine transaminase, and muscular lipid peroxidation, the markers for muscular and hepatic injuries, despite the reduction in muscular glycogen and serum triglycerides as energy sources. Notably, hADSCs secreted brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor in vitro, and increased the level of BDNF in the brain and muscles in vivo. The results indicate that hADSCs enhance physical activity including stamina not only by attenuating tissue injury, but also by strengthening the muscles via production of BDNF.

Effects of in vivo gonadal hormone environment on in vitro hGRF-40-stimulated GH release

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (3) ◽  
pp. E276-E280 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Evans ◽  
R. J. Krieg ◽  
E. R. Limber ◽  
D. L. Kaiser ◽  
M. O. Thorner
Keyword(s):  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Gonadal Hormone ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Castrate Male ◽  
Basal Release

The effects of gender and the gonadal hormone environment on basal and stimulated growth hormone (GH) release by dispersed and continuously perifused rat anterior pituitary cells were examined. Cells from intact male and diestrus day 2 female rats and from castrate male rats either untreated or treated with testosterone (T) or 17 beta-estradiol (E2) were used. Basal GH release (ng/min per 10(7) cells; mean +/- SE) by cells from diestrus day 2 female rats was less than by cells from castrate rats treated with T (4.3 +/- 0.6 vs. 11.4 +/- 2.7, respectively; P less than 0.025). No other differences in basal release were detected. Concentration-response relationships were documented between human GH-releasing factor 40 (hGRF-40; 0.03-100 nM given as 2.5-min pulses every 27.5 min) and GH release. Mean (+/- SE) overall GH release (ng/min per 10(7) cells) above base line was greater by cells from intact male rats (496 +/- 92) than by cells from castrate (203 +/- 37.3; P less than 0.0001), castrate and T-treated (348 +/- 52.8; P = 0.008), or castrate and E2-treated (58.1 +/- 6.8; P less than 0.001) male rats or by diestrus day 2 rats (68.6 +/- 9.5; P = 0.0001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Ontogeny of Angiotensin-II-Induced Prolactin Release in vivo and in vitro in Female and Male Rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graciela S. Díaz-Torga ◽  
Damasia Becú-Villalobos ◽  
Carlos Libertun
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Prolactin Release

scholarly journals Prolactin and Male Fertility: The Long and Short Feedback Regulation

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Gill-Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Normal Men

In the last 20 years, a pituitary-hypothalamus tissue culture system with intact neural and portal connections has been developed in our lab and used to understand the feedback mechanisms that regulate the secretions of adenohypophyseal hormones and fertility of male rats. In the last decade, several in vivo rat models have also been developed in our lab with a view to substantiate the in vitro findings, in order to delineate the role of pituitary hormones in the regulation of fertility of male rats. These studies have relied on both surgical and pharmacological interventions to modulate the secretions of gonadotropins and testosterone. The interrelationship between the circadian release of reproductive hormones has also been ascertained in normal men. Our studies suggest that testosterone regulates the secretion of prolactin through a long feedback mechanism, which appears to have been conserved from rats to humans. These studies have filled in a major lacuna pertaining to the role of prolactin in male reproductive physiology by demonstrating the interdependence between testosterone and prolactin. Systemic levels of prolactin play a deterministic role in the mechanism of chromatin condensation during spermiogenesis.

IgG modulation in male mice with reproductive failure after prenatal inflammation

Reproduction ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Izvolskaia ◽  
Vasilina Ignatiuk ◽  
Ayshat Ismailova ◽  
Viktoria Sharova ◽  
Liudmila Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Prenatal Inflammation ◽  
Exposure In Vivo

Sexual performance in adult male rats is highly sensitive to prenatal stress which can affect the functionality of the reproductive system and various brain structures involved in modulating sexual behavior. The immunomodulatory effect of mouse IgG on reproductive maturity in male offspring after LPS exposure in vivo and in vitro was studied. Prenatal IgG injection (20 µg / mouse) had a positive impact on the puberty of male mice whose mothers were exposed to LPS (100 µg / kg) on the 12th day of pregnancy. The number of Sertoli cells were increased, whereas the body weight and the number of symplastic spermatids were decreased in offspring as compared to LPS-treated animals. Besides, IgG had a positive effect on altered hormone levels: reduced estradiol level on the 5th and 14th postnatal days and increased testosterone level on the 30th postnatal day in blood that led to an increased number of mounting attempts in sexually mature males. The cAMP-dependent pathway may be involved in the regulation of the LPS-induced inflammation. IgG reduced the increased level of cAMP in mouse peritoneal macrophages activated by LPS in vitro. IgG is able to modulate inflammation processes, but its exposure time is important.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo Activities of Psidium guajava and Azadirachta indica Leaf Extracts and solvent Fractions against Salmonella Typhi

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-71
Author(s):  
Adetutu Adewale ◽  
Olaniyi Deborah Temitope ◽  
Awodugba Tamilore ◽  
Owoade Abiodun Olusoji ◽  
Olaniyan, Lamidi Waheed B. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Carrier Status ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Salmonella Infections ◽  
Neem Leaves

Typhoidal salmonella infections remain a challenge in the health care system in sub-Saharan Africa. Carrier status and advent of multi-drug resistant S. Typhi strains have necessitated the search for new drug leads. Hence, this study aims at investigating P. guajava and A. indica leaves for anti-salmonella activities. Guava and neem leaves were extracted by maceration in methanol and fractionated by solvent partitioning. In vitro activities were assessed by agar well diffusion and broth micro-dilution methods. Sixty male rats were randomized to 10 groups of 6 animals each for the in vivo experiments. Groups of rats except, normal control, were induced with 0.5McFarland of S. Typhi suspension orally. Treatment groups received 200 mg/kg body weight of extracts and fractions, and the control groups were treated with 14.29mg/kg body weight of ciprofloxacin and 1%v/v DMSO for 7 days post-infection. Biochemical parameters were determined spectrophotometrically. Hematological parameters were analyzed with automated hematology diagnostic machine. All fractions of P. guajava and three of A. indica inhibited S. Typhi growth with Zone of Inhibition (ZI) ranging from 11-15 mm. Active fractions inhibited 48.60-62.45% of S. Typhi biofilm formation at 25 mg/mL with Minimum Bactericidal Inhibitory Concentration (MBIC) of 0.39-12.5 mg/mL. All fractions improved body weight of treated rats and inhibited bacteremia at 44.75 and 95.94%. Hematological parameters improved in all fractions-treated rats. MDA was not significantly (p<0.05) altered in all groups. One fraction of P. guajava (ePg) lowered the elevated level in concentration of Nitric oxide (NO) while all fractions enhanced the lowered activity of SOD. Elevated (lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin (BIL) were lowered by all fractions to various extents in treated rats. Fractions of P. guajava, and A. indica could be further considered for identification of active anti-salmonella principle(s).

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Opuntia dillenii Haw Fruit against Lead Acetate-Induced Hepatotoxicity: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Reza Shirazinia ◽  
Ali Akbar Golabchifar ◽  
Vafa Baradaran Rahimi ◽  
Abbas Jamshidian ◽  
Alireza Samzadeh-Kermani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effects ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Opuntia Dillenii

Lead is one of the most common environmental contaminants in the Earth’s crust, which induces a wide range of humans biochemical changes. Previous studies showed that Opuntia dillenii (OD) fruit possesses several antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study evaluates OD fruit hydroalcoholic extract (OHAE) hepatoprotective effects against lead acetate- (Pb-) induced toxicity in both animal and cellular models. Male rats were grouped as follows: control, Pb (25 mg/kg/d i.p.), and groups 3 and 4 received OHAE at 100 and 200 mg/kg/d + Pb (25 mg/kg/d i.p.), for ten days of the experiment. Thereafter, we evaluated the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), catalase (CAT) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum, and liver histopathology. Additionally, the cell study was also done using the HepG2 cell line for measuring the direct effects of the extract on cell viability, oxidative stress MDA, and glutathione (GSH) and inflammation tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) following the Pb-induced cytotoxicity. Pb significantly increased the serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, and MDA and liver histopathological scores but notably decreased CAT activity compared to the control group ( p < 0.001 for all cases). OHAE (100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly reduced the levels of serum liver enzyme activities and MDA as well as histopathological scores while it significantly increased CAT activity compared to the Pb group ( p < 0.001 –0.05 for all cases). OHAE (20, 40, and 80 μg/ml) concentration dependently and significantly reduced the levels of MDA and TNF-α, while it increased the levels of GSH and cell viability in comparison to the Pb group ( p < 0.001 –0.05 for all cases). These data suggest that OHAE may have hepatoprotective effects against Pb-induced liver toxicity both in vitro and in vivo by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

scholarly journals FTIR and UV‒vis study of chemically engineered biomaterial surfaces for protein immobilization

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 351-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Mansur ◽  
Rodrigo Oréfice ◽  
Marivalda Pereira ◽  
Zélia Lobato ◽  
Wander Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Protein Immobilization ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Abnormality ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Uv Visible

The biomaterials research field has broadened in the last 3 decades, including replacement of diseased or damaged parts, assist in healing, correct and improve functional abnormality, drug delivery systems, immunological kits and biosensors. Proteins play crucial role in almost every biological system. They are involved in enzymatic catalysis, transport and storage, coordinated motion, mechanical support, immune protection, control of growth and cell differentiation among many others. The immobilization of proteins onto surface functionalized substrates has been one of the most promising areas in bioengineering field. It is important to note that the term immobilization can refer either to a temporary or to a permanent localization of the biomolecule on or within a support. Proteins have very particular chain configurations and conformations that promote high levels of specificity during chemical interactions. In the present work, we aimed to study the phenomenon of protein immobilization onto biomaterial with chemically engineered surface. We have tailored the surface of the porous gels of SiO2with 5 different silane surface modifying agents: tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), 3‒mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) and 3‒aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), 3‒glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and 3‒isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane (ICPES). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to characterize the presence of all specific chemical groups in the materials. The surface functionalized gels were then immersed in porcine insulin (PI) solutions for protein immobilization. The incorporation of protein within the gels was also monitored by FTIR spectroscopy. The kinetics of protein adsorption and desorption from the gel matrixin vitrotests were monitored by UV‒visible spectroscopy. We could not observe any evidence of denaturation of insulin after its desorption from gel matrices using UV‒visible spectroscopy technique.In vivotests with adult male rats were used to verify the immobilized insulin bioactivity after implantation of different biomaterial with functionalized surfaces. Plasma glucose levels were obtained by using the Glucose GOD‒ANA Colorimetric Assay. All surface modified materials have presented acute hypoglycemic peak response associated with the insulin bioactivity.

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