WATER AND ELECTROLYTE CONTENT OF SKELETAL MUSCLE IN ACROMEGALY

1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genaro Palmieri ◽  
Denis Ikkos
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Intracellular Sodium ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Electrolyte Content

ABSTRACT Measurements of the fat, water, sodium, potassium and chloride content of muscle were performed in biopsies obtained from nine unselected acromegalic patients. The water, sodium and chloride contents were normal, while the potassium content was significantly increased (P < 0.01) by eight per cent. These results were interpreted as showing that the intracellular sodium content of the muscle is normal in acromegaly and that there is no extracellular oedema in this disease.

The Response of the Human Leucocyte to Alterations in Extracellular Osmolality

1973 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Patrick ◽  
P. J. Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Passive Movement ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Intracellular Sodium ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Permeable Membrane ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

1. The effect of variations in extracellular osmolality from 249 to 345 mosmol/kg upon the sodium, potassium and water content of human leucocytes has been studied. 2. Similar studies were performed using human erythrocytes. 3. Changes in the leucocyte water content were not explicable in terms of passive movement of water across an ‘ideal’ semi-permeable membrane. 4. Hypo-osmolal swelling was associated with a rise in intracellular sodium content and hyperosmolal shrinkage was associated with a fall in intracellular sodium content. 5. There were no significant changes in sodium and potassium content of the erythrocyte with altered external osmolality.

Cell Sodium, Potassium and Water in Uraemia and the Effects of Regular Dialysis as Studied in the Leucocyte

1974 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 583-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Patrick ◽  
N. F. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Intracellular Sodium ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Cell Water ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Water Contents

1. The leucocyte has been used as a model for the study of intracellular sodium, potassium and water in uraemia. The advantages of this cell are described. 2. In undialysed patients with advanced renal failure leucocyte sodium and water contents were significantly greater than normal. Leucocyte potassium content (mmol/kg of dry solids) and concentration (mmol/l of cell water) were reduced. 3. In patients receiving regular dialysis leucocyte water was significantly reduced. Leucocyte potassium content was also reduced in this group, but leucocyte potassium concentration in cell water had returned to normal. 4. In the normal subjects and also in the dialysed patients leucocyte water correlated better with potassium than with sodium content. In contrast, in the undialysed uraemic patients leucocyte water correlated better with sodium than with potassium content, indicating that the increased cell sodium was an important determinant of the increased cell water in this group.

Sodium, Potassium and Glutamate Content of Guinea Pig Brain Following Exposure to Oxygen at High Pressure

1957 ◽  
Vol 190 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Kaplan ◽  
S. N. Stein
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Brain Excitability ◽  
Electrolyte Content ◽  
Pig Brain ◽  
Guinea Pig Brain

Intact animals exposed to 6.6 atm. absolute of oxygen showed a significant increase in brain sodium although the potassium content remained unchanged. There was also no change in glutamate content after exposure to OHP. The experiments seem to provide additional evidence that changes in brain electrolyte content or ‘binding’ are significant in the chain of events leading to increased brain excitability after exposure to OHP.

Skeletal muscle sodium and potassium changes after successful surgery in acromegaly: relation to body composition, blood glucose, plasma insulin and blood pressure

1993 ◽  
Vol 128 (5) ◽  
pp. 418-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Landin ◽  
Björn Petruson ◽  
Karl-Erik Jakobsson ◽  
Bengt-Åke Bengtsson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Total Body

The aim of this study was to investigate the skeletal muscle sodium/potassium (Na/K) ratio in acromegaly before and 1 year after trans-sphenoidal removal of a growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenoma. Muscle biopsies were taken and skeletal muscle electrolytes, body composition, glucose, insulin and blood pressure were studied. Fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin levels, but not blood pressure, were higher in acromegalic patients (N = 9) than in controls (N = 6). The skeletal muscle potassium content was higher (p <0.01) but the sodium content and the Na/K ratio were lower (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively) in untreated patients with acromegaly as compared to weight-matched healthy controls. Elevated GH, glucose and insulin levels normalized after surgery. Blood pressure remained unchanged. The total body potassium content, the lean body mass and the total body water content decreased and the body fat content increased while the body weight was unchanged. The skeletal muscle potassium content decreased from [median (range)] 9.8 (9.2–11.5) to 7.7 (5.7–9.5) mmol/100 g wet wt (p<0.001). The skeletal muscle sodium content increased from 2.8 (2.5–3.9) to 5.1 (4.3–6.7) mmol/100 g wet wt (p<0.001) and the Na/K ratio increased from 0.28 (0.26–0.38) to 0.56 (0.51–1.18) (p< 0.001) after surgery, which is a higher level than the controls with a Na/K ratio of 0.47 (0.39–0.84) (p<0.01). These changes seem to be mediated by a decreased GH effect on the Na/K pump after successful trans-sphenoidal surgery in acromegaly.

Effect of Acute Removal of Potassium From the Body on Tissue Electrolytes

1958 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 634-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehia A. Habib ◽  
George C. Nichopoulos ◽  
Richard R. Overman
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cardiac Muscle ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Extracellular Space ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Free Fluid ◽  
Blood Potassium

Following a 2-hour period of vividialysis against a potassium free fluid, the rate of loss of potassium from the blood of dogs was determined (using K42) as well as the electrolyte and water content of heart, liver and skeletal muscle. A significant increase in potassium content of cardiac muscle and in sodium content of liver was found. There was a definite decrease in the specific activity of muscle potassium as well as in the ratio of muscle to plasma specific activity. The rate of loss of blood potassium (K42 vascular slope) was diminished in animals in which an amount of potassium less than that originally present in the extracellular space was removed. The data exclude the heart, liver and skeletal muscle as the sites from which potassium removed in acute experiments was derived.

The Effect of Pentobarbitone on Plasma and Intracellular Sodium, Potassium and pH in Rabbit Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-551
Author(s):  
R. J. C. Hall ◽  
I. R. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Intracellular Sodium ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Intracellular Potassium ◽  
Intracellular Compartments

1. Pentobarbitone anaesthesia, in rabbits, produces (i) hypokalaemia, (ii) increased intracellular potassium and reduced intracellular sodium in cardiac and skeletal muscle. 2. These changes suggest that the hypokalaemia which accompanies anaesthesia results from movement of potassium between the extracellular and intracellular compartments.

scholarly journals Water, sodium, potassium, and chloride content of skeletal muscle in fit and ill subjects

1968 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 555-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. G. Flear ◽  
I. Florence ◽  
J. A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Sodium Potassium

Raised Intracellular Sodium Consequent to Sodium-Potassium-Dependent ATPase Inhibition Does Not Cause Myogenic Contractions of 150 μm Arteries from Rat and Guinea Pig

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (s8) ◽  
pp. 45s-48s ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Mulvany ◽  
C. Aalkjær ◽  
H. Nilsson ◽  
N. Korsgaard ◽  
T. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Rat Aorta ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Intracellular Sodium ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Dependent Atpase ◽  
Resistance Vessels ◽  
Atpase Inhibition ◽  
Large Vessels

1. We have examined effects of inhibition of Na+,K+-dependent ATPase in large and small arterial ring preparations from rats and guinea pigs. 2. Ouabain (1 mmol/l) caused myogenic contraction of rat aorta and tail artery, but had no long-lasting effect on 150 μm mesenteric and 150 μm femoral resistance vessels over a 3 h period. Much lower concentrations of ouabain (1 μmol/l) caused contraction of guinea pig aorta, but had no effect on the mesenteric and femoral resistance vessels. 3. In the mesenteric resistance vessels, ouabain (1 mmol/l, rat vessels; 1 μmol/l, guinea pig vessels) caused the intracellular sodium content to rise over 2 h from approx. 13 mmol/l to approx. 60 mmol/l, and in the rat mesenteric resistance vessels this was associated with membrane depolarization from approx. −54 mV to approx. −30 mV after 3 h. 4. The results suggest that whereas Na+,K+-ATPase inhibition and consequent raised intracellular sodium may cause contraction of large vessels, this does not seem to be the case for small vessels. It therefore seems that further investigation is required before it is accepted that raised intracellular sodium is in itself a factor of importance in the etiology of hypertension.

scholarly journals Changes in the Membrane Permeability of Frog's Sartorius Muscle Fibers in Ca-Free EDTA Solution

1963 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kimizuka ◽  
K. Koketsu
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Sartorius Muscle ◽  
Constant Field ◽  
Sodium Influx ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Edta Solution ◽  
Frog Sartorius ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The changes in the membrane permeability to sodium, potassium, and chloride ions as well as the changes in the intracellular concentration of these ions were studied on frog sartorius muscles in Ca-free EDTA solution. It was found that the rate constants for potassium and chloride efflux became almost constant within 10 minutes in the absence of external calcium ions, that for potassium increasing to 1.5 to 2 times normal and that for chloride decreasing about one-half. The sodium influx in Ca-free EDTA solution, between 30 and 40 minutes, was about 4 times that in Ringer's solution. The intracellular sodium and potassium contents did not change appreciably but the intracellular chloride content had increased to about 4 times normal after 40 minutes. By applying the constant field theory to these results, it was concluded that (a) PCl did not change appreciably whereas PK decreased to a level that, in the interval between 10 and 40 minutes, was about one-half normal, (b) PNa increased until between 30 and 40 minutes it was about 8 times normal. The low value of the membrane potential between 30 and 40 minutes was explained in terms of the changes in the membrane permeability and the intracellular ion concentrations. The mechanism for membrane depolarization in this solution was briefly discussed.

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