SERUM LEVELS OF HUMAN CHORIONIC SOMATOMAMMOTROPIN (HCS) IN NORMAL AND ABNORMAL PREGNANCIES

1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (3_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S35-S43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E. Lebech ◽  
Birgit Borggaard
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Placental Function ◽  
Chorionic Somatomammotropin ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

ABSTRACT Serum levels of human placental chorionic somatomammotropin (HCS) were determined by radioimmunoassay (immunosorbent) in 800 pregnancies, normal as well as pathological. The normal group comprised 200 pregnant women (254 estimations). Correlation has been found to exist between the placental weight and the HCS levels as determined in the last few weeks before onset of labour. In connection with twin pregnancies HCS levels were found to be in the upper end or above the normal range. In cases of anencephaly HCS levels were found to be normal with low values of oestrogen excretion in urine. Other examples may be mentioned in support of the importance of the HCS estimation to the evaluation of the placental function.

HUMAN CHORIONIC SOMATOMAMMOTROPIN IN DIABETIC PREGNANCIES

1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (3_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S44-S51 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wiese ◽  
L. Mølsted-Pedersen ◽  
P. E. Lebech
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Control Material ◽  
The Third ◽  
Chorionic Somatomammotropin ◽  
Positive Correlations

ABSTRACT The serum concentration of human chorionic somatomammotropin (HCS) during the third trimester of pregnancy has been measured in 56 insulintreated diabetic women. A total of 318 serum samples were estimated and compared with a control material of 134 serum samples from normal pregnant women. The HCS concentration was found to be significantly higher in diabetic than in normal pregnancies. Significantly positive correlations were demonstrated between the HCS concentration and the placental weight, the birth weight of the infant and the oestriol excretion, respectively. Evidence is presented that simultaneous determinations of HCS and urinary oestriol would be valuable in the management of diabetic pregnancies.

Foetal virilisation caused by overproduction of non-aromatisable 11-oxygenated C19 steroids in maternal adrenal tumour

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 2609-2612
Author(s):  
Keisuke Nagasaki ◽  
Kaoru Takase ◽  
Chikahiko Numakura ◽  
Keiko Homma ◽  
Tomonobu Hasegawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
Placental Barrier ◽  
Adrenal Tumour ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Tumour Removal ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Pathogenic Property

Abstract It is widely believed that adrenal tumours and ovarian luteomas in pregnant women cause virilisation of female foetuses through overproduction of testosterone and/or androstenedione. However, this notion raises a fundamental question as to how these classic androgens pass through the placenta without being converted by aromatase into oestrogens. Here, we report a case of maternal adrenal tumour, in which overproduction of 11-oxygenated C19 steroids (11ox C19s), newly characterised non-aromatisable androgens in humans, caused foetal virilisation. The female proband presented with severely virilised external genitalia at birth. The mother exhibited hirsutism, hyperglycaemia and hypertension and was diagnosed as having adrenal tumour. The mother was subjected to comprehensive steroid measurement. Serum levels of 11ox C19s were markedly elevated. In contrast, testosterone and androstenedione levels remained within the normal range, and levels of most other steroids in the conventional and backdoor androgenic pathways were normal or only mildly elevated. After tumour removal, levels of 11ox C19s were markedly reduced. These results provide the first evidence that 11ox C19s can be synthesised in adrenal adenomas and, due to their non-aromatisable nature, can pass through the placental barrier to cause foetal virilisation. These findings highlight a unique pathogenic property of these newly specified androgens in humans.

Disparity in post-treatment maternal circulating magnesium sulfate levels between twin and singleton gestation: Is this the missing link between plurality and adverse outcome?

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilach Marom-Haham ◽  
Shali Mazaki-Tovi ◽  
Itamar Zilberman ◽  
Anat Kalter ◽  
Jigal Haas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Adverse Outcome ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Twin Pregnancies ◽  
Control Study

AbstractMagnesium sulfate (MgSOCase control study including two groups of pregnant women who received intravenous MgSOMaternal serum levels of magnesium were significantly lower among patients with twin gestations compared to those with singleton ones 6 h after initiation of treatment (4.6 vs. 4.8 mg/dL, P=0.003). In addition, the rate of pregnant women who obtained therapeutic levels 6 h after initiation of treatment was significantly lower in twin gestations than in singleton ones (36% vs. 58%, P=0.008). Multiple regression analysis revealed that twin gestations were independently and significantly associated with low maternal serum magnesium levels.Maternal serum concentrations of magnesium are lower in twin pregnancies than in singleton ones following MgSO

Does Exercise During Pregnancy Affect Placental Weight?: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Barakat ◽  
Marina Vargas ◽  
Maia Brik ◽  
Irene Fernandez ◽  
Javier Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placental Function ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Exercise During Pregnancy

Placental weight (PW) is a measure commonly used to summarize growth and aspects of placental function. In a normal pregnancy, it is reasonable to assume that PW is related to aspects of the functional capacity of the placenta. The placenta, as the site for all maternal–fetal oxygen and nutrient exchange, influences birth weight and is thus central to a successful pregnancy outcome. PW is the most common way to characterize placental growth, which relates to placental function. With physical exercise becoming an integral part of life for many women, the question of whether exercise during pregnancy has an adverse effect on the growing fetus is very important. The aim was to examine the influence of an aerobic exercise program throughout pregnancy on PW among healthy pregnant women. A randomized control trial was used (registration trial number: NCT02420288). Women were randomized into an exercise group (EG; n = 33) or a control group (CG; n = 32) that received standard care. The EG trained 3 days/week (55–60 min/session) from gestational Weeks 9–11 until Weeks 38–39. The 85 training sessions involved aerobic, muscular and pelvic floor strength, and flexibility exercises. PW and other pregnancy outcomes were measured. There was high attendance to the exercise program, and no differences in the PW at delivery were observed between study groups (CG = 493.2 ± 119.6 g vs. EG = 495.4 ± 150 g, p = .95). A regular, supervised exercise program throughout pregnancy does not affect the PW in healthy pregnant women.

Recovery of thyroid function with a decreased titre of antimicrosomal antibody in a hypothyroid man with Hashimoto's thyroiditis

1983 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makiko Yamamoto ◽  
Kazuro Kaise ◽  
Hirofumi Kitaoka ◽  
Katsumi Yoshida ◽  
Nobuko Kaise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hashimoto’S Thyroiditis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Surgical Biopsy ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Serum Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Antimicrosomal Antibody ◽  
Serum Tsh

Abstract. A 36 year old man with a diffuse goitre, signs of mild hypothyroidism, strikingly low levels of T4 (0.9 μg/dl) and T3 (24 ng/dl), elevated TSH (140 μU/ml) and elevated microsomal haemagglutination antibody (MCHA, 1:409 600), subsequently became non-goitrous and euthyroid with a decreased titre of antimicrosomal antibody without any medication. At the time of surgical biopsy, serum levels of T4 and T3 had risen to the normal range (4.6 μg/dl and 73 ng/dl, respectively), serum TSH had decreased to 30 μU/ml and the titre of MCHA to 1:25 600. Thyroid specimens showed Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The activity of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) was normal. The latest examination, 1 year and 3 months after initial evaluation, showed that the patient remained euthyroid with no goitre, that serum thyroid hormones were within the normal range (T4 7.7 μg/dl and T3 97 ng/dl), and that TSH was not detectable. The titre of MCHA decreased strikingly to 1:400.

Dietary and serum vitamin D and preeclampsia risk in Chinese pregnant women: a matched case–control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Xue-min Huang ◽  
Yan-hua Liu ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
Yuan Cao ◽  
Wei-feng Dou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

Abstract The effect of vitamin D (VD) on the risk of preeclampsia (PE) is uncertain. Few of previous studies focused on the relationship between dietary VD intake and PE risk. Therefore, we conducted this 1:1 matched case-control study to explore the association of dietary VD intake and serum VD concentrations with PE risk in Chinese pregnant women. A total of 440 pairs of participants were recruited during March 2016 to June 2019. Dietary information was obtained using a 78-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 were measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariate conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were plotted to evaluate the dose-response relationship of dietary VD intake and serum VD concentrations with PE risk. Compared with the lowest quartile, the ORs of the highest quartile were 0.45 (95%CI: 0.29-0.71, Ptrend = 0.001) for VD dietary intake and 0.26 (95%CI: 0.11-0.60, Ptrend = 0.003) for serum levels after adjusting for confounders. In addition, the RCS analysis suggested a reverse J-shaped relationship between dietary VD intake and PE risk (P-nonlinearity = 0.02). A similar association was also found between serum concentrations of total 25(OH)D and PE risk (P-nonlinearity = 0.02). In conclusion, this study provides evidence that higher dietary intake and serum levels of VD are associated with the lower risk of PE in Chinese pregnant women.

Serum levels of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid in pregnant women: Maternal predictors and associations with birth outcomes in the PIPA Project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline de Souza Espindola Santos ◽  
Armando Meyer ◽  
Vanessa Emídio Dabkiewicz ◽  
Volney de Magalhães Câmara ◽  
Carmen Ildes Rodrigues Froes Asmus
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Perfluorooctanoic Acid ◽  
Maternal Predictors

scholarly journals Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) Serum Levels Indicate Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of DHEA and Estradiol (E2) in Women at Term Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pardes Habib ◽  
Joseph Neulen ◽  
Shahin Habib ◽  
Benjamin Rösing
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Neuroactive Steroids ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Csf Levels ◽  
Fluid Levels

AbstractNeuroactive steroids such as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), estradiol (E2), and progesterone (P4) are associated with structural and functional changes in the central nervous system (CNS). Measurement of steroid levels in the CNS compartments is restricted in accessibility. Consequently, there is only limited human data on the distributional equilibrium for steroid levels between peripheral and central compartments. While some neuroactive steroids including DHEA and E2 have been reported to convey excitatory and proconvulsant properties, the opposite was demonstrated for P4. We aimed to elucidate the correlation between peripheral and central DHEA, E2, and P4 levels in women at term pregnancy. CSF and serum samples of 27 healthy pregnant women (22–39 years) at term pregnancy were collected simultaneously under combined spinal and epidural anesthesia and used for DHEA ELISA and E2, and P4 ECLIA. All three neuroactive steroids were detected at markedly lower levels in CSF compared to their corresponding serum concentrations (decrease, mean ± SD, 97.66 ± 0.83%). We found a strong correlation for DHEA between its serum and the corresponding CSF levels (r = 0.65, p = 0.003). Serum and CSF levels of E2 (r = 0.31, p = 0.12) appeared not to correlate in the investigated cohort. DHEA serum concentration correlated significantly with E2 (r = 0.58, p = 0.0016) in CSF. In addition, a strong correlation was found between DHEA and E2, both measured in CSF (r = 0.65, p = 0.0002). Peripheral DHEA levels might serve as an indicator for central nervous levels of the neuroactive steroids DHEA and E2 in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Maternal Serum Placental Growth Factor, Soluble Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1, and Soluble Endoglin in Twin Gestations and the Risk of Preeclampsia—A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kosinska-Kaczynska ◽  
Magdalena Zgliczynska ◽  
Szymon Kozlowski ◽  
Lukasz Wicherek
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Placental Growth Factor ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Multiple Gestation ◽  
Soluble Endoglin ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

Multiple gestation is one of the key risk factors for the occurrence of preeclampsia (PE). Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1, placental growth factor, and soluble endoglin are molecules involved in the process of angiogenesis with a proven role in the pathogenesis of PE. The aim of the review was to summarize available data on maternal serum levels of the above-mentioned factors and their usefulness in predicting PE in twin pregnancies. Only original research articles written in English were considered eligible. Reviews, chapters, case studies, conference papers, experts’ opinions, editorials, and letters were excluded from the analysis. No publication date limitations were imposed. The systematic literature search using PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases identified 338 articles, 10 of which were included in the final qualitative analyses. The included studies showed significant differences in maternal serum levels of the discussed factors between women with twin pregnancies with PE and those who did not develop PE, and their promising performance in predicting PE, alone or in combination with other factors. The identification of the most effective algorithms, their prompt introduction to the clinical practice, and further assessment of the real-life performance should become a priority.

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