PATHWAYS IN THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF ANDROSTENEDIONE IN THE HUMAN OVARY IN VITRO

1969 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asbjørn Aakvaag
Keyword(s):  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Ovary ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Human Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Relative Utilization

ABSTRACT Human ovarian tissue was incubated with pregnenolone and progesterone simultaneously, one labelled with 3H, the other with 14C. Isolation and quantitation of metabolites indicated that the preferred pathway to androstenedione from pregnenolone was through the Δ5-intermediates, in normal tissue, as well as in tissue from a patient with the Stein-Leventhal's syndrome. Metabolism of pregnenolone was essentially unaffected by the progesterone concentration in the medium. Addition of human chorionic gonadotrophin to the medium did not influence the relative utilization of the two substrates for biosynthesis of androstenedione.

EFFECT OF LUTEINIZING HORMONE ON THE CONCENTRATION OF CYCLIC GMP IN RABBIT OVARIES

1978 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-252
Author(s):  
V. V. PATWARDHAN ◽  
A. LANTHIER
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Cyclic Gmp ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Direction Opposite ◽  
Stimulation Of

Laboratoire d'Endocrinologie, Hôpital Notre-Dame et Département de Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada (Received 28 June 1978) Cyclic AMP has been implicated as an intermediate in some of the actions of luteinizing hormone (LH) on ovarian tissues, such as stimulation of steroidogenesis (LeMaire & Marsh, 1975). Both in vitro (Marsh, Butcher, Savard & Sutherland, 1966) and in vivo (Armstrong, Dorrington & Robinson, 1976), stimulation with LH results in a rapid increase in the amount of cyclic AMP in ovarian tissues, which precedes the LH-induced increase in steroidogenesis. Recently, studies on rat ovaries (Grinwich, Ham, Hichens & Behrman, 1976; Ratner, 1976; Ratner & Sanborn, 1976) have indicated that the ovarian tissue content of cyclic GMP may also be regulated by LH, but in a direction opposite to that of cyclic AMP. In the rabbit, Goff & Major (1975) have shown that administration of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) causes a biphasic increase

Effects of gonadal steroids and human chorionic gonadotrophin on final oocyte maturation in vitro in the New Zealand snapper Pagrus auratus (Sparidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 467 ◽  
Author(s):  
AR Ventling ◽  
NW Pankhurst
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Gonadal Steroids ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Final Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Pagrus Auratus

This study investigated the role of steroids and gonadotrophin in final oocyte maturation (FOM) in the New Zealand snapper (Pagrus auratus) by means of in vitro techniques. Ovarian fragments containing vitellogenic oocytes were incubated for up to 48 h with a range of doses of gonadal steroids andlor human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). The ability of ovarian tissue to synthesize putative maturational steroids was assessed by measuring production of 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen- 3-one (17,20βP) by ovarian fragments incubated with hCG and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17P). 17,20βP was consistently the most effective maturational steroid, inducing FOM at doses as low as 1 ng mI-1. The next most potent steroids were 20β-hydroxylated progestins and 17P, which were effective at relatively high doses (100 ng mI-1) only. The single androgen tested (testosterone) was least effective at inducing FOM. Oocytes were less responsive to hCG alone than to steroids, but the combination of hCG and steroids enhanced responsiveness in some incubations. Oocytes produced 17,20βP in response to treatment with 17P, and the response was augmented by co-treatment with hCG. HCG alone was ineffective at stimulating production of 17,20βP. The results of this study are consistent with reports that 17,20βP is generally the most potent steroid for the induction of FOM in teleosts.

A new in vitro model for pre-transplantation diagnosis of frozen/thawed human ovarian tissue

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Salama ◽  
K Winkler ◽  
KF Murach ◽  
S Hofer ◽  
L Wildt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Human Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Vitro Model

STEROID FORMATION IN PORCINE OVARIAN TISSUE IN VITRO

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asbjørn Aakvaag
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Scintillation ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Similar Concentration ◽  
Endogenous Substrates ◽  
Exogenous Progesterone ◽  
Relative Utilization ◽  
Radioactive Substrate

ABSTRACT Slices of non-luteinized porcine ovaries have been incubated in the presence or absence of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) and exogenous radioactive substrates. Progesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and androstenedione were isolated in a radiochemically pure form. The chemical mass and the specific activity were determined by gas liquid chromatography and liquid scintillation spectrometry. HCG stimulated the rate of formation of androstenedione in the absence of exogenous substrates with a factor of 4–8. In the presence of pregnenolone or progesterone at a concentration of about 2 × 10−6 mol/l the stimulatory effect of HCG was either abolished or markedly reduced. The conversion of exogenous progesterone to androstenedione was reduced in response to HCG indicating that the capacity of the tissue to convert progesterone to androstenedione was limited, and that the limit was reached at this rather low substrate concentration. These findings furthermore suggest that the endogenous rather than the exogenous radioactive substrate will be »preferred« by the tissue. The observations demonstrate the necessity of measuring both the radioactivity and the chemical mass of the products in investigations of this type using radioactive substrates. The formation of progesterone from endogenous substrates was also stimulated by HCG. [1-14C] acetate and [7α-3H]cholesterol were not utilized by the tissue for steroid formation. Exogenous [4-14C] pregnenolone and [7α-3H] progesterone in similar concentration were both utilized for production of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and androstenedione. HCG had no effect on the relative utilization of the radioactive substrates.

STIMULATION BY HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN OF OESTRADIOL PRODUCTION BY DISPERSED CELLS FROM HUMAN CORPUS LUTEUM: COMPARISON WITH PROGESTERONE PRODUCTION; UTILIZATION OF EXOGENOUS TESTOSTERONE

1981 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. RICHARDSON ◽  
G. M. MASSON
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Progesterone Production ◽  
Late Luteal Phase ◽  
Oestradiol Production ◽  
Dispersed Cells

Cell suspensions were prepared from tissue samples of human corpora lutea obtained during the mid- and late-luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Both oestradiol and progesterone production by dispersed cells were stimulated by similar concentrations of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). As the degree of stimulation of production by hCG was greater for progesterone than for oestradiol (five- to tenfold compared with two- to threefold higher than basal production), the ratio of progesterone to oestradiol produced varied according to the level of trophic stimulation. A comparison of cell suspensions prepared from mid- and late-luteal phase corpora lutea, exposed to the same concentration of hCG (10 i.u./ml) in vitro, did not reveal a shift to oestradiol production in the late-luteal phase. Provision of additional testosterone during incubation raised the level of oestradiol production by dispersed luteal cells. At an optimum concentration of testosterone (1 μmol/l), oestradiol synthesis was not raised further in the presence of hCG or N6, O2-dibutyryl cyclic AMP, suggesting a lack of induction or activation of the aromatase system by gonadotrophin in short-term cultures. Basal and stimulated levels of progesterone production were not significantly impaired in the presence of testosterone.

Slush nitrogen vitrification of human ovarian tissue does not alter gene expression and improves follicle health and progression in long-term in vitro culture

2018 ◽  
Vol 110 (7) ◽  
pp. 1356-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenza Barbato ◽  
Roberto Gualtieri ◽  
Teresa Capriglione ◽  
Maria Michela Pallotta ◽  
Sabrina Braun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Human Ovarian Tissue

scholarly journals Association Between Serum Oestradiol Level on the Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin Administration Day and Neonatal Birthweight After in Vitro Fertilization-embryo Transfer: A Retrospective Study of 3659 Singleton Live Births

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Liu ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Yihong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Ivf Et ◽  
Group 1

Abstract BackgroundOestradiol, an important hormone in follicular development and endometrial receptivity, is closely related to clinical outcomes of fresh in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycles. A supraphysiologic E2 level is inevitable during controlled ovarian hyper-stimulation (COH), and its effect on the outcome of IVF-ET is controversial. The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the association between elevated serum oestradiol (E2) levels on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) administration and neonatal birthweight after IVF-ET cycles.MethodsThe data of 3659 infertile patients with fresh IVF-ET cycles were analysed retrospectively between August 2009 and February 2017 in First Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Patients were categorized by serum E2 levels on the day of hCG administration into six groups: group 1 (serum E2 levels≤1000 pg/mL, n=230), group 2 (serum E2 levels between 1001 and 2000 pg/mL, n=524), group 3 (serum E2 levels between 2001 and 3000 pg/mL, n=783), group 4 (serum E2 levels between 3001 and 4000 pg/mL, n = 721), group 5 (serum E2 levels between 4001 and 5000 pg/mL, n=548 ), and group 6 (serum E2 levels > 5000 pg/mL, n=852). Univariate linear regression was used to evaluate the independent correlation between each factor and outcome index. Multiple logistic regression was used to adjust for confounding factors.ResultsThe LBW rates were as follows: 3.0% (group 1), 2.9% (group 2), 1.9% (group 3), 2.9% (group 4), and 2.0% (group 6) (P =0.629), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidences of neonatal LBW among the six groups. We did not detect an association between peak serum E2 level during ovarian stimulation and neonatal birthweight after IVF-ET.ConclusionThe results of this retrospective cohort study showed that serum E2 peak levels during ovarian stimulation were not associated with birth weight during IVF cycles. In addition, no association was found between higher E2 levels and increased LBW risk. Our observations suggest that the hyper-oestrogenic milieu during COS does not seem to have adverse effects on the birthweight of offspring after IVF.

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