RESPONSE OF PLASMA ALDOSTERONE TO ANGIOTENSIN II, ACTH AND POTASSIUM IN MAN

1973 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Scholer ◽  
M. Birkhäuser ◽  
A. Peytremann ◽  
A. M. Riondel ◽  
M. B. Vallotton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Potassium Citrate ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Low Sodium

ABSTRACT Plasma aldosterone, corticosterone, cortisol and renin activity have been measured in recumbent normal subjects (n = 3–4) following stimulation with angiotensin II, ACTH and potassium. Control studies on a regular sodium intake show that in the same subject aldosterone and renin activity exhibit no time dependent pattern from 7 a.m. to 11 a.m., while corticosterone and cortisol decrease continuously. Angiotensin II (infusion of 7 ng/kg/min over 1–3 h), ACTH (rapid iv injection of 0.5 mg β1-24 ACTH) and potassium (potassium citrate 30 mEq. po every hour for 3 h) on a regular Na intake induce a reproducible increase of aldosterone. The onset of this increase is observed within 10 min for angiotensin II and ACTH and within 60–90 min for potassium. The range of the rise in aldosterone is about 20–25 ng/100 ml for all 3 stimuli, corresponding to a 3–5 fold increase from basal values. Angiotensin II and potassium are, in the dose used, specific stimuli of aldosterone; ACTH however stimulates aldosterone, corticosterone and cortisol, but to a variable degree and with a different time-course response. On a low sodium intake, a similar aldosterone response pattern is found after stimulation with ACTH, but only exceptionally after stimulation with potassium; after both stimuli values of 55–75 ng/100 ml have been reached.

Effect of age on plasma aldosterone response to exogenous angiotensin II in normotensive subjects

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 552-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoyu Takeda ◽  
Shinpei Morimoto ◽  
Kenzo Uchida ◽  
Isamu Miyamori ◽  
Tetsuji Hashiba
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

Abstract. The plasma aldosterone response to angiotensin II (10 ng/kg/min for 30 min, iv) under conditions of varied sodium intake was studied in 10 young subjects (20 to 35 years), 9 middle-aged (41 to 56 years) and 11 elderly (66 to 73 years) normotensive subjects. Basal plasma renin activity, basal plasma level and urinary excretion of aldosterone were significantly lower in the elderly than in the young and middle-aged groups on both 130 and 25 mEq sodium intakes. When sodium intake was reduced to 25 mEq for 3 days, the weight loss was significantly greater in the elderly than in the young and middle-aged groups. No significant differences in blood pressure and serum electrolytes were found between the three groups. Angiotensin II infusion caused significant increases in the mean blood pressure in all the three groups, but to a greater extent in the elderly group. Plasma aldosterone level and its absolute increment, but not its per cent increment, after angiotensin II infusion were significantly lower in the elderly than in the young and middle-aged groups. In combined young, middleaged and elderly subjects, the absolute plasma aldosterone increment correlated positively with basal plasma aldosterone and plasma renin activity levels on a 25 mEq sodium intake, and with plasma renin response to sodium restriction. These results suggest that ageing may cause a lesser plasma aldosterone response to angiotensin II with a decrease in basal plasma aldosterone, in parallel with a decrease in plasma renin activity, under condition of low sodium diet.

Effect of sodium restriction on plasma renin activity and renin granules in rat kidney

1979 ◽  
Vol 237 (5) ◽  
pp. F367-F371 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Morimoto ◽  
R. Abe ◽  
A. Fukuhara ◽  
K. Tanaka ◽  
K. Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Sucrose Density Gradient ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Sodium Restriction ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Storage Granules

The present study was carried out to procure detailed information on the relationship between chronic sodium restriction and renin content of kidneys at a subcellular level in the rat. Renin granules (RG) were separated by a discontinuous sucrose-density gradient (from 1.2 to 1.7 M) centrifugation. In control rats, RG were mainly recovered in the fractions corresponding to 1.5 M sucrose, whereas most of the mitochondria, lysosomes, and microsomes equilibrated in upper fractions. The RG fraction contained approximately 60% of total granular renin activity. Low sodium intake for 4 wk resulted in a 12.4-fold increase in plasma renin activity and led to a 2.6-fold increase in renin activity of the RG fraction. But in sodium-restricted rats there was no alteration in the distribution pattern of renin activity on sucrose-density gradients, indicating that there was no change in the density of RG. These results provide evidence for increased renin activity in storage granules following chronic sodium restriction.

Hormonal responses to gradual changes in dietary sodium intake in humans

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (6) ◽  
pp. R1171-R1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Sagnella ◽  
N. D. Markandu ◽  
M. G. Buckley ◽  
M. A. Miller ◽  
D. R. Singer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Hormonal Responses

The effects of gradual (50 mmol/day) increases in dietary sodium intake from 10 to 350 mmol/day on plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), aldosterone, and plasma renin activity (PRA) were studied in six normal subjects. With the increases in sodium intake there was a progressive increase in urinary sodium from 12.2 +/- 4.4 to 314.8 +/- 31.4 mmol/24 h; plasma ANP increased gradually from 9.9 +/- 1.1 to 23.3 +/- 2.2 pg/ml, with the increases being closely associated with the changes in cumulative sodium balance. Plasma aldosterone decreased significantly from 2,519.7 +/- 147.4 pmol/l on the 10 mmol/day to 1,393.3 +/- 125.4 pmol/l when the sodium intake was increased to 50 mmol/day and decreased further to 251.6 +/- 78.7 pmol/l by the end of the study. The changes in PRA paralleled those in plasma aldosterone with the exception of no significant change in plasma PRA within 24 h of the initial increase in sodium intake. This marked sensitivity in the responses of both the ANP and the renin-aldosterone system to small increases in sodium intake clearly points to their importance in the renal adaptations to alterations in dietary sodium intake.

scholarly journals Effects of Ramipril on the Aldosterone/Renin Ratio and the Aldosterone/Angiotensin II Ratio in Patients With Primary Aldosteronism

Hypertension ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 488-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Guo ◽  
Marko Poglitsch ◽  
Diane Cowley ◽  
Oliver Domenig ◽  
Brett C. McWhinney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Ace Inhibitors ◽  
Primary Aldosteronism ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone Concentration

The aldosterone/renin ratio (ARR) is currently considered the most reliable approach for case detection of primary aldosteronism (PA). ACE (Angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors are known to raise renin and lower aldosterone levels, thereby causing false-negative ARR results. Because ACE inhibitors lower angiotensin II levels, we hypothesized that the aldosterone/equilibrium angiotensin II (eqAngII) ratio (AA2R) would remain elevated in PA. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis involving 60 patients with PA and 40 patients without PA revealed that the AA2R was not inferior to the ARR in screening for PA. When using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to measure plasma aldosterone concentration, the predicted optimal AA2R cutoff for PA screening was 8.3 (pmol/L)/(pmol/L). We then compared the diagnostic performance of the AA2R with the ARR among 25 patients with PA administered ramipril (5 mg/day) for 2 weeks. Compared with basally, plasma levels of equilibrium angiotensin I (eqAngI) and direct renin concentration increased significantly ( P <0.01 or P <0.05) after ramipril treatment, whereas eqAngII and ACE activity (eqAngII/eqAngI) decreased significantly ( P <0.01). The changes of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration in the current study were not significant. On day 14, 4 patients displayed false-negative results using ARR_direct renin concentration (plasma aldosterone concentration/direct renin concentration), 3 of whom also showed false-negative ARR_plasma renin activity (plasma aldosterone concentration/plasma renin activity). On day 15, 2 patients still demonstrated false-negative ARR_plasma renin activity, one of whom also showed a false-negative ARR_direct renin concentration. No false-negative AA2R results were observed on either day 14 or 15. In conclusion, compared with ARR which can be affected by ACE inhibitors causing false-negative screening results, the AA2R seems to be superior in detecting PA among subjects receiving ACE inhibitors.

DIURNAL VARIATIONS OF PLASMA ALDOSTERONE IN SUPINE MAN: RELATIONSHIP TO PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY AND PLASMA CORTISOL

1975 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Armbruster ◽  
Wilhelm Vetter ◽  
Rainer Beckerhoff ◽  
Jürg Nussberger ◽  
Hans Vetter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Sodium Restriction

ABSTRACT In order to investigate the role of renin secretion and of ACTH on the circadian rhythm of plasma aldosterone (PA), plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma cortisol (PC) and PA were determined at short-time intervals in 10 normal supine men. Six subjects were studied under a normal sodium intake and 4 under sodium restriction. In 4 subjects the secretion of ACTH was suppressed by dexamethasone. Under normal sodium intake changes in PA seemed to be more in parallel with changes in PC than by those in PRA as indicated by a higher significant correlation between PA and PC than between PA and PRA in 3 of the 4 subjects. In 1 subject no correlation was observed between PA and PC despite visual synchronism between the plasma concentrations of both hormones. Under dexamethasone medication fluctuations in PA were followed by those in PRA while PC was less than 2 μg/100 ml. In the sodium restricted state, changes in PA were closely paralleled and significantly correlated to PRA while no correlation was seen between PA and PC. Under dexamethasone medication the significant correlation between PA and PRA persisted. Our results indicate that in normal supine man the influence of ACTH and renin on PA may vary with different sodium intakes. Under normal sodium intake ACTH seems to be the dominant factor controlling PA, whereas under sodium restriction changes in PA are mediated through the renin angiotensin system. When the secretion of ACTH is suppressed by dexamethasone, renin controls PA both under normal and low sodium intake.

Dissociation of Renin-Aldosterone and Renal Prostaglandin E during Volume Expansion Induced by Immersion in Normal Man

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Epstein ◽  
M. D. Lifschitz ◽  
R. Re ◽  
E. Haber
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone Concentration ◽  
Normal Man

1. The relationship of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis with renal prostaglandin E is complex. Although studies have suggested that these two hormonal systems respond to experimental manipulations in a parallel manner, their interdependence has not been assessed fully during volume expansion. Since studies have demonstrated that in normal man the central hypervolaemia induced by water immersion to the neck produces a prompt and profound suppression of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration without concomitant alteration of plasma composition, immersion afforded a unique opportunity to assess simultaneously the effects of central hypervolaemia on plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone concentration and prostaglandin E excretion. 2. Seven normal subjects were studied twice while in balance on a diet containing 10 mmol of sodium/day, 100 mmol of potassium/day: with indomethacin administration (50 mg given every 6 h for five doses) and without indomethacin. Urinary prostaglandin E excretion was measured hourly and plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration at 30 min intervals. 3. Immersion was associated with a marked suppression of plasma renin activity (59 ± 7%) and plasma aldosterone concentration (55 ± 3%) with a return to pre-study values during the recovery hour. Concomitantly, urinary prostaglandin E excretion increased from 4.7 to a peak of 10.9 ng/min. Although administration of indomethacin lowered the basal rate of urinary prostaglandin E excretion and plasma renin activity, it did not prevent the subsequent augmentation of urinary prostaglandin E or the suppression of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone during the subsequent 4 h of immersion. 4. These results demonstrate a dissociation of renin-aldosterone and prostaglandin E during hypervolaemia and suggest that whereas prostaglandin E may constitute one of the major determinants of renin release clinically and experimentally, these two hormonal systems can be dissociated from each other in response to central volume expansion in man.

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