STUDIES ON ALDOSTERONE BIOSYNTHESIS IN VITRO

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh C. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
The Other ◽  
List Type ◽  
Alternate Route ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Main Pathway ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRACT Biosynthesis of 18-hydroxycorticosterone and aldosterone from radioactive progesterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone, 11-dehydrocorticosterone and corticosterone by adrenals of bullfrogs and that of normals as well as gonadectomized Rhesus monkeys was studied in vitro. The adrenals of monkeys were much less active than those of the frogs. Corticosterone and progesterone were more efficiently converted to 18-hydroxycorticosterone and aldosterone by the frog adrenals while the formation of these products from 11-dehydrocorticosterone was very little; the adrenals from the monkeys utilized the latter compound comparaticely better than the other substrates. The data support that the main pathway for aldosterone biosynthesis is progesterone:→ 11-deoxycorticosterone → corticosterone→ 18-OH-corticosterone → aldosterone. The pathway involving 11-dehydroaldosterone, proposed by some workers, is comparatively less efficient for aldosterone biosynthesis but could be involved as an alternate route and a mechanism for limiting the biosynthesis of aldosterone in mammals.

In vitro insulin-mimetic activity and in vivo metallokinetic feature of oxovanadium(IV)porphyrin complexes in healthy rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 114-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapan K. Saha ◽  
Yutaka Yoshikawa ◽  
Hirouki Yasui ◽  
Hiromu Sakurai
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Insulin Mimetic ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Better Than

We prepared [meso-tetrakis(4-carboxylatophenyl)porphyrinato]oxovanadium(IV) tetrasodium, ([VO(tcpp)]Na4), and investigated its in vitro insulin-mimetic activity and in vivo metallokinetic feature in healthy rats. The results were compared with those of previously proposed insulin-mimetic oxovanadium(IV)porphyrin complexes and oxovanadium(IV) sulphate. The in vitro insulin-mimetic activity and bioavailability of [VO(tcpp)]Na4 were considerably better than those of [meso-tetrakis (1-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrinato]oxovanadium(IV)(4+) tetraperchlorate ([VO(tmpyp)](ClO4)4) and oxovanadium(IV) sulphate. On the other hand, [VO(tcpp)]Na4 and [meso-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrinato]oxidovanadate(IV)(4-)([VO(tpps)]) showed very similar in vitro insulin-mimetic activity and in vivo metallokinetic feature in healthy rats. In particular, the order of in vitro insulin-mimetic activity of the complexes was determined to be: [VO(tcpp)]Na4 ≈ [VO(tpps)] > ([VO(tmpyp)](ClO4)4 > oxovanadium(IV) sulphate.

scholarly journals "In vitro" evaluation of the apical sealing of root canals obturated with different techniques

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Haiub Brosco ◽  
Norberti Bernardineli ◽  
Ivaldo Gomes de Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Wave ◽  
The Other ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Methylene Blue Dye ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Sealing Ability ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Positive Controls

The purpose of this study was to compare the apical sealing of root canals obturated with different techniques. One hundred-six human mandibular incisors were submitted to instrumentation by means of the step-back technique. After instrumentation, one hundred teeth received an impermeable coating on the external surfaces of the crown and root (except for the area nearby the apical foramen). Afterwards, they were divided in five groups containing twenty elements each, according to the obturation technique employed: 1. lateral condensation with Kerr file; 2. continuous wave of condensation technique with System B; 3. thermoplasticized injectable gutta-percha technique with the Ultrafil system; 4. mechanically thermoplasticized gutta-percha with the JS Quick-Fill system and 5. thermoplasticized gutta-percha associated to a master cone with the Microseal system. The six remaining teeth were employed as negative and positive controls. After obturation, the access cavities were sealed and the teeth were immersed in aqueous 2% methylene blue dye for 72 hours at 37ºC. After that, the teeth were longitudinally sectioned and the apical microleakage was evaluated in a stereomicroscope. The Microseal system presented the best apical sealing ability, followed by System B, JS Quick-Fill, Ultrafil and the lateral condensation technique. The statistical analysis of the results demonstrated that: 1. the Microseal system presented an apical sealing similar to System B and better than the other groups; 2. System B presented better apical sealing than the lateral condensation technique, being similar to the other groups; and 3. the lateral condensation, Ultrafil and JS Quick-Fill groups demonstrated similar sealing ability.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Activities of Polyphenolic Extracts of Bangladeshi Vegetables against α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, Pancreatic Lipase, Renin, and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 844
Author(s):  
Razia Sultana ◽  
Adeola M. Alashi ◽  
Khaleda Islam ◽  
Md Saifullah ◽  
C. Emdad Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Ash Gourd ◽  
Better Than

The aim of the study was to determine the in vitro enzyme inhibition activities of aqueous polyphenolic extracts of nine popular Bangladeshi vegetables, namely ash gourd, bitter gourd, brinjal, Indian spinach, kangkong, okra, ridge gourd, snake gourd, and stem amaranth. Polyphenolic glycosides were the major compounds present in the extracts. Inhibition of α-amylase (up to 100% at 1 mg/mL) was stronger than α-glucosidase inhibition (up to 70.78% at 10 mg/mL). The Indian spinach extract was the strongest inhibitor of pancreatic lipase activity (IC50 = 276.77 µg/mL), which was significantly better than that of orlistat (381.16 µg/mL), a drug. Ash gourd (76.51%), brinjal (72.48%), and snake gourd (66.82%) extracts were the most effective inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), an enzyme whose excessive activities have been associated with hypertension. Brinjal also had a significantly higher renin-inhibitory activity than the other vegetable extracts. We conclude that the vegetable extracts may have the ability to reduce enzyme activities that have been associated with hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension.

Effect of Motion on the Recognition of Area by Rhesus Monkeys in a Pseudo-Matching Task

Perception ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 249-249
Author(s):  
H Malecki ◽  
S G Rosolen ◽  
R Bonnier
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
The Other ◽  
Inferior Temporal Cortex ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Target Speed ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Better Than

We examined the effect of target motion on the visual recognition of target area in rhesus monkeys. We used a pseudo-matching visual task, where ten adult monkeys were trained to recognise and point out the bigger one of two achromatic squares of different areas but having the same luminance and presented on the same background. The video screen was placed 0.5 m in front of their faces. The two areas were randomly sampled out of five areas (49, 72.25, 100, 132.25, and 169 mm2). The speed of the targets was varied in this paradigm (0, 6, 11, 16, 21, or 26 deg s−1). Performance in terms of area recognition thresholds was calculated for each monkey on the basis of 100 trials in standardised environmental conditions. Statistical analysis showed that performance with a target speed of 16 deg s−1 was significantly better than in the other conditions ( p<0.01). We conclude that this pseudo-matching task, based on a cognitive paradigm, reveals a significant effect of motion on the visual recognition of area in rhesus monkeys. The activities of specific cortical areas (V4 and V5) should be studied by other techniques in order to characterise those involved in remembering an object's qualities and those responding to motion. The links between V4, V5, and inferior temporal cortex could be tested with the aid of this pseudo-matching task.

scholarly journals PREDICTION OF ACTIVITY SPECTRA OF SUBSTANCES ASSISTED PREDICTION OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY SPECTRA OF POTENTIAL ANTI-ALZHEIMER’S PHYTOCONSTITUENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Abhinav Anand ◽  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Navneet Khurana
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Input Line ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Better Than

Objective: To predict the biological activity of certain phytoconstituents for their anti-AD effects.Methods: Several phytoconstituents were selected on the basis of reported literature. The anti-AD activities of selected phytoconstituents were predicted by employing canonical simplified molecular-input line-entry system obtained from PubChem using PASS online.Results: Several phytoconstituents were predicted to have effects better than marketed drugs under some or the other out of the chosen six areas of pharmacological intervention. On the other hand, several new avenues were predicted in which the in vitro and in vivo evaluation of the phytoconstituents can be made on the basis of PASS predicted activities.Conclusion: PASS is an important tool for virtually screening the compounds of interest for the biological activities of interest. This helps the researchers to streamline the research. However, PASS has its own share of limitations amidst a multitude of merits.

Influence of administration of ovarian steroids on the function of neutrophils isolated from the blood and uterus of ovariectomized mares

1987 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Watson ◽  
C. R. Stokes ◽  
F. J. Bourne
Keyword(s):  
Marked Effect ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ovarian Steroids ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Random Migration ◽  
Blood Neutrophils ◽  
And Control ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRACT The function of blood and uterine luminal neutrophils from ovariectomized mares treated with ovarian steroids was investigated 18 h after intrauterine infusion of 1 × 109 Streptococcus zooepidemicus. Random migration of blood neutrophils under agarose was reduced by treatment with progesterone compared with that of neutrophils from oestradiol-treated and control mares. In-vitro addition of progesterone to blood neutrophils from acyclic ponies also reduced migration. Uterine neutrophils did not migrate under agarose which was probably an effect of bacterial phagocytosis. Hormone treatment had little effect on phagocytosis of yeast blastospores by blood neutrophils. Phagocytosis by uterine neutrophils from oestradiol-treated and control mares was significantly better than that by blood neutrophils. In progesterone-treated mares, however, phagocytosis by uterine neutrophils was significantly lower than that in the other two treatment groups and was similar to that measured in blood neutrophils. The results indicate a marked effect of progesterone in reducing both migration of blood neutrophils and phagocytosis by uterine neutrophils. J. Endocr. (1987) 112, 443–448

scholarly journals Salt concentrations in culture media for the development of Dipteryx alata in vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1295-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elequisandra da Costa Araruna ◽  
João Paulo Ribeiro-Oliveira ◽  
Vanderley José Pereira ◽  
Simone Abreu Asmar ◽  
Berildo de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apex ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
In Vitro Establishment ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Dipteryx Alata

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate how salt concentrations in media used for in vitro cultures affect the early development of “barueiro” (Dipteryx alata) seedlings obtained from the shoot apex. Two different in vitro culture media - Murashige & Skoog (MS) and wood plant medium (WPM) - in different salt concentrations (25, 50, 75, and 100%) were used. At 120 days, the D. alata seedlings in the MS medium, in its original concentration (100%), developed better than in other concentrations or in the WPM. Therefore, the MS medium was considered the most suitable for ensuring in vitro establishment because it provided greater root length (27.65 cm) and number of leaves per plant (26 leaves) than the other medium.

In Vitro Propagation of Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 461e-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. El-Badry ◽  
G.I. Shalaby ◽  
N.M. Kandeel ◽  
M.H. Aboul-Nasr
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local Cultivar ◽  
Leaf Formation ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Better Than

This study was carried out in the Tissue Culture Laboratory and the Experiment Field of the Dept. of Horticulture, Assiut Univ. Two garlic cultivars i.e., El-Balady (local cultivar) and the Chinese were used. Two media, MS and B5, were supplemented with 4%, 8%, 12% and 16% sucrose. The 8% sucrose gave best number of roots, root length and leaf length as compared to the other sucrose concentrations used in this study. Four percent or 16% sucrose gave the lowest values of these characters. The MS gave higher values in most of the studied characters than that of the B5. In another experiment three growth regulators i.e. IBA, BA and GA3 or used at 0, 5, 10, 20 ppm in two media, MS and B5 supplemented with 3% sucrose. All the studied growth regulators gave higher values than the control in respect of the all studied characters. The IBA was better than BA and GA3 in root formation, while GA3 was better than BA and IBA in leaf formation. It is found that 5 ppm of IBA formed the highest number of roots, root length and percentage of root formation. On the other hand, the 20 ppm of GA3 gave the highest number of leaves and leaf length. The garlic plantlets were successfully acclimatized in the laboratory giving 67.8% survival for the Balady cv. and about 62.6% for Chinese cv. The survival rate of these plantlets were 74.5% for the Balady cv. and 78.5% for the Chinese cv. on transfer to the open-field. No chromosomal aberrations was noticed.

In vitro germination of three Cypripedium species in relation to time of seed collection, media, and cold treatment

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 879-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. De Pauw ◽  
W. R. Remphrey
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Seed Maturity ◽  
Better Than

To maximize the in vitro seed germination of three Cypripedium species, C. candidum Muhl. ex Willd., C. reginae Walt., and C. calceolus var. parviflorum Salisb. Fern., the optimum time of seed collection and the suitability of various media were studied. A cold treatment was investigated for C. candidum. Seed pods were collected at regular intervals after pollination, ranging from green pods at 5 weeks to dry undehisced pods at 12 weeks. Seed was inoculated onto three media, Harvais, Van Waes and Debergh, and a modified Norstog and germination was assessed at 4-week intervals for 20 weeks. Cypripedium reginae germinated better than the other two species. Except for C. candidum in 1989 when germination peaked for seed collected at 6 weeks after pollination, seed collected at 8 weeks after pollination had the highest germination. After 8 weeks, germination decreased sharply in all species, dropping below 1% for C. candidum. There were differences among media but the effects on germination were not consistent and depended on the year, the date of collection, and the species. Subsequent development of protocorms was superior in all cases on the modified Norstog medium. The effect of cold treatment on germination of C. candidum was variable and therefore its importance is questionable. Key words: in vitro, germination, Cypripedium, lady's slippers, seed maturity.

scholarly journals Use of Vesicular–Arbuscular Mycorrhizae in Boston Fern Production: II. Evaluation of Four Inocula

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ponton ◽  
Y. Piché ◽  
S. Parent ◽  
M. Caron
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
The Other ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation ◽  
Better Than

Rooted plantlets of in vitro micropropagated Boston fern [Nephrolepis exaltata (L.) Schott var. Whitmanii] were transferred to pots containing a brown peat-based mix and simultaneously inoculated with one of four species of Glomus. Glomus intraradices and G. clarum formed rapid and extensive infection in Nephrolepis exaltata roots, while Glomus vesiculiferum and G. versiforme showed a significantly slower rate of infection. The high P fertilized control performed better than the other treatments, except in the number of fronds, which was similar. From the four mycorrhizal treatments, plants inoculated with Glomus vesiculiferum showed the most significant increase in growth when compared with the low P fertilization control. These results led us to re-examine vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation as an alternative to higher P fertilization in horticultural Boston fern production.

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