COMBINATION OF POTASSIUM PERCHLORATE AND PROPYLTHIOURACIL IN THE TREATMENT OF THYROTOXICOSIS

1968 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Røkke ◽  
J. H. Vogt
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Potassium Perchlorate ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol

ABSTRACT A report is given on 95 thyrotoxic patients treated with a combination of 400 mg propylthiouracil and 400 mg of potassium perchlorate. Perchlorate was stopped when a marked remission of symptoms was obtained, on an average after less than 7 weeks. Euthyroidism was found on an average after 7.2 weeks. The basal metabolic rate, PBI, plasma total cholesterol and weight showed a fairly rapid normalization. Thirteen of the 95 patients were given radio-iodine therapy shortly before drug therapy was started. The remaining 82 cases were grouped together with the 23 cases previously reported. Of the total of 105 cases, 96 became euthyroid on combined therapy. For the frequency of side-effects, the thirteen cases mentioned above were included, giving a total of 118 cases. Eight cases showed an increase in goitre size and 15 cases had other side-effects, of which three were granulocytopenia due to propylthiouracil. The possibility of a higher frequency of mainly minor side-effects on combined therapy has to be balanced against the seemingly rapid and reliable therapeutic effect. Combined treatment, perhaps with even smaller doses than reported here, can be recommended in selected cases of thyrotoxicosis where a shortening of the thyrotoxic state seems of importance, or possibly where difficulties due to iodine exposure may be anticipated, provided adequate control measures are taken.

Sex Variation and Drug Therapy

1977 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 398-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Proksch ◽  
Peter P. Lamy
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Gastric Motility ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection

A literature review of gender differences with drug therapy is presented. Physiological differences between the sexes in basal metabolic rate and in levels of certain of the circulating hormones and enzymes affect or influence the metabolism of various drugs. Differences in muscle mass, disposition of adipose tissue and vascular resistance can lead to variations in response between the sexes to IM injections, while plasma levels of orally administered drugs can be influenced by sex differences such as gastric motility and secretion, metabolic rate, pregnancy, and differences in drug distributive compartments. These differences in gender response to a given therapy can vary according to the patient's age. Adverse reactions to drugs are also affected by the patient's gender, and certain drugs have been shown to induce adverse reactions predominantly in one sex. The review illustrates the confusion surrounding this subject and stresses the importance of sex differences in the consideration and monitoring of drug therapy. Information on sex and age of patients, and possible sex differences in response to drug therapy is requested of all future therapeutic studies. It was further suggested that the dual genetic coverage may be the mechanism by which the sex difference in susceptibility to infection can be explained. Support for this theory can best be found in a brief discussion of sex-linked diseases. The transmission from parents to offspring of defects, which may manifest themselves as disease, may be genetic in origin (Table 2).41 Due to the transmission of these diseases by the sex chromosomes, the male, having only one X-chromosome, is afflicted more often by these diseases. This leads one to conclude that given like conditions, females are better adapted to cope with many human diseases because they are genetically and chemically better evolved.

scholarly journals Efficiency and safety of transfer of type 2 diabetes patients inadequately controlled on metformin alone to combined therapy with metformin and diabeton MB

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Alexander Sergeevich Ametov ◽  
Lyudmila Nikolaevna Bogdanova
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
Metformin Monotherapy

Aim. To evaluate efficiency and tolerability of diabeton MB/metformin combination in patients failing to achieve optimal glycemic control when onmetformin monotherapy and prove advantages of this combination over combined low-dose therapy with glibenclamide and metformin. Materials and methods. The study included 464 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who poorly responded to metformin monotherapy. It was supplementedby diabeton MB. Efficiency and tolerability of combined treatment was evaluated from dynamics of glycemia and frequency of side-effects.40 patients were included in detailed comparative assessment (laboratory and instrumental, CGMS) of this monotherapy and fixed low-dose combinationof glibenclamide with metformin. Results. Results of comparison show that diabeton MB/metformin combination ensured most optimal glycemic control with a minimal risk of side effects. Conclusion. Diabeton MB/metformin combination is convenient, efficient and safe.

Development of new predictive equations for basal metabolic rate in Iranian healthy adults: negligible effect of sex

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Bahareh Nikooyeh ◽  
Nastaran Shariatzadeh ◽  
Ali Kalayi ◽  
Maliheh Zahedirad ◽  
Tirang R. Neyestani
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Predictive Equations ◽  
Normal Thyroid Function ◽  
Asian People ◽  
Predictive Formulas

Abstract. Some studies have reported inaccuracy of predicting basal metabolic rate (BMR) by using common equations for Asian people. Thus, this study was undertaken to develop new predictive equations for the Iranian community and also to compare their accuracy with the commonly used formulas. Anthropometric measures and thyroid function were evaluated for 267 healthy subjects (18–60 y). Indirect calorimetry (InCal) was performed only for those participants with normal thyroid function tests (n = 252). Comparison of predicted RMR (both kcal/d and kcal.kg.wt−1.d−1) using current predictive formulas and measured RMR revealed that Harris-Benedict and FAO/WHO/UNU significantly over-estimated and Mifflin-St. Jeor significantly under-estimated RMR as compared to InCal measurements. In stepwise regression analysis for developing new equations, the highest r2 (=0.89) was from a model comprising sex, height and weight. However, further analyses revealed that unlike the subjects under 30 y, the association between age and the measured RMR in subjects 30 y and plus was negative (r = −0.241, p = 0.001). As a result, two separate equations were developed for these two age groups. Over 80 percent of variations were covered by the new equations. In conclusion, there were statistical significant under- and over-estimation of RMR using common predictive equations in our subjects. Using the new equations, the accuracy of the calculated RMR increased remarkably.

Can night eating syndrome increase basal metabolic rate?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senay Topsakal ◽  
Guzin Fidan Yaylalı ◽  
Semin Melahat Fenkci
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Night Eating Syndrome ◽  
Night Eating

scholarly journals Olaparib-mediated enhancement of 5-fluorouracil cytotoxicity in mismatch repair deficient colorectal cancer cells

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena de Castro e Gloria ◽  
Laura Jesuíno Nogueira ◽  
Patrícia Bencke Grudzinski ◽  
Paola Victória da Costa Ghignatti ◽  
Temenouga Nikolova Guecheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Mismatch Repair ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Human Colon Cancer

Abstract Background The advances in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment include the identification of deficiencies in Mismatch Repair (MMR) pathway to predict the benefit of adjuvant 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and oxaliplatin for stage II CRC and immunotherapy. Defective MMR contributes to chemoresistance in CRC. A growing body of evidence supports the role of Poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, such as Olaparib, in the treatment of different subsets of cancer beyond the tumors with homologous recombination deficiencies. In this work we evaluated the effect of Olaparib on 5-FU cytotoxicity in MMR-deficient and proficient CRC cells and the mechanisms involved. Methods Human colon cancer cell lines, proficient (HT29) and deficient (HCT116) in MMR, were treated with 5-FU and Olaparib. Cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT and clonogenic assays, apoptosis induction and cell cycle progression by flow cytometry, DNA damage by comet assay. Adhesion and transwell migration assays were also performed. Results Our results showed enhancement of the 5-FU citotoxicity by Olaparib in MMR-deficient HCT116 colon cancer cells. Moreover, the combined treatment with Olaparib and 5-FU induced G2/M arrest, apoptosis and polyploidy in these cells. In MMR proficient HT29 cells, the Olaparib alone reduced clonogenic survival, induced DNA damage accumulation and decreased the adhesion and migration capacities. Conclusion Our results suggest benefits of Olaparib inclusion in CRC treatment, as combination with 5-FU for MMR deficient CRC and as monotherapy for MMR proficient CRC. Thus, combined therapy with Olaparib could be a strategy to overcome 5-FU chemotherapeutic resistance in MMR-deficient CRC.

Metabolic Age, an Index Based on Basal Metabolic Rate, Can Predict Individuals That are High Risk of Developing Metabolic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarahi Vásquez-Alvarez ◽  
Sergio K. Bustamante-Villagomez ◽  
Gabriela Vazquez-Marroquin ◽  
Leonardo M. Porchia ◽  
Ricardo Pérez-Fuentes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Metabolic Age

scholarly journals The decoupled nature of basal metabolic rate and body temperature in endotherm evolution

Nature ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 572 (7771) ◽  
pp. 651-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Avaria-Llautureo ◽  
Cristián E. Hernández ◽  
Enrique Rodríguez-Serrano ◽  
Chris Venditti
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate
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