CONVERSION OF DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE-7α-3H TO OESTROGENS BY CORPUS LUTEUM, PLACENTA, AND PLACENTA PLUS FOETAL VISCERA IN EARLY HUMAN PREGNANCY

1967 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Hsiu Wu ◽  
George L. Flickinger ◽  
Joseph C. Touchstone
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Human Pregnancy ◽  
Early Human

ABSTRACT A corpus luteum, placenta, and placenta plus foetal viscera of a 13-week old human pregnancy were incubated with dehydroepiandrosterone-7α-3H in vitro. Conversion to oestrone and 17β-oestradiol was found in all incubates. Oestriol was formed from dehydroepiandrosterone only in the incubate of placenta plus foetal viscera. Thus, in early pregnancy dehydroepiandrosterone may serve as a precursor for oestrogen biosynthesis not only in the foeto-placental compartment, but also in the corpus luteum.

Estrogen formation in vitro by fetal liver, fetal adrenal gland, and placenta of early human pregnancy

1970 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Hsiu Wu ◽  
George L. Flickinger ◽  
David F. Archer ◽  
Joseph C. Touchstone
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Human Pregnancy ◽  
Early Human

Early human pregnancy in vitro utilizing an artificially perfused uterus

1988 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 991-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Bulletti ◽  
Valerio Maria Jasonni ◽  
Stefania Tabanelli ◽  
Luca Gianaroli ◽  
Patrizia Maria Ciotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Pregnancy ◽  
Early Human

Specific binding sites for progesterone in subcellular fractions of the porcine corpus luteum

1994 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
G S Menzies ◽  
T A Bramley
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Buoyant Density ◽  
Subcellular Fractions ◽  
Particulate Fraction ◽  
Luteal Cell

Abstract Subcellular fractionation of porcine corpus luteum (CL) homogenates on continuous sucrose gradients has previously demonstrated that most of the endogenous progesterone of the CL was associated with a unique particulate fraction. Exogenous radiolabelled steroids were also sequestered with some specificity by this fraction. We now report that this particulate fraction is capable of binding high levels of exogenous 3H-labelled progesterone (and pregnenolone) in vitro, but only in the presence of the saponin, digitonin. Binding was dependent on the pH, temperature and duration of incubation, and showed specificity and high affinity for progesterone (Kd, 79 nm). Androgens, oestrogens and pregnenolone competed for porcine luteal [3H] progesterone binding sites, but only at much higher concentrations, whereas cholesterol, a number of progesterone receptor agonist and antagonist analogues and inhibitors of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and C17-hydroxylase/C17,20-lyase did not compete. Analysis of profiles for a number of luteal cell-surface membrane and intracellular organelle markers confirmed previous studies showing the association of an NADH-cytochrome C reductase with this fraction. Moreover, the content of endogenous progesterone associated with particulate subcellular fractions isolated from porcine granulosa cell (GC) and CL homogenates at different stages of the luteal phase and early pregnancy waxed and waned with the stage of the luteal phase (and the secretory activity of the CL). Binding of [3H]progesterone in vitro equilibrated at the same buoyant density as endogenous progesterone: levels of both were highest during the mid-luteal phase and during early pregnancy, lower in early and late luteal CL, and undetectable in corpora albicantia. In contrast, relaxin secretory granules were readily resolved from progesterone binding sites. We propose that these particulate progesterone binding sites may be involved in the sequestration and/or packaging of newly-synthesized steroid for secretion by the luteal cell, or may mediate actions of progesterone within the luteal cell. Journal of Endocrinology (1994) 142, 101–110

scholarly journals Possible involvement of IFNT in lymphangiogenesis in the corpus luteum during the maternal recognition period in the cow

Reproduction ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
pp. 879-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akane Nitta ◽  
Koumei Shirasuna ◽  
Shingo Haneda ◽  
Motozumi Matsui ◽  
Takashi Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Lymphatic Endothelial Cell ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Interferon Tau ◽  
Factor C

The corpus luteum (CL), which secretes large amounts of progesterone and is thus essential for establishing pregnancy, contains various types of immune cells that may play essential roles in CL function by generating immune responses. The lymphatic system is the second circulation system and is necessary for immune function, but the lymphatic system of the bovine CL has not been characterized in detail. We collected bovine CLs on days 12 and 16 of the estrous cycle (C12 and C16) and days 16 and 40 of early pregnancy (P16 and P40). Lymphatic endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE1) protein was detected in the CL by immunohistochemistry and western blotting and increased at P40 compared with C16. The mRNA expression levels of lymphangiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGFC),VEGFD, and their common receptorVEGFR3, as well as the lymphatic endothelial cell (LyEC) marker podoplanin, increased in P16 and P40 CLs. Thus, it is suggested that the lymphatic system of the bovine CL reconstitutes during early pregnancy. Interferon tau (IFNT) from the conceptus in the uterus is a candidate for activating luteal lymphangiogenesis during the maternal recognition period (MRP). We found that treatment of LyECs isolated from internal iliac lymphatic vessels with IFNT stimulated LyEC proliferation and significantly increased mRNA expression ofVEGFCand IFN-stimulated gene 15. Moreover, both IFNT and VEGFC induced LyECs to form capillary-like tubesin vitro. In conclusion, it is suggested that new lymphangiogenesis in the bovine CL begins during the MRP and that IFNT may mediate this novel phenomenon.

Role of progesterone in embryo development in cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pat Lonergan ◽  
Niamh Forde ◽  
Thomas Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
In Vitro Experiments ◽  
Conceptus Development

Progesterone (P4) from the corpus luteum is critical for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy and plays a major role in regulating endometrial secretions essential for stimulating and mediating changes in conceptus growth and differentiation throughout early pregnancy in ruminants. Numerous studies have demonstrated an association between elevated systemic P4 and acceleration in conceptus elongation. A combination of in vivo and in vitro experiments found that the effects of P4 on conceptus elongation are indirect and mediated through P4-induced effects in the endometrium. Despite effects on elongation, data on the effects of post-insemination supplementation with P4 on pregnancy rates are conflicting. This review highlights the effects of P4 on conceptus development and examines strategies that have been undertaken to manipulate P4 concentrations to increase fertility.

scholarly journals Measurement of Inhibin and Activin in Early Human Pregnancy: Demonstration of Fetoplacental Origin and Role in Prediction of Early-Pregnancy Outcome1

1997 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1490-1494 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Lockwood ◽  
W. L. Ledger ◽  
D. H. Barlow ◽  
N. P. Groome ◽  
S. Muttukrishna
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Human Pregnancy ◽  
Early Human
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