THE EFFECT OF HUMAN GONADOTROPHINS ON THE OVARIES OF RADIOLOGICALLY CASTRATED WOMEN

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Lindell
Keyword(s):  
Histological Examination ◽  
Cervical Carcinoma ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Hormone Stimulation ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT Five cases of irradiated cervical carcinoma have been investigated in order to see whether radiological castration completely suppresses ovarian function. After an interval of 7–8 months, and when the oestrogen and pregnanediol excretion had become stabilised at a low level, gonadotrophic hormones were given. Human pituitary follicle stimulating hormone together with human chorionic gonadotrophin were administered in adequate amounts. No effect whatever was seen on the excretion of the three oestrogen fractions investigated, or of pregnanediol. Excretion of 17-OHCS and 17-KS was also unaffected. Histological examination of the ovaries after conclusion of hormone stimulation showed completely atrophic ovaries. As seen in this investigation, the ovarian function after radiological castration is totally abolished and radiological castration produces the same effect as oophorectomy.

Therapeutic use of gonadotrophins and clomiphene

1969 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 33-35
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Therapeutic Use ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Synthetic Compound ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

The three substances now used to stimulate the gonads in infertility are human follicle stimulating hormone (HFSH) obtained mainly from post-menopausal urine, but also from human pituitary glands, human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) extracted from the urine of pregnant women, and clomiphene (Clomid - Merrell), a synthetic compound which we reviewed in 1967.1

OBSERVATIONS ON THE ASSAY OF HUMAN URINARY FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE BY THE AUGMENTATION TEST IN MICE

1966 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. BROWN ◽  
M. WELLS
Keyword(s):  
No Value ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
High Potency ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Ovarian Weight ◽  
C3h Mice ◽  
C57bl Mice ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY The follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) content of urinary gonadotrophic extracts was assayed by its effect on the ovarian weight of immature mice when given in conjunction with 40 i.u. human chorionic gonadotrophin. About three-quarters of all routine assays gave values of λ between 0·15 and 0·30. Precision was slightly increased when the material was given in three rather than in five injections. Correction of ovarian weight for body weight was either invalid or of no value in reducing variance. Removal of between-litter variance increased precision considerably. Mice of three randomly bred colonies were all satisfactory, and inbred C57BL mice were also suitable for the assay. C3H mice were less sensitive. The efficiency of different methods of extracting FSH from urine was examined. The method of Johnsen (1958) using precipitation with tannic acid was considered the most satisfactory and gave extracts of high potency and low bulk. Limited experiments in which purified human pituitary FSH was assayed with and without added luteinizing hormone, gave results compatible with the assumption that the method is specific for FSH.

scholarly journals Treatment of immature mice with gonadotrophins. The influence of mouse age on the response of ovarian alkaline phosphatase activities to gonadotrophins

1975 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Bramley
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Uterine Weight ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Serum Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Treatment of mice aged 23–25 days with chorionic gonadotrophin induced large amounts of an ovarian alkaline phosphatase activity (phosphatase Ib) kinetically distinct from that of untreated ovaries (phosphatase I). The activities of alkaline phosphatase I and Ib varied with age in untreated mice. Phosphatase Ib appeared when serum luteinizing hormone concentrations increased (days 4–10 and days 35–45), and disappeared when concentrations were low (days 11–35). Injection of human chorionic gonadotrophin induced progressively larger amounts of phosphatase Ib activity between day 19 and day 29. However, gonadotrophin treatment failed to induce this activity on days 10–18 and 30–35. Nevertheless, during the latter period, human chorionic gonadotrophin induced especially large increases in uterine weight. Treatment at different ages with sheep luteinizing hormone plus human pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone induced a pattern of response identical with that induced by human chorionic gonadotrophin, although sheep luteinizing hormone alone was ineffective before 35 days. In contrast, human luteinizing hormone induced a response in the absence of exogenous follicle-stimulating hormone.

TREATMENT OF EUNUCHOIDAL MEN WITH HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN AND FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE

1968 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. CROOKE ◽  
A. G. DAVIES ◽  
R. MORRIS
Keyword(s):  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Somatic Development ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY Large doses of human chorionic gonadotrophin and human pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone were given singly and in combination to six eunuchoidal men. None had an increased excretion of urinary gonadotrophin before treatment. Histological examination of the testicles showed very immature germinal epithelium in five of the patients before treatment. Spermatozoa were found histologically in three patients, only after combined treatment with both gonadotrophins. Low concentrations of spermatozoa appeared in semen from two of these patients. One patient was found to have histological evidence of spermatogenesis before treatment but was unable to produce semen. Treatment with chorionic gonadotrophin alone enabled him to produce semen containing up to 15,000,000 spermatozoa per ml. Significant increases were found in the urinary levels of a variety of steroids and in total body potassium after treatment with chorionic gonadotrophin and a variable amount of somatic development took place.

DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF A HETEROLOGOUS RADIOIMMUNOASSAY FOR OVINE FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE

1976 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUDITH R. McNEILLY ◽  
A. S. McNEILLY ◽  
J. S. WALTON ◽  
F. J. CUNNINGHAM
Keyword(s):  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Rabbit Antiserum ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY A highly specific and sensitive heterologous double antibody radioimmunoassay for ovine follicle-stimulating hormone (oFSH) is described in detail. The assay using a rabbit antiserum to human FSH and either 125I-labelled rat FSH or 125I-labelled oFSH as tracer is specific for FSH. A maximum cross-reaction (B/Bo = 50%) of 0·1% was observed with other ovine, rat or human pituitary hormones or human chorionic gonadotrophin. Serum levels of oFSH in samples collected daily throughout the oestrous cycle showed large individual variations. In five out of nine animals a peak of FSH was observed on the day of oestrus.

MATURATIONAL CHANGES IN SHEEP OVARIAN FOLLICLES: GONADOTROPHIC STIMULATION OF CYCLIC AMP PRODUCTION BY ISOLATED THECA AND GRANULOSA CELLS

1978 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Weiss ◽  
D. T. Armstrong ◽  
J. E. A. McIntosh ◽  
R. F. Seamark
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Camp Production ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT Theca and granulosa tissues isolated from sheep ovarian follicles of different sizes were incubated in the presence of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG; 5 IU/ml) or follicle stimulating hormone (FSH; 5 μg NIH-FSH-S11/ml) for 40 min. Changes in the total amounts of cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) were used as an index of the responsiveness of these preparations to the hormones. Thecal tissue of both large (4–6 mm in diameter) and small (1–3 mm) follicles responded similarly to gonadotrophins. Granulosa cells from small follicles failed to respond to stimulation by HCG. FSH, however, consistently increased cAMP production in comparison with controls or cells treated with HCG. Granulosa cells of large follicles responded to both HCG and FSH.

ANTIGONADOTROPHIC PROFILE OF ANTISERA AGAINST HUMAN GONADOTROPHIN PREPARATIONS

1971 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Petrusz ◽  
C. Robyn ◽  
E. Diczfalusy
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Total Dose ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Immunological Activity ◽  
Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT Forty-two antisera were prepared in rabbits against human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), human hypophysial gonadotrophin (HHG), human urinary luteinizing hormone (LH) and human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) preparations. The gonadotrophic profiles of the antigens were previously characterized by bioassay, immunoassay and bioimmunoassay methods. The 25 most potent antisera were tested in statistically valid bioassays for their HCG and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) neutralizing activities as well as for their neutralizing potencies against the FSH-like activity present in HCG preparations. The anti-HCG/anti-FSH ratios of the anti-HCG sera tested varied between 6.2 and > 254, while those of the anti-HHG, anti-LH and anti-HMG sera were close to 2. It was found that the total dose of immunological activity (anti-HCG neutralizing and anti-FSH neutralizing potency) rather than that of the biological activity administered to the rabbits was decisive for obtaining antisera with high anti-HCG and anti-FSH titers. Immunization with a highly purified HCG preparation (> 17 000 IU/mg) resulted in antisera exhibiting lower anti-HCG/anti-FSH ratios than did immunization with partially purified preparations. A highly purified urinary LH preparation which did not contain any detectable FSH activity gave rise to antisera exhibiting anti-HCG/anti-FSH ratios of approximately 2.0. These highly purified HCG and LH preparations were shown previously to possess high anti-FSH neutralizing potencies (Petrusz et al. 1971b). Booster injections did not change significantly the quality or the titer of the antigonadotrophic sera studied. The HCG neutralizing potency of anti-HCG sera was approximately 3 times higher when assayed against a highly purified HCG preparation (> 17 000 IU/mg) as compared to potency estimates obtained against the laboratory standard of HCG (about 2000 IU/mg). It is suggested that consideration should be given to the establishment of standard preparations of antigonadotrophic sera. It is concluded that bioimmunoassays are more suitably than conventional bioassay methods for the assessment of the antigenic purity of human gonadotrophin preparations.

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